{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:02:39Z","timestamp":1791406959743,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]],"date-time":"2017-12-27T13:19:57Z","timestamp":1514380797000},"page":"267-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Age-specific excess mortality patterns and transmissibility during the 1889\u20131890 influenza pandemic in Madrid, Spain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Ramiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5272-9616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0096-6337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cilek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Chowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8778","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000886107","article-title":"Transmissibility and geographic spread of the 1889 influenza pandemic","volume":"107","author":"Valleron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib2","series-title":"La gripe de 1889-1890 en Madrid","author":"Garcia-Ferrero","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib3","series-title":"The impact of influenza: a global perspective","first-page":"30","article-title":"En miasmas to microscope: the Russian influenza pandemic in Hamilton","author":"Maris","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib4","series-title":"La Grip a Barcelona. Un greu problema espor\u00e0dic de salut p\u00fablica. Epid\u00e8mies de 1889-30 i 1918-1919. Cent anys de Salut P\u00fablica a Barcelona","first-page":"131","author":"Rodriguez Oca\u00f1a","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib5","series-title":"La Gripe. (Natulareza, Formas y Tratamiento)","author":"Teixeidor","year":"1889"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.050","article-title":"Age distribution of cases and deaths during the 1889 influenza pandemic","volume":"29","author":"Valtat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1716-7","article-title":"Mortality and transmissibility patterns of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Maricopa County, Arizona","volume":"16","author":"Cobos","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4536","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7063839","article-title":"Directly transmitted infections diseases: control by vaccination","volume":"215","author":"Anderson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2016.01.002","article-title":"A\u00a0generalized-growth model to characterize the early ascending phase of infectious disease outbreaks","volume":"15","author":"Viboud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"issue":"123","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2016.0659","article-title":"Characterizing the reproduction number of epidemics with early sub-exponential growth dynamics","volume":"13","author":"Chowell","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Soc Interface"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2006.0161","article-title":"Comparative estimation of the reproduction number for pandemic influenza from daily case notification data","volume":"4","author":"Chowell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Soc Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib12","series-title":"Mathematical and statistical estimation approaches in epidemiology","first-page":"103","article-title":"The effective reproduction number as a prelude to statistical estimation of time-dependent epidemic trends","author":"Nishiura","year":"2009"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e758","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000758","article-title":"Estimating individual and household reproduction numbers in an emerging epidemic","volume":"2","author":"Fraser","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.02.013","article-title":"Herald pandemic waves in 1918: importance for contemporary pandemic response strategies","volume":"28","author":"Simonsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-371","article-title":"Spatial-temporal excess mortality patterns of the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in Spain","volume":"14","author":"Chowell","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11059","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408290102","article-title":"Epidemiological evidence of an early wave of the 1918 influenza pandemic in New York City","volume":"102","author":"Olson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis745","article-title":"Age- and sex-specific mortality associated with the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in Kentucky","volume":"207","author":"Viboud","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2009.00125.x","article-title":"The Spanish influenza pandemic in occidental Europe (1918-1920) and victim age","volume":"4","author":"Erkoreka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001558","article-title":"Global mortality estimates for the 2009 influenza pandemic from the GLaMOR project: a modeling study","volume":"10","author":"Simonsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib20","first-page":"572","article-title":"On the doctrine of original antigenic sin","volume":"104","author":"Francis","year":"1960","journal-title":"Proc Am Philos Soc"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp0903906","article-title":"The signature features of influenza pandemics\u2013implications for policy","volume":"360","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym071","article-title":"Estimates of the reproduction numbers of Spanish influenza using morbidity data","volume":"36","author":"Vynnycky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7019","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03063","article-title":"Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza","volume":"432","author":"Mills","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"44-46","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.05.067","article-title":"Transmissibility and mortality impact of epidemic and pandemic influenza, with emphasis on the unusually deadly 1951 epidemic","volume":"24","author":"Viboud","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807008369","article-title":"Analyses of the 1957 (Asian) influenza pandemic in the United Kingdom and the impact of school closures","volume":"136","author":"Vynnycky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12439","article-title":"Severe mortality impact of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile","volume":"11","author":"Chowell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp394","article-title":"Estimates of the transmissibility of the 1968 (Hong Kong) influenza pandemic: evidence of increased transmissibility between successive waves","volume":"171","author":"Jackson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2011.00234.x","article-title":"Transmission parameters of the A\/H1N1 (2009) influenza virus pandemic: a review","volume":"5","author":"Bo\u00eblle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1086\/497153","article-title":"It's not about smoldering or neuraminidase: there were 2 variants of the A(H3N2) pandemic virus differing in internal genes","volume":"192","author":"Reichert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279717306841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279717306841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T02:21:52Z","timestamp":1760926912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1047279717306841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047279717306841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Age-specific excess mortality patterns and transmissibility during the 1889\u20131890 influenza pandemic in Madrid, Spain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.12.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}