{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:47:33Z","timestamp":1777430853430,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001808","name":"Public Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T17:49:01Z","timestamp":1752601741000},"page":"73-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Race and neighborhood social determinants of premature cancer mortality in California adults, 2015\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6672-1183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil A.","family":"Maizlish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrienne","family":"Damicis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Delaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib1","unstructured":"Healthy People 2030 Workgroup. Reduce the Overall Cancer Death Rate \u2014 C\u201101. Washington, DC: Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2023. \u3008https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/browse-objectives\/cancer\u3009. [accessed 6.5.2024]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib2","first-page":"136","article-title":"American Cancer Society\u2019s report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2023","volume":"74","author":"Islami","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA A Cancer Journal Clinicians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib3","series-title":"Social Determinants of Health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919849882","article-title":"California healthy places index: frames matter","volume":"134","author":"Maizlish","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0316517","article-title":"The integration of health equity into policy to reduce disparities: lessons from California during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"20","author":"Kwan","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae418","article-title":"California mortality and the Healthy Places Index","author":"Maizlish","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib7","series-title":"California Comprehensive Master Death File (Static), 2015-2022","author":"California Department of Public Health","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib8","series-title":"Surveys (American Community Survey, Decennial Census)","author":"Census Bureau","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2007.00706.x","article-title":"Target-density weighting interpolation and uncertainty evaluation for temporal analysis of census data","volume":"39","author":"Schroeder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib10","unstructured":"Public Health Alliance of Southern California. Healthy Places Index. Oakland, CA: Public Health Institute; 2024. \u3008https:\/\/www.healthyplacesindex.org\u3009. [accessed 1.9.2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib11","series-title":"Tracking Social Determinants of Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic","author":"Drake","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib12","series-title":"When the Lights Are Turned on: Documenting the Impact of COVID-19 on California\u2019s Education Landscape","author":"Bishop","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-022-00856-1","article-title":"Disparate air pollution reductions during California\u2019s COVID-19 economic shutdown","volume":"5","author":"Bluhm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Sustain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106559","article-title":"COVID-19 impact on screening test volume through the National Breast and Cervical Cancer early detection program, January\u2013June 2020, in the United States","volume":"151","author":"DeGroff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib15","series-title":"COVID19 Economic Relief: Assistance for American Families and Workers","author":"U.S. Department of Treasury","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib16","unstructured":"California State Controller\u2019s Office. COVID-19 Relief and Assistance for Individuals and Families. Sacramento, CA: California State Controller\u2019s Office; 2022. \u3008https:\/\/www.sco.ca.gov\/covid19ReliefAndAssitanceIF.html#:\u223c:text=The%20Golden%20Stat%20Grant%20Program,other%20stat%20or%20federal%20assistance\u3009. [accessed 17.2.2025]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib17","series-title":"Healthy People Statistical Notes","article-title":"Age adjustment using the 2000 projected U.S. population","author":"Klein","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1080\/03610929908832411","article-title":"Approximate confidence intervals for rate ratios from directly standardized rates with sparse data","volume":"28","author":"Fay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Commun Stat Theory Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6632.1313","article-title":"Calculating confidence intervals for relative risks (odds ratios) and standardised ratios and rates","volume":"296","author":"Morris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib20","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"Core Team","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib21","first-page":"2","article-title":"National Center for Health Statistics Guidelines for Analysis of Trends","author":"Ingram","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib22","unstructured":"Center for Health Impact Evaluation. Recent Trends in Mortality Rates and Causes of Death Among People Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles County. Los Angeles, CA: Los Angeles County Department of Public Health; 2019. \u3008http:\/\/publichealth.lacounty.gov\/chie\/reports\/Homeless_Mortality_Report_2023.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djab192","article-title":"Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part 2: Patient economic burden associated with cancer care","volume":"113","author":"Yabroff","year":"2021","journal-title":"JNCI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib24","series-title":"Living Wage Calculator: Living Wage Calculation for California (Annual per capita living wage = (Hourly living wage x 2080 work hours\/y)\/(Number of persons in family type)","author":"Glasmeier","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib25","series-title":"Key Policies for Addressing the Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequities","author":"Saunders","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib26","series-title":"Investment for Health and Well-being: A Review of the Social Return on Investment from Public Health Policies to Support Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals by Building on Health 2020","author":"Dyakova","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib27","series-title":"The Community Guide: Community Preventive Services Task Force Findings","author":"Community Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib28","series-title":"Healthy Places Index\u00ae Policy Guides","author":"Public Health Alliance of Southern California","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib29","series-title":"Inequalities in mortality involving common physical health conditions, England: 21 March 2021 to 31 January 2023","author":"Office for National Statistics","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.12.904","article-title":"L. Changing area socioeconomic patterns in U.S. cancer mortality, 1950\u20131998: Part I\u2014All cancers among men","volume":"94","author":"Singh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib31","first-page":"703","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and breast cancer incidence in California for different race\/ethnic groups","volume":"12","author":"Yost","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib32","article-title":"Disparities in meeting USPSTF breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening guidelines among women in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Benavidez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev Chron Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.32288","article-title":"COVID-19 and rates of cancer diagnosis in the US","volume":"7","author":"Burus","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib34","series-title":"National Vital Statistics System on WONDER, Underlying Cause of Death 1999-2020 by Bridged-Race Categories and Underlying Cause of Death 2018-2023 by Single-Race Categories","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djad191","article-title":"Changes in cancer-related mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States","volume":"116","author":"Fedeli","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.030290","article-title":"Trends in cardiovascular disease mortality by county-level Social Vulnerability Index in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Terry","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2010.09.005","article-title":"The accuracy of cancer mortality statistics based on death certificates in the United States","volume":"35","author":"German","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib38","first-page":"2","article-title":"The validity of race and Hispanic-origin reporting on death certificates in the United States: an update","author":"Arias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib39","series-title":"SEER*Stat Database: Populations - Total U.S. (2006-2020), Census Tract Estimates by Race\/Origin Controlling to Vintage 2010 Tract Geographies","author":"Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12239","article-title":"Variation in health inequalities according to measures of socioeconomic status and age","volume":"38","author":"Mather","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Annals of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279725001620?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1047279725001620?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:49:48Z","timestamp":1761896988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1047279725001620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S1047279725001620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-2797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-2797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Race and neighborhood social determinants of premature cancer mortality in California adults, 2015\u20132021","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2025.07.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}