{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T17:16:06Z","timestamp":1791134166486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000096","name":"National Center on MInority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20 MD003383-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 MD003383-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annemergmed.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T00:14:02Z","timestamp":1599869642000},"page":"S12-S20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Outcomes of an Emergency Department Observation Unit\u2013Based Pathway for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Vaso-occlusive Events\u00a0in Sickle Cell Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Lyon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lashon","family":"Sturgis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Lottenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marin E.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Eck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Kutlar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21807","article-title":"The burden of emergency department use for sickle-cell disease: an analysis of the National Emergency Department Sample database","volume":"85","author":"Lanzkron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-04-383430","article-title":"Sickle cell pain: a critical reappraisal","volume":"120","author":"Ballas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib3","series-title":"Evidence-Based Management of Sickle Cell Disease: Expert Panel Report, 2014","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3892","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-498311","article-title":"Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease: pathophysiology and novel targeted therapies","volume":"122","author":"Manwani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04193.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of the acute painful crisis in sickle cell disease","volume":"120","author":"Rees","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib6","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Pain management in adults with sickle cell disease in a medical center emergency department","volume":"102","author":"Solomon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2015.11.004","article-title":"Improving emergency providers' attitudes toward sickle cell patients in pain","volume":"51","author":"Puri Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2012.11.005","article-title":"The impact of race and disease on sickle cell patient wait times in the emergency department","volume":"31","author":"Haywood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/TME.0000000000000036","article-title":"Attitudes toward patients with sickle cell disease in a multicenter sample of emergency department providers","volume":"36","author":"Freiermuth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv Emerg Nurs J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib10","first-page":"89","article-title":"The association of clinician characteristics with their attitudes toward patients with sickle cell disease: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"107","author":"Haywood","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.4.461","article-title":"Critical pathways: a review. Committee on Acute Cardiac Care, Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association","volume":"101","author":"Every","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-12-199512150-00008","article-title":"Critical pathways as a strategy for improving care: problems and potential","volume":"123","author":"Pearson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90217-7","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and natural history of patients with acute myocardial infarction sent home from the emergency room","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199804000-00015","article-title":"Emergency department observation unit versus hospital inpatient care for a chronic asthmatic population: a randomized trial of health status outcome and cost","volume":"36","author":"Rydman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440390041006","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison between emergency diagnostic and treatment unit and inpatient care in the management of acute asthma","volume":"157","author":"McDermott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","article-title":"Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science","volume":"4","author":"Damschroder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01330.x","article-title":"Adult emergency department patients with sickle cell pain crisis: results from a quality improvement learning collaborative model to improve analgesic management","volume":"19","author":"Tanabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.056689","article-title":"Derivation of a risk assessment tool for emergency department patients with sickle cell disease","volume":"25","author":"Bernard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22048","article-title":"Multi-modal intervention and prospective implementation of standardized sickle cell pain admission orders reduces 30-day readmission rate","volume":"53","author":"Frei-Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2008.1.466","article-title":"Pain management in sickle cell disease: palliative care begins at birth?","volume":"1","author":"Benjamin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21537","article-title":"Day hospital versus inpatient management of uncomplicated vaso-occlusive crises in children with sickle cell disease","volume":"51","author":"Raphael","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpem.2010.09.002","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of sickle cell pain in the emergency department: paths to a better future","volume":"11","author":"Zempsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib23","unstructured":"DeBaun MR. Acute pain management in adults with sickle cell disease. UpToDate.\u00a02014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-07-089144","article-title":"Treatment and prevention of pain due to vaso-occlusive crises in adults with sickle cell disease: an educational void","volume":"111","author":"Solomon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evidence-based management of sickle cell disease in the emergency department","volume":"13","author":"Glassberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Med Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20944","article-title":"Patient-controlled analgesia versus continuous infusion of morphine during vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, a randomized controlled trial","volume":"82","author":"van Beers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3109\/08880019209016603","article-title":"Analgesia in children with sickle cell crisis: comparison of intermittent opioids vs continuous intravenous infusion of morphine and placebo-controlled study of oxygen inhalation","volume":"9","author":"Robieux","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr Hematol Oncol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196064420306478?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196064420306478?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T04:43:46Z","timestamp":1759293826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196064420306478"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196064420306478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0644","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Outcomes of an Emergency Department Observation Unit\u2013Based Pathway for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Vaso-occlusive Events\u00a0in Sickle Cell Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2020.08.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the American College of Emergency Physicians.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}