{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T17:37:00Z","timestamp":1780767420759,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]],"date-time":"2011-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]],"date-time":"2011-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,25]],"date-time":"2011-09-25T21:25:35Z","timestamp":1316985935000},"page":"117-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Differences between epididymal and ejaculated sperm characteristics in donkey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Alessia","family":"Gloria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Contri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ippolito","family":"De Amicis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Robbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Carluccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.2.375","article-title":"Response of midpiece vesicles on human sperm to osmotic stress","volume":"17","author":"Abraham-Peskir","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of age and frequency of ejaculation on sperm production and extragonadal sperm reserves in stallion","volume":"27","author":"Amann","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1177\/41.8.8331289","article-title":"Flow cytometry sorting of living, highly motile human spermatozoa based on evaluation of their mitochondrial activity","volume":"41","author":"Auger","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0020","first-page":"47","article-title":"Pregnancy in a mare resulting from frozen epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"21","author":"Barker","year":"1957","journal-title":"Can. J. Comp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)55330-8","article-title":"Effect of abstinence on sperm acrosin, hypoosmotic swelling, and other semen variables","volume":"58","author":"Blackwell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(00)00400-3","article-title":"Cryopreservation of epididymal sperm obtained at necropsy from goats","volume":"54","author":"Blash","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)00838-5","article-title":"Effect of storage at 5\u00b0C on the motility and cryopreservation of stallion epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"58","author":"Bruemmer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0040","first-page":"35","article-title":"A comparison of electroejaculation and epididymal sperm collection techniques in stallions","volume":"45","author":"Cary","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019108987658","article-title":"Effect of time interval between ejaculations on semen parameters","volume":"27","author":"Check","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(96)00075-1","article-title":"In vitro induction of acrosome reaction in stallion spermatozoa by heparin and A23187","volume":"45","author":"Christensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.02.018","article-title":"Efficiency of different extenders on cooled semen collected during long and short day length seasons in Martina Franca donkey","volume":"120","author":"Contri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh410","article-title":"Cytoplasmic droplets are normal structures of human spermatozoa but are not well preserved by routine procedures for assessing sperm morphology","volume":"19","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh586","article-title":"Duration of sexual abstinence: epididymal and accessory sex gland secretions and their relationship to sperm motility","volume":"20","author":"Elzanaty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.05.056","article-title":"Effects of freezing\/thawing on motile sperm subpopulations of boar and donkey ejaculates","volume":"70","author":"Flores","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod53.2.276","article-title":"Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using sybr-14 and propidium iodide","volume":"53","author":"Garner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)00021-6","article-title":"Effect of ejaculation frequency and season on donkey jack semen","volume":"47","author":"Gastal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0080","first-page":"384","article-title":"Quality and freezability of epididymal semen from African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) under field conditions","volume":"55","author":"Gerber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.11.018","article-title":"Evaluation of epididymal semen quality using the Hamilton\u2013Thorne analyser indicates variation between the two epididymides of the same bull","volume":"66","author":"Goovaerts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0090","first-page":"243","article-title":"Assessment of mitochondrial activity of human spermatozoa: motility\/viability in fertile\/infertile men","volume":"3","author":"Gopalkrishnan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.10.010","article-title":"Mitochondrial activity of frozen\u2013thawed spermatozoa assessed by MitoTracker Deep Red 633","volume":"63","author":"Hallap","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.06.009","article-title":"Influence of seminal plasma on fertility of fresh and frozen\u2013thawed stallion epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"118","author":"Heise","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.11.017","article-title":"Influence of seminal plasma on fresh and post-thaw parameters of stallion epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"123","author":"Heise","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(01)00090-2","article-title":"Cryopreservation of epididymal dog sperm","volume":"67","author":"Hewitt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1530\/ror.0.0040143","article-title":"Role of reproductive technologies and genetic resource banks in animal conservation","volume":"4","author":"Holt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.066357","article-title":"Sperm mitochondrial integrity is not required for hyperactivated motility, zona binding, or acrosoma reaction in the rhesus macaque","volume":"79","author":"Hung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(87)90029-X","article-title":"Effects of Equex STM and equilibration time on the pre-freeze and postthaw motility of equine epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"28","author":"Jimenez","year":"1987","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1980.41.08.1190","article-title":"Maturation of equine epididymal spermatozoa","volume":"41","author":"Johnson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(98)00166-6","article-title":"Cryopreservation and ensuing in vitro fertilization ability of boar spermatozoa from epididymides stored at 4\u00b0C","volume":"50","author":"Kikushi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1081\/PB-120025372","article-title":"A technique for preserving retained distal cytoplasmic droplets in situ for immunofluorescence evaluation of ejaculated porcine spermatozoa","volume":"33","author":"Kuster","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prep. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3109\/01485018608986954","article-title":"Effects of abstinence on maturity of human spermatozoa","volume":"17","author":"LeLannou","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00640.x","article-title":"Contribution of the male factor to unexplained infertility: a review","volume":"18","author":"Mackenna","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019108987644","article-title":"Effects of varying the abstinence period in the same individuals on sperm quality","volume":"26","author":"Magnus","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)00268-9","article-title":"Assessing the quality of raw semen: a review","volume":"48","author":"Malmgren","year":"1997","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1994.204.10.1639","article-title":"Conception by use of postmortem epididymal semen extraction in a dog","volume":"204","author":"Marks","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.05.108","article-title":"Comparison of three different extenders for freezing epididymal stallion sperm","volume":"107","author":"Melo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0175","series-title":"Gametes\u2014The Spermatozoon","article-title":"Post-testicular sperm maturation and transport in the excurrent duct","author":"Moore","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)00742-2","article-title":"The in vivo fertility of cauda epididymal spermatozoa in the horse","volume":"58","author":"Morris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0640391","article-title":"Morphological selection of human spermatozoa in vivo and in vitro","volume":"64","author":"Mortimer","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.07.022","article-title":"Sperm motility patterns and metabolism in Catalonian donkey semen","volume":"63","author":"Mir\u00f3","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.06.012","article-title":"Effects of dilution and centrifugation on the survival of spermatozoa and the structure of motile sperm cell subpopulations in refrigerated Catalonian donkey semen","volume":"72","author":"Mir\u00f3","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0880167","article-title":"Testicular growth, hormone concentration, seminal characteristics and sexual behaviour in stallions","volume":"88","author":"Naden","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2006.03.041","article-title":"Cryopreservation of cauda epididymis spermatozoa from slaughterhouse testicles 24h after ground transportation","volume":"94","author":"Neild","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.05.003","article-title":"Freezing of stallion epididymal sperm","volume":"107","author":"Papa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0225","first-page":"278","article-title":"Effect of long abstinence periods on human sperm quality","volume":"39","author":"Pellestor","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.2.462","article-title":"Evaluation of in vitro capacitation of stallion spermatozoa","volume":"65","author":"Rathi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.09.003","article-title":"Effect of extender, centrifugation and removal of seminal plasma on cooled-preserved Amiata donkey spermatozoa","volume":"69","author":"Rota","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90038-5","article-title":"Effects of abstinence on sperm motility of normal men","volume":"158","author":"Sauer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)00274-4","article-title":"Factors associated with the quality before freezing and after thawing of sperm obtained by microsurgical epididymal aspiration","volume":"68","author":"Sharma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1991.tb01045.x","article-title":"Sperm morphology and fertility in AI bulls","volume":"38","author":"Soderquist","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.04.011","article-title":"The roles of the epididymis and prostasomes in the attainment of fertilizing capacity by stallion sperm","volume":"107","author":"Sostaric","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(00)00231-1","article-title":"The use of in vitro fertilization techniques to investigate the fertilizing ability of bovine sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplets","volume":"65","author":"Thundathil","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)00827-0","article-title":"Stallion epididymal spermatozoa: pre-freeze and post-thaw motility and viability after three treatments","volume":"58","author":"Tiplady","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(98)00184-8","article-title":"A procedure for Poitou jackass sperm cryopreservation","volume":"50","author":"Trimeche","year":"1998","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(92)90111-P","article-title":"Genetic resource banks for conservating wildlife species: justification, examples and becoming organized on a global basis","volume":"28","author":"Wildt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0280","first-page":"295","article-title":"Linkage of reproductive sciences: from \u2018quick fix\u2019 to \u2018integrated\u2019 conservation","volume":"57","author":"Wildt","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1556\/004.47.1999.2.11","article-title":"Sperm collection from shot red deer stags (Cervus elaphus) and the utilization of sperm frozen and subsequently thawed","volume":"47","author":"Zomborsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Hung."}],"container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432011002429?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432011002429?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T06:19:50Z","timestamp":1759904390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378432011002429"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378432011002429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-4320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-4320","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differences between epididymal and ejaculated sperm characteristics in donkey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal Reproduction Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}