{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T20:41:14Z","timestamp":1787949674824,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","annemergmed.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,21]],"date-time":"2017-11-21T07:10:51Z","timestamp":1511248251000},"page":"809-818.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparative Effectiveness of Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Treating Acute Pain in the Emergency\u00a0Department"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Polly E.","family":"Bijur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Restivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"Persaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clyde B.","family":"Schechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. John","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne J.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. NAMCS and NHAMCS Web tables: 2011 NHAMCS emergency department summary tables. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/ahcd\/web_tables.htm. Accessed August 1,\u00a02016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib2","series-title":"Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide","first-page":"231","article-title":"Acute pain management","author":"Ducharme","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib3","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Hospital-based emergency care: at the breaking point. 2007. Available at: http:\/\/www.nap.edu\/read\/11621\/chapter\/1. Accessed August 4, 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Patient controlled opioid analgesia versus non-patient controlled opioid analgesia for postoperative pain","volume":"6","author":"McNicol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2002.004614","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of patient controlled analgesia compared with nurse delivered analgesia in an emergency department","volume":"22","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400070131017","article-title":"Intermittent injection vs patient-controlled analgesia for sickle cell crisis pain: comparison in patients in the emergency department","volume":"151","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h3147","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3147","article-title":"Pain Solutions in the Emergency Setting (PASTIES)\u2014patient controlled analgesia versus routine care in emergency department patients with non-traumatic abdominal pain: randomised trial","volume":"350","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h2988","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2988","article-title":"Pain Solutions in the Emergency Setting (PASTIES)\u2014patient controlled analgesia versus routine care in emergency department patients with pain from traumatic injuries: randomised trial","volume":"350","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01322.x","article-title":"Efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia for patients with acute abdominal pain in the emergency department: a randomized trial","volume":"19","author":"Birnbaum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70238-X","article-title":"Clinical significance of reported changes in pain severity","volume":"27","author":"Todd","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2003.tb01355.x","article-title":"Validation of a verbally administered numerical rating scale of acute pain for use in the emergency department","volume":"10","author":"Bijur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051150","article-title":"Using and understanding sedation scoring systems: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"De Jonghe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib13","series-title":"Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","first-page":"481","article-title":"Opioids, analgesia, and pain management","author":"Yaksh","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200306000-00017","article-title":"Relationships between measurement of pain using visual analog score and morphine requirements during postoperative intravenous morphine titration","volume":"98","author":"Aubrun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp070194","article-title":"Medication errors involving patient-controlled analgesia","volume":"65","author":"Hicks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/J354v19n01_08","article-title":"Patient-controlled analgesia safety issues","volume":"19","author":"Cohen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother"}],"container-title":["Annals of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196064417303608?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196064417303608?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]],"date-time":"2018-08-25T23:33:30Z","timestamp":1535240010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196064417303608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196064417303608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0644","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparative Effectiveness of Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Treating Acute Pain in the Emergency\u00a0Department","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.03.064","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 by the American College of Emergency Physicians.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}