{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:32:53Z","timestamp":1786984373966,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T05:20:37Z","timestamp":1657948837000},"page":"66-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of traumatic experiences, coping mechanisms, and workplace benefits on the mental health of U.S. public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-1940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahoua","family":"Kone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libby","family":"Horter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol Y.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Orquiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"Byrkit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Bryant-Genevier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Lopes-Cardozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.02.003","article-title":"Guide to understanding the 2019 novel coronavirus","volume":"95","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0002","unstructured":"Archived: WHO timeline - COVID-19. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/27-04-2020-who-timeline-covid-19. [accessed 01.11.21]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0003","unstructured":"WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. World Health Organization. https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/. [accessed 19.01.22]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0004","unstructured":"COVID data tracker weekly review. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/covid-data\/covidview\/index.html. [accessed 19.01.22]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100865","article-title":"Accelerated vaccine rollout is imperative to mitigate highly transmissible COVID-19 variants","volume":"35","author":"Sah","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01056-1","article-title":"Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA [published correction appears in Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Mar 8;:] [published correction appears in Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Jul 8;:]","volume":"5","author":"Loomba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7021e3","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections reported to CDC - United States, January 1-April 30, 2021","volume":"70","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7025e1","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination coverage among adults \u2014 United States, December 14, 2020\u2013May 22, 2021","volume":"70","author":"Diesel","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1920_20","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health system & sustainable development goal 3","volume":"151","author":"Khetrapal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1159\/000513733","article-title":"What we have learned from two decades of epidemics and pandemics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychological burden of frontline healthcare workers","volume":"90","author":"Busch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2008.59.1.91","article-title":"Coauthors for the impact of SARS Study. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Toronto hospital workers one to two years after the SARS outbreak","volume":"59","author":"Lancee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1212.060584","article-title":"Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak","volume":"12","author":"Maunder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerging Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2017.09.006","article-title":"Mental health of nurses working at a government-designated hospital during a MERS-CoV outbreak: a cross-sectional study","volume":"32","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6932a1","article-title":"Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic \u2014 United States, June 24\u201330, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Czeisler","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12493","article-title":"Explaining the rise and fall of psychological distress during the COVID-19 crisis in the United States: longitudinal evidence from the understanding America Study","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7040e3","article-title":"National and state trends in anxiety and depression severity scores among adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2020-2021","volume":"70","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246454","article-title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042752","article-title":"Protecting the front line: a cross-sectional survey analysis of the occupational factors contributing to healthcare workers\u2019 infection and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA","volume":"10","author":"Firew","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0019","article-title":"Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study in China","volume":"33","author":"Que","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000000932","article-title":"The Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS 2017): an Expanded Perspective on the State Health Agency Workforce","volume":"25","author":"Bogaert","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Public Health Manag Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4369","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18084369","article-title":"Public health workforce burnout in the COVID-19 response in the U.S","volume":"18","author":"Stone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7026e1","article-title":"Symptoms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicidal ideation among state, tribal, local, and territorial public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic \u2014 United States, March\u2013April 2021","volume":"70","author":"Bryant-Genevier","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0023","article-title":"Working Conditions and health status of 6,317 front line public health workers across five provinces in China during the covid-19 epidemic: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2014.07.018","article-title":"Enumeration of the governmental public health workforce, 2014","volume":"47","author":"Beck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2013a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.03.037","article-title":"Suicidal ideation reported on the PHQ9 and risk of suicidal behavior across age groups","volume":"215","author":"Rossom","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2016.06.006","article-title":"Suicidal ideation in persons with neurological conditions: prevalence, associations and validation of the PHQ-9 for suicidal ideation","volume":"42","author":"Altura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201200587","article-title":"Does response on the PHQ-9 Depression Questionnaire predict subsequent suicide attempt or suicide death?","volume":"64","author":"Simon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0030","first-page":"e8224","article-title":"Using generalized anxiety disorder-2 (GAD-2) and GAD-7 in a primary care setting","volume":"12","author":"Sapra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2553-z","article-title":"Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in ARDS survivors: validation of the Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6) [published correction appears in Crit Care. 2020 Feb 4;24(1):37]","volume":"23","author":"Hosey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.6000\/1929-6029.2015.04.03.7","article-title":"Multiple imputation by fully conditional specification for dealing with missing data in a large epidemiologic study","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Stat Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0033","series-title":"Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys","author":"Rubin","year":"1987"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/86.4.948","article-title":"small-sample degrees of freedom with multiple imputation","volume":"86","author":"Miscellanea","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2011.00771.x","article-title":"Regression shrinkage and selection via the Lasso: a retrospective","volume":"73","author":"Tibshirani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Royal Statist Soci Series B (Statist Methodol)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/19361653.2014.910483","article-title":"Family rejection, social isolation, and loneliness as predictors of negative health outcomes (depression, suicidal ideation, and sexual risk behavior) among thai male-to-female transgender adolescents","volume":"11","author":"Yadegarfard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J LGBT Youth"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.05.009","article-title":"Rapid systematic review: the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the mental health of children and adolescents in the context of COVID-19","volume":"59","author":"Loades","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1262-x","article-title":"Loneliness in the general population: prevalence, determinants and relations to mental health","volume":"17","author":"Beutel","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0039","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social support through religion and psychological well-being: COVID-19 and coping strategies in Indonesia [published online ahead of print, 2021 Jul 10]","author":"Saud","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Relig Health"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0040","article-title":"Loneliness, isolation, and social support factors in post-COVID-19 mental health","volume":"12","author":"Saltzman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12211","article-title":"Resilience, social support, and coping as mediators between COVID-19-related stressful experiences and acute stress disorder among college students in China","volume":"12","author":"Ye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Health Well Being"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13336","article-title":"Psychological resilience, coping behaviours and social support among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review of quantitative studies","author":"Labrague","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nurs Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113174","article-title":"Developing and testing a measure of COVID-19 organizational support of healthcare workers - results from Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia","volume":"291","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-11-38","article-title":"Providing web-based mental health services to at-risk women","volume":"11","author":"Lipman","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2036842","article-title":"A systematic review on technology-supported interventions to improve old-age social wellbeing: loneliness, social isolation, and connectedness","volume":"2020","author":"Ibarra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050893","article-title":"Assessing the effectiveness of intergenerational virtual service-learning intervention on loneliness and ageism: a pre-post study","volume":"10","author":"Ramamonjiarivelo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0047","article-title":"Flexible working conditions and their effects on employee health and wellbeing","volume":"2010","author":"Joyce","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12463","article-title":"COVID-19 and underinvestment in the public health infrastructure of the United States","volume":"98","author":"Maani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0049","series-title":"Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: international perspectives in research and practice","first-page":"127","article-title":"Individual effects of exposure to bullying at work","author":"Einarsen","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3569887","article-title":"Fear, worry and workplace harassment related to the COVID-19 epidemic among employees in Japan: prevalence and impact on mental and Physical Health","author":"Sasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"SSRN Electronic J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046620","article-title":"Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study","volume":"10","author":"Dye","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2014.08.010","article-title":"Outcomes of work\u2013life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: a study across seven cultures","volume":"85","author":"Haar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vocat Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2190\/PM.41.1.c","article-title":"Exercise for the treatment of depression and anxiety","volume":"41","author":"Carek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0237-8","article-title":"Healthy dietary indices and risk of depressive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [published correction appears in Mol Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 21;:] [published correction appears in Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 4;:]","volume":"24","author":"Lassale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2015.12.4.434","article-title":"Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns are related to depression: a case-control study","volume":"12","author":"Khosravi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2013.803506","article-title":"Factors associated with adverse mental health outcomes in locally recruited aid workers assisting Iraqi refugees in Jordan","volume":"22","author":"Eriksson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Aggress Maltreat Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21764","article-title":"Stress, mental health, and burnout in national humanitarian aid workers in Gulu, northern Uganda","volume":"25","author":"Ager","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030969","article-title":"Factors affecting mental health of local staff working in the Vanni region, Sri Lanka","volume":"5","author":"Cardozo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240146","article-title":"Why the COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic stressor","volume":"16","author":"Bridgland","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2017-000471","article-title":"Impact of ebola experiences and risk perceptions on mental health in Sierra Leone, July 2015","volume":"3","author":"Jalloh","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"}],"container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279722001442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279722001442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T02:29:04Z","timestamp":1760927344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1047279722001442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["S1047279722001442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of traumatic experiences, coping mechanisms, and workplace benefits on the mental health of U.S. public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.07.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}