{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T07:12:55Z","timestamp":1788592375780,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NICHD 1R01HD102319-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NICHD 1R01HD102319-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014576","name":"University of California Office of the President","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M21PR3278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M21PR3278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014576","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T12:12:43Z","timestamp":1730981563000},"page":"50-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Trends and disparities in violence-related injury morbidity among pregnant and postpartum individuals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Shaina Sta.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Margerison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Gemmill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandie","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thelma","family":"Hurd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidra","family":"Goldman-Mellor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Partner violence during pregnancy: Prevalence, effects, screening, and management","volume":"2","author":"Bailey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Women\u2019s Health Dove Med Press"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0191-6","article-title":"Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: Incidence and associated health behaviors in a rural population","volume":"11","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00653.x","article-title":"Domestic violence risk during and after pregnancy: Findings from a British longitudinal study","volume":"112","author":"Bowen","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1520-4","article-title":"Keeping family matters behind closed doors\u201d: Healthcare providers\u2019 perceptions and experiences of identifying and managing domestic violence during and after pregnancy","volume":"17","author":"McCauley","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-008-9158-7","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for recurrent intimate partner violence in a cohort of low-income inner-city women","volume":"23","author":"Sonis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Fam Violence"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2008.11.006","article-title":"Psychosocial problems and continued smoking during pregnancy","volume":"34","author":"Goedhart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260507313533","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and miscarriage: Examination of the role of physical and psychological abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"23","author":"Morland","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Inter Violence"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260507304551","article-title":"Intimate partner violence, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder as additional predictors of low birth weight infants among low-income mothers","volume":"22","author":"Rosen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Inter Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0218-z","article-title":"An exploration of maternal intimate partner violence experiences and infant general health and temperament","volume":"12","author":"Burke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2011.06.001","article-title":"The impact of emotional and physical violence during pregnancy on maternal and child health at one year post-partum","volume":"33","author":"McMahon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib11","unstructured":"Chambliss L.R. Intimate Partner Violence and its Implication for Pregnancy [Internet]. Available from: \u3008http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/clinicalobgyn\u3009."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1716","article-title":"Effects of intimate partner violence on pregnancy trauma and placental abruption","volume":"19","author":"Leone","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21752","article-title":"Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and maternal pregnancy complications among recently delivered women in Bangladesh","volume":"44","author":"Ferdos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aggress Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib14","unstructured":"Berenson A.B., Wiemann C.M., Wilkinson G.S., Jones W.A., Anderson G.D. Perinatal morbidity associated with violence experienced by pregnant women."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib15","article-title":"Physical Violence during Pregnancy and Its Implications at Birth: Analysis of a Population Survey, 2019","volume":"11","author":"Medrano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthc (Switz)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib16","unstructured":"Bennett L., Bland P.Substance Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence [Internet]. 2008. Available from: \u3008www.vawnet.org\u3009."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-015-0515-2","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and suicidal ideation in pregnant women","volume":"18","author":"Alhusen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Women\u2019s Ment Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1054\/midw.2002.0318","article-title":"Violence against pregnant women will remain hidden as long as no direct questions are asked","volume":"18","author":"Edin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.08.004","article-title":"Pregnant trauma victims experience nearly 2-fold higher mortality compared to their nonpregnant counterparts","volume":"217","author":"Deshpande","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib20","unstructured":"Campbell R., Bybee D. Emergency medical services for rape victims: Detecting the cracks in service delivery Organizational Practices and Policies that Support the Incorporation of Reproductive Coercion-Responsive Practices into Domestic Violence Service Provision View project NIMH-McKinney Service Demonstration For the Homeless Mentally Ill View project [Internet]. 1997. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/13895392\u3009."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004649","article-title":"Pregnancy-Associated Deaths Due to Drugs, Suicide, and Homicide in the United States, 2010-2019","volume":"139","author":"Margerison","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004932","article-title":"Pregnancy-Associated Homicide and Suicide: An Analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2008-2019","volume":"140","author":"Modest","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib23","first-page":"NP2652","article-title":"Pregnant Victims of Intimate Partner Homicide in the National Violent Death Reporting System Database, 2003\u20132014: A Descriptive Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Morrison","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Inter Violence"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31823294da","article-title":"Homicide and suicide during the perinatal period: Findings from the national violent death reporting system","volume":"118","author":"Palladino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.03.040","article-title":"Pregnancy-associated homicide and suicide in 37 US states with enhanced pregnancy surveillance","volume":"215","author":"Wallace","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib26","unstructured":"Saftlas A.F., Lawson H.W., Atrash H.K. From Data to Action: CDC\u2019s Public Health Surveillance for Women, Infants, and Children. Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.:129\u2013139."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib27","article-title":"The surgeon general\u2019s call to action to improve maternal health","volume":"37","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E743","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.109-4609","article-title":"New WHO guidelines on intimate-partner violence","volume":"185","author":"Eggertson","year":"2013","journal-title":"CMAJ: Can Med Assoc J = J De l\u2019Assoc Med Can"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002269","article-title":"Emergency department care in the postpartum period: California births, 2009-2011","volume":"130","author":"Batra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.06.020","article-title":"Emergency department use in the perinatal period: an opportunity for early intervention","volume":"70","author":"Malik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib31","first-page":"193","article-title":"Trauma-Informed Care for Violently Injured Patients in the Emergency Department","volume":"73","author":"Fischer","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-016-0223-z","article-title":"Maternal morbidity associated with violence and maltreatment from husbands and in-laws: Findings from Indian slum communities","volume":"13","author":"Silverman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12461","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit: a case-control study in Peru","volume":"47","author":"Ayala Quintanilla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000164468.06070.2a","article-title":"A prospective observational study of domestic violence during pregnancy level of evidence: II-2","volume":"106","author":"Yost","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1177\/0884217504269009","article-title":"Influences of income, education, age, and ethnicity on physical abuse before and during pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"Bohn","year":"2004","journal-title":"JOGNN - J Obstet, Gynecol, Neonatal Nurs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2020-200761","article-title":"Intimate partner violence among pregnant women reporting to the emergency department: findings from a nationwide sample","volume":"47","author":"Murugan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Sex Reprod Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575","article-title":"Declines in Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 2008\u20132011","volume":"374","author":"Finer","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1177\/0884217505281906","article-title":"Relationships between physical abuse during pregnancy and risk factors for preterm birth among women in Manitoba","volume":"34","author":"Heaman","year":"2005","journal-title":"JOGNN - J Obstet, Gynecol, Neonatal Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4103\/npmj.npmj_413_21","article-title":"Intimate partner violence among obstetric population at university of abuja teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria","volume":"28","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib40","unstructured":"California Department of Public Health. Overview of ICD 9 and 10 codes [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 9]. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdph.ca.gov\/Programs\/CCDPHP\/DCDIC\/SACB\/Pages\/EpiCenter\/OverviewofICD9and10codes.aspx\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib41","first-page":"2165","article-title":"The Measurement of Intimate Partner Violence Using International Classification of Diseases Diagnostic Codes: A Systematic Review","volume":"24","author":"Rebbe","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/1355819618781413","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and clinical coding: Issues with the use of the international classification of disease (ICD-10) in England","volume":"23","author":"Olive","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Health Serv Res Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib43","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture. Rural-Urban Commuting Area Codes [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Aug 9]. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/data-products\/rural-urban-commuting-area-codes\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib44","article-title":"Trends in and characteristics of drug overdose morbidity among pregnant and postpartum individuals in California, 2010-2018","author":"Goldman-Mellor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP10938","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260521990831","article-title":"Racial disparities in pregnancy-associated intimate partner homicide","volume":"37","author":"Kivisto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Inter Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib46","article-title":"Physical abuse around the time of pregnancy: an examination of prevalence and risk factors in 16 states 1","volume":"7","author":"Saltzman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reprod Health: Sci, Prev, Action"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2011.2891","article-title":"Rural disparity in domestic violence prevalence and access to resources","volume":"20","author":"Peek-Asa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1177\/00027162231173323","article-title":"Research on the effects of hospital-based violence intervention programs: observations and recommendations","volume":"704","author":"Webster","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Am Acad Political Soc Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2011.593260","article-title":"Developing a trauma-informed, emergency department-based intervention for victims of urban violence","volume":"12","author":"Corbin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma Dissociation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/JPN.0b013e31824356dd","article-title":"Safe mom, safe baby: A collaborative model of care for pregnant women experiencing intimate partner violence","volume":"26","author":"Kramer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Perinat Neonatal Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8875","article-title":"Pregnancy-associated deaths from homicide, suicide, and drug overdose: review of research and the intersection with intimate partner violence","volume":"30","author":"Campbell","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib52","article-title":"Screening for intimate partner violence by health care providers barriers and interventions","volume":"19","author":"Waalen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib53","first-page":"128","article-title":"The unique needs of pregnant, violence-exposed women: a systematic review of current interventions and directions for translational research","volume":"34","author":"Howell","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40621-021-00298-x","article-title":"Impact of ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM coding transition on trauma hospitalization trends among young adults in 12 states","volume":"8","author":"Sebasti\u00e3o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inj Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279724002539?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279724002539?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T21:52:33Z","timestamp":1778795553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1047279724002539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S1047279724002539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Trends and disparities in violence-related injury morbidity among pregnant and postpartum individuals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2024.11.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}