{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T09:17:09Z","timestamp":1769505429884,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Diagnostic Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T12:45:17Z","timestamp":1620650717000},"page":"151756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Giardia lamblia and Helicobacter pylori coinfection in gastrointestinal biopsies: A retrospective single-center analysis from Switzerland"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Schmid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fridolin","family":"Bannwart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Soldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelia","family":"Noske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Torgerson et al., \"World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 11 Foodborne Parasitic Diseases, 2010: A data synthesis,\" PLoS Med, vol. 12, no. 12, 2015, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001920.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001920"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.1.114-128.2001","article-title":"Treatment of giardiasis","volume":"14","author":"Gardner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix138","article-title":"Giardiasis diagnosis and treatment practices among commercially insured persons in the United States","volume":"64","author":"Beer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0020","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori in developing countries. World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guideline","volume":"20","author":"Hunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Liver Diseases"},{"issue":"8-S","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0025","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori, transmission routes and recurrence of infection: state of the art","volume":"89","author":"Kayali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomed. Atenei Parmensis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.96","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori research: historical insights and future directions","volume":"10","author":"Fock","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001780","article-title":"Common coinfections of Giardia intestinalis and Helicobacter pylori in non-symptomatic Ugandan children","volume":"6","author":"Ankarklev","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0040","article-title":"The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal parasites in individuals from Khartoum state, Sudan: a case-control study","volume":"8","author":"Elbagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3246-4","article-title":"Co-infection of intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori among upper gastrointestinal symptomatic adult patients attending Mekanesalem Hospital, northeast Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Seid","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0050","article-title":"Giardia intestinalis and helicobacter pylori co-infection: estimated risks and predictive factors in Egypt","volume":"47","author":"El-Badry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0055","article-title":"Impact of Helicobacter pylori-giardiasis coinfection on children with recurrent abdominal pain","volume":"43","author":"Eldash","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0060","article-title":"A study on the relation between proton pump inhibitor and gastric giardiasis","volume":"28","author":"Kader","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-22","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for Giardia duodenalis infection among children: a case study in Portugal","volume":"5","author":"J\u00falio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709025062","article-title":"Giardiasis: a histologic analysis of 567 cases","volume":"32","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.45.11.964","article-title":"Gastric giardiasis","volume":"45","author":"Doglioni","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-016-4447-0","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of giardia in the United States","volume":"62","author":"Zylberberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0085","article-title":"Coexistence of helicobacter pylori and intestinal parasitosis in children with chronic abdominal pain","volume":"40","author":"G\u00f6k\u015fen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0090","article-title":"Association of Helicobacter pylori and giardiasis in children with recurrent abdominal pain","volume":"32","author":"Zeyrek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0095","article-title":"Giardia lamblia trophozoites in gastric biopsies","volume":"49","author":"Misra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0105","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and gastric erosions. Results of a prevalence study in asymptomatic volunteers","volume":"62","author":"Lehmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2014.02.006","article-title":"A practical approach to small bowel biopsy interpretation: celiac disease and its mimics","volume":"31","author":"Pai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Diagn. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0115","series-title":"Epidemiologisches Bulletin","volume":"50","author":"Robert Koch-Institut","year":"2020"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i40.11221","article-title":"Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: current options and developments","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8608904","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and gastric acid: biological and therapeutic implications","volume":"110","author":"McGowan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199305000-00010","article-title":"Gastric giardiasis: analysis of biopsy specimens from 191 patients infected with Giardia lamblia","volume":"5","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02349646","article-title":"Proton-pump inhibition and gastric giardiasis: a causal or casual association?","volume":"30","author":"Reynaert","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.03408.x","article-title":"Asymptomatic giardiasis\u2013an association with proton pump inhibitors?","volume":"95","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2017.06.008","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use is associated with a reduced risk of infection with intestinal protozoa","volume":"28","author":"Sheele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ. Med."},{"issue":"1 Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0150","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors drastically modify triosephosphate isomerase from Giardia lamblia at functional and structural levels, providing molecular leads in the design of new antigiardiasic drugs","volume":"1860","author":"Garc\u00eda-Torres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i4.573","article-title":"Intraepithelial lymphocytes, scores, mimickers and challenges in diagnosing gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease)","volume":"23","author":"Sergi","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."}],"container-title":["Annals of Diagnostic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1092913421000563?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1092913421000563?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T20:32:27Z","timestamp":1761078747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1092913421000563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S1092913421000563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-9134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-9134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Giardia lamblia and Helicobacter pylori coinfection in gastrointestinal biopsies: A retrospective single-center analysis from Switzerland","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151756","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"151756"}}