{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:08:44Z","timestamp":1787508524255,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]],"date-time":"2010-04-26T04:46:17Z","timestamp":1272257177000},"page":"197-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Disorders of sex development in the dog\u2014Adoption of a new nomenclature and reclassification of reported cases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Poth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Breuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Hermanns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.17221\/2056-VETMED","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism in dogs: three case reports","volume":"52","author":"Alam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Med. (Praha)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.109.21.468","article-title":"Three intersexual dogs","volume":"109","author":"Allen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1978.172.05.584","article-title":"Pseudohermaphroditism in a dog","volume":"172","author":"Axelson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib4","series-title":"The ACT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual 2","author":"Barch","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib5","first-page":"375","article-title":"Clinical, pathologic and cytogenetic observations on two intersex dogs","volume":"68","author":"Bosu","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2008.01065.x","article-title":"Minimal external masculinization in a SRY-negative XX male Podenco dog","volume":"44","author":"Buijtels","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod. Dom. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib7","first-page":"179","article-title":"L\u2019intersexualit\u00e9 chez le chien (canis familiaris). A propos de quatre cas","volume":"156","author":"Chaffaux","year":"1980","journal-title":"Rec. M\u00e9d. V\u00e9t."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib8","first-page":"463","article-title":"Un cas rare d\u2019hermaphrodisme vrai lat\u00e9ral chez une chienne 78,XY","volume":"162","author":"Chaffaux","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rec. M\u00e9d. V\u00e9t."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib9","first-page":"125","article-title":"Le pseudohermaphrodisme m\u00e2le, a propos du cas d\u2019un chien intersexu\u00e9 78,XX","volume":"166","author":"Chaffaux","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rec. M\u00e9d. V\u00e9t."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1159\/000130078","article-title":"An XXY sex-chromosome constitution in a dog with testicular hypoplasia and congenital heart disease","volume":"9","author":"Clough","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cytogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-35380","article-title":"Molecular genetics of sex determination","volume":"20","author":"Cotinot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sem. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0560239","article-title":"Two intersex dogs with mosaicism","volume":"56","author":"Dain","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fert."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1159\/000129693","article-title":"Mutations in the RSPO1 coding region are not the main cause of canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal in several breeds","volume":"2","author":"De Lorenzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00640.x","article-title":"True hermaphroditism in six female littermates after administration of synthetic androgens to a pregnant bitch","volume":"41","author":"De Rooster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod. Dom. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib15","series-title":"Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction","first-page":"893","article-title":"Infertility, associated breeding disorders, and disorders of sexual development","author":"Feldman","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib16","first-page":"683","article-title":"Pseudohermaphroditism in a dog","volume":"78","author":"Fischer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Small. Anim. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib17","first-page":"647","article-title":"Bilateral ovotestes in an intersex, mixed-breed dog","volume":"40","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00350887","article-title":"Variation of short tandem repeats within and between species belonging to the Canidae family","volume":"6","author":"Fredholm","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mamm. Genome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.142.13.340","article-title":"XX\/XY chromosome chimaerism in an intersex dog","volume":"142","author":"Genero","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib20","first-page":"56","article-title":"Cryptorchidism associated with 78,XY\/79,XXY mosaicism in dog","volume":"56","author":"Goldschmidt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Israel J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib21","first-page":"7","article-title":"Intersexuality in the dog","volume":"17","author":"Hare","year":"1976","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.118.22.605","article-title":"Hospital incidence of hypospadias in dogs in North America","volume":"118","author":"Hayes","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420200316","article-title":"Intersexes in the dog","volume":"20","author":"Hinsch","year":"1979","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1983.tb00390.x","article-title":"Disorders of urination associated with canine intersexuality","volume":"24","author":"Holt","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Small. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2007.11.001","article-title":"Disorders of sex development: a new definition and classification","volume":"22","author":"Hughes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib26","first-page":"65","article-title":"Premature gonadal failure in female dogs and cats","volume":"39","author":"Johnston","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.11.331","article-title":"Hypospadias in six dogs","volume":"164","author":"Jurka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1976.tb06955.x","article-title":"Testicular neoplasia in an intersex dog","volume":"17","author":"Kelly","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Small. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esi129","article-title":"Exclusion of candidate genes for canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal","volume":"96","author":"Kothapalli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib30","first-page":"251","article-title":"Intersexuality in dogs: causes and genetics","volume":"111","author":"Kuiper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dtsch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.08.1104","article-title":"Prolonged proestrus in a bitch with X chromosomal monosomy (77,X0)","volume":"200","author":"L\u00f6fstedt","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.181.08.798","article-title":"Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome in miniature schnauzers","volume":"181","author":"Marshall","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.145.20.582","article-title":"Canine gonadal dysgenesis syndrome: a case of mosaicism (77,X0-78,XX)","volume":"145","author":"Mayenco-Aguirre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210754","article-title":"A minority of 46,XX true hermaphrodites are positive for the Y-DNA sequence including SRY","volume":"90","author":"McElreavey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib35","first-page":"213","article-title":"Female pseudohermaphroditism associated with mibolerone administration in a dog","volume":"19","author":"Medleau","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib36","first-page":"564","article-title":"Sry-negative XX sex reversal in a family of Norwegian Elkhounds","volume":"13","author":"Melniczek","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib37","series-title":"Current Therapy in Theriogenology: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Reproductive Diseases in Animals","first-page":"567","article-title":"Disorders of sexual development in the dog","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod37.4.1015","article-title":"M\u00fcllerian inhibiting substance in sex-reversed dogs","volume":"37","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib39","first-page":"57","article-title":"Sexual differentiation and inherited disorders of sexual development in the dog","volume":"39","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111605","article-title":"Sry-negative XX sex reversal in the German Shorthaired Pointer dog","volume":"86","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2795(199907)53:3<266::AID-MRD2>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Sry-negative XX sex reversal in purebred dogs","volume":"53","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib42","series-title":"Recent Advances in Small Animal Reproduction","article-title":"Inherited abnormalities of sexual development in dogs and cats","author":"Meyers-Wallen","year":"2001"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib43","first-page":"31S","article-title":"Persistent M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome in the Basset Hound","volume":"117","author":"Nickel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.212.10.1545","article-title":"Theriogenology question of the month. Azoospermia associated with 79,XXY chromosome complement (canine Klinefelter's syndrome)","volume":"212","author":"Nie","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esi106","article-title":"Lack of the SOX9 gene polymorphism in sex reversal dogs (78,XX; SRY negative)","volume":"96","author":"Nowacka","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2006.04.051","article-title":"Normal male chromosome complement and a lack of the SRY and SOX9 gene mutations in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog","volume":"98","author":"Nowacka-Woszuk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowacka-Woszuk, J., Switonski, M., 2009. Variability of CAG tandem repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene is not related with dog intersexuality. Anim. Reprod. Sci., doi:10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.05.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.05.001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.194.12.1747","article-title":"Female pseudohermaphroditism in three sibling Greyhounds","volume":"194","author":"Olson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/ng769","article-title":"A 11.7-kb deletion triggers intersexuality and polledness in goats","volume":"29","author":"Pailhoux","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(93)90377-H","article-title":"Phenotypic feminization in a genetic male dog caused by nonfunctional androgen receptors","volume":"40","author":"Peter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esi058","article-title":"Exclusion of Lhx9 as a candidate gene for SRY-negative XX sex reversal in the American Cocker Spaniel model","volume":"96","author":"Pujar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esm028","article-title":"Linkage to CFA29 detected in a genome-wide linkage screen of canine pedigree segregating SRY-negative XX sex reversal","volume":"98","author":"Pujar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1970.31.06.1113","article-title":"True bilateral hermaphroditism in a Beagle: a case report","volume":"31","author":"Pullen","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib54","first-page":"417","article-title":"H-Y antigen-positive XX true bilateral hermaphroditism in a German Shorthaired Pointer","volume":"24","author":"Randolph","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib55","article-title":"Clinical snapshot. A vulvar mass in a dog. True hermaphrodite","volume":"29","author":"Redden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Compend. Contin. Educ. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergencyto.2008.02.009","article-title":"Testicular tumor in an XXY dog","volume":"183","author":"Reimann-Berg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Genet. Cytogenet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib57","first-page":"55","article-title":"\u00dcber Hermaphroditismus beim Hund","volume":"101","author":"R\u00f6cken","year":"1988","journal-title":"Berl. M\u00fcnch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.2.6418","article-title":"Familial sex reversal: a review","volume":"85","author":"Sarafoglou","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib59","first-page":"435","article-title":"A male to female sex-reversed dog with a reciprocal translocation","volume":"57","author":"Schelling","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib60","first-page":"431","article-title":"Pathology of the genital system of the nongravid female","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Schlafer","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.96.14.323-b","article-title":"Letter: hermaphroditism in a Shetland sheepdog","volume":"96","author":"Schneck","year":"1975","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1126\/science.675252","article-title":"Genetic basis of XX male syndrome and XX true hermaphroditism: evidence in the dog","volume":"201","author":"Selden","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00270560","article-title":"Inherited XX sex reversal in the cocker spaniel dog","volume":"67","author":"Selden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib64","series-title":"BSAVA Manual of Small Animal Reproduction and Neonatology","author":"Simpson","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1989.tb03085.x","article-title":"X-chromosomal monosomy (77,X0) in a Doberman Pinscher with gonadal dysgenesis","volume":"3","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2007.09.008","article-title":"Is there a link between hypospadias and organochlorine exposure in East Greenland sledge dogs (Canis familiaris)?","volume":"69","author":"Sonne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib67","first-page":"464","article-title":"Canine intersexuality in a Pug breeding kennel","volume":"62","author":"Stewart","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib68","first-page":"67","article-title":"Hermaphroditus verus unilateralis beim Hund mit blastomat\u00f6ser Entartung des rudiment\u00e4ren Ovars","volume":"92","author":"St\u00fcnzi","year":"1950","journal-title":"Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib69","first-page":"358","article-title":"Two cases of male pseudohermaphroditism in the dog. Clinical, macroscopic, karyotypic, and therapeutic features","volume":"37","author":"Svendsen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nord. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/91.2.149","article-title":"X trisomy in an infertile bitch: cytogenetic, anatomic, and histologic studies","volume":"91","author":"Switonski","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esg001","article-title":"Two cases of infertile bitches with 78,XX\/77,X mosaic karyotype: a need for cytogenetic evaluation of dogs with reproductive disorders","volume":"94","author":"Switonski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib72","first-page":"705","article-title":"Hereditary sex-reversal syndrome (78,XX; SRY-negative) in German Shepherd puppies","volume":"60","author":"Switonski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medycyna weterynaryjna"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib73","first-page":"390","article-title":"Disorders of sexual development in the dog: two case reports","volume":"26 (K)","author":"Tammer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztl. Prax."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.181.01.70","article-title":"Lateral hermaphroditism in a dog","volume":"181","author":"Tangner","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.189.12.1596","article-title":"Lateral hermaphroditism and seminoma in a dog","volume":"189","author":"Thomas","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib76","first-page":"65","article-title":"A case of dysuria as a result of a communication between the urinary bladder and corpus uteri in a Cairn Terrier","volume":"53","author":"Van Schouwenburg","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.18.532","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism in a dog: a clinical case","volume":"146","author":"Volpe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.105.10.230","article-title":"Phenotypic intersex (female pseudohermaphroditism) in a Dachshund dog","volume":"105","author":"Weaver","year":"1979","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2006.36706","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism in a Labrador Retriever, and a review of mammalian sexual differentiation","volume":"54","author":"Wernham","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Z. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.11.008","article-title":"Malformations of the epididymis, incomplete regression of the mesonephric tubles and hyperplasia of Leydig cells in canine persistence of M\u00fcllerian duct syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Whyte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-33-1-83","article-title":"Pyovagina and stump pyometra in neutered XX sex-reversed beagle: a case report","volume":"33","author":"Williams","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109210","article-title":"Intersexuality in a family of Kerry Blue Terriers","volume":"70","author":"Williamson","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.108.005736","article-title":"A single base pair mutation encoding a premature stop codon in the MIS type II receptor is responsible for canine Persistent M\u00fcllerian Duct Syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Androl."}],"container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432010000904?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432010000904?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T06:17:05Z","timestamp":1759904225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378432010000904"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378432010000904"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-4320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-4320","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disorders of sex development in the dog\u2014Adoption of a new nomenclature and reclassification of reported cases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal Reproduction Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.04.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}