{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:53:28Z","timestamp":1793382808749,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007801","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["08752\/PI\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["08752\/PI\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]],"date-time":"2012-10-24T08:15:28Z","timestamp":1351066528000},"page":"14-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Reproductive performance and backflow study in cervical and post-cervical artificial insemination in sows"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Caravaca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Jos\u00e9","family":"Izquierdo-Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Mat\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Abril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Soriano-\u00dabeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2013V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0280369","article-title":"Transport of live and dead boar spermatozoa within the reproductive tract of gilts","volume":"28","author":"Baker","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0010","first-page":"294","article-title":"Pre-weaning mortality in pigs. 2. The perinatal period","volume":"26","author":"Bille","year":"1974","journal-title":"Nord. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0020","first-page":"117","article-title":"Physiological role of seminal components in the reproductive tract of the female pig","volume":"40","author":"Claus","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0025","series-title":"5th International Conference on Boar Semen Preservation","first-page":"50","article-title":"Intrauterine insemination with reduced sperm number on a commercial pig farm","author":"Dallanora","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0195","series-title":"15th International Congress on Animal Reproduction. Vol. 2","first-page":"387","article-title":"Volume and sperm number in the semen backflow after intrauterine or cervical insemination in sows","author":"Dallanora","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0030","first-page":"40","article-title":"Deep intrauterine and transcervical insemination of sows and gilts","volume":"5","author":"Dimitrow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trakia J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0035","first-page":"115","article-title":"Role of uterine immune cells in early pregnancy in pigs","volume":"52","author":"Engelhardt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0040","series-title":"Proceedings of the XVI International Pig Veterinary Society Congress","first-page":"399","article-title":"Post-cervical insemination","author":"Gil","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0045","series-title":"Proceedings of the XVIII International Pig Veterinary Society Congress","first-page":"456","article-title":"Post-cervical insemination use of small volumes and sperm number","author":"Gil","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0880343","article-title":"Use of fluorescent probes to assess membrane integrity in mammalian spermatozoa","volume":"88","author":"Harrison","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0630109","article-title":"Sperm transport and reservoirs in the pig oviduct in relation to the time of ovulation","volume":"63","author":"Hunter","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1071\/RD00035","article-title":"Intrauterine insemination in sows with reduced sperm number","volume":"12","author":"Krueger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1230683","article-title":"Functions of myometrial activity in sperm transport through the genital tract and fertilisation in sows","volume":"123","author":"Langendijk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.09.027","article-title":"Uterine activity, sperm transport, and the role of boar stimuli around insemination in sows","volume":"63","author":"Langendijk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0070","first-page":"39","article-title":"Use of intra-uterine insemination of pigs: pros, cons and economics","author":"Levis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0075","first-page":"609","article-title":"Fate of semen in the uterus of the sow: histologic study of endometrium during the 27hours after natural service","volume":"29","author":"Lovell","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1220289","article-title":"Successful non-surgical deep intrauterine insemination with small numbers of spermatozoa in sows","volume":"122","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1530\/reprod\/120.2.265","article-title":"In vitro phagocytosis of boar spermatozoa by neutrophils from peripheral blood of sows","volume":"120","author":"Matthijs","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1250357","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and phagocytosis of boar spermatozoa after artificial insemination of sows, and the effects of inseminate volume, sperm dose and specific additives in the extender","volume":"125","author":"Matthijs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2004.00524.x","article-title":"Influence of sperm cell dose and post-insemination backflow on reproductive performance of intrauterine inseminated sows","volume":"40","author":"Mezalira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.11.007","article-title":"Use of a novel double uterine deposition artificial insemination technique using low concentrations of sperm in pigs","volume":"193","author":"Mozo-Mart\u00edn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0105","first-page":"257","article-title":"Variation: costs and consequences","volume":"15","author":"Patience","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Pork Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod19.1.69","article-title":"Distribution and morphology of fresh and frozen-thawed sperm in the reproductive tract of gilts after artificial insemination","volume":"19","author":"Pursel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2005.00616.x","article-title":"Field experiences on post-cervical artificial insemination in the sow","volume":"40","author":"Roberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.03.018","article-title":"Role of the oviduct in sperm capacitation","volume":"68","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0125","first-page":"129","article-title":"Oviduct involvement in sperm capacitation and oocyte development","volume":"58","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.09.028","article-title":"Boar spermatozoa in the oviduct","volume":"63","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1140195","article-title":"Characterization of uterine leukocyte infiltration in gilts after artificial insemination","volume":"114","author":"Rozeboom","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7782201x","article-title":"The effect of spermatozoa and seminal plasma on leukocyte migration into the uterus of gilts","volume":"77","author":"Rozeboom","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.8272164x","article-title":"The reproductive performance and factors affecting on-farm application of low-dose intrauterine deposit of semen in sows","volume":"82","author":"Rozeboom","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00146-8","article-title":"Semen backflow after insemination and its effect on fertilisation results in sows","volume":"54","author":"Steverink","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00696.x","article-title":"Sperm distribution in the reproductive tract of sows after intrauterine insemination","volume":"42","author":"Sumransap","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2007.00872.x","article-title":"Interaction of intact porcine spermatozoa with epithelial cells and neutrophilic granulocytes during uterine passage","volume":"43","author":"Taylor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2008.01205.x","article-title":"Number of spermatozoa in the crypts of the sperm reservoir at about 24h after a low-dose intrauterine and deep intrauterine insemination in sows","volume":"45","author":"Tummaruk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0295","article-title":"Infiltration of local immune cells in the sow reproductive tracts after intra-uterine and deep intra-uterine insemination with a reduced number of spermatozoa is less than conventional artificial insemination","volume":"73","author":"Tummaruk","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0175","first-page":"145","article-title":"Sperm distribution within the genital tract of naturally inseminated gilts","volume":"33","author":"Viring","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nord. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)00648-9","article-title":"Intrauterine insemination of sows with reduced sperm numbers: results of a commercially based field trial","volume":"57","author":"Watson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0185","first-page":"392","article-title":"Sows can successfully be inseminated non-surgically into the distal uterine horn with a highly reduced number of sperm cells","volume":"57","author":"Wolken","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007_bib0190","first-page":"303","article-title":"Motility of the bovine and porcine uterus and fallopian tube","volume":"16","author":"Zerobin","year":"1972","journal-title":"Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med."}],"container-title":["Animal Reproduction Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432012003107?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378432012003107?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T06:21:40Z","timestamp":1759904500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378432012003107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378432012003107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-4320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-4320","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reproductive performance and backflow study in cervical and post-cervical artificial insemination in sows","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal Reproduction Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}