{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T07:36:00Z","timestamp":1782891360832,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,6]],"date-time":"2016-01-06T15:18:15Z","timestamp":1452093495000},"page":"187-190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"S.D.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Eweiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0005","first-page":"246","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approaches for repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks: nine year experience","volume":"58","author":"Locatelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.8.859","article-title":"Endonasal endoscopic repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"129","author":"Lopatin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200007000-00019","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a meta-analysis","volume":"110","author":"Hegazy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1333620","article-title":"Endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: the Charing Cross experience","volume":"74","author":"Virk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0025","first-page":"597","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal cerebrospinal fluid leak repair: a 10-year experience","volume":"13","author":"Gilat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.1.1.68-70.1994","article-title":"Detection of beta-2 transferrin in otorrhoea and rhinorrhoea in a routine clinical laboratory setting","volume":"1","author":"Normansell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812451090","article-title":"A systematic review of the endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"147","author":"Psaltis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199009000-00012","article-title":"Extracranial repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistulas: technique and results in 37 patients","volume":"27","author":"McCormack","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199609000-00015","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistulae and encephaloceles","volume":"106","author":"Lanza","year":"1996","journal-title":"Laryngosocpe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1080\/02688699646880","article-title":"Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage: risk factors and the use of prophylactic antibiotics","volume":"10","author":"Choi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814536688","article-title":"Risk factors for cerebrospinal leak after endoscopic skull base reconstruction with nasoseptal flap","volume":"151","author":"Gruss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2674-y","article-title":"Sandwich grafting technique for endoscopic endonasal repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea","volume":"271","author":"Saafan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21206","article-title":"Porcine small intestine submucosal graft for endoscopic skull base reconstruction","volume":"3","author":"Illing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-011-0431-3","article-title":"Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea our experience","volume":"65","author":"Deenadayal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e190","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2013.27.3986","article-title":"Effectiveness of lumbar drains on recurrence rates in endoscopic surgery of cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"27","author":"Albu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21188","article-title":"Acetazolamide for high intracranial pressure cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"3","author":"Chaaban","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0085","first-page":"201","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic treatment of cerebrospinal fluid leaks: 10\u00a0years experience","volume":"9","author":"Oles","year":"2013","journal-title":"B-ENT"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182684ac8","article-title":"Extracranial radial forearm free flap closure of refractory cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a novel hybrid transantral-endoscopic approach","volume":"71","author":"Sinha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin13.008","article-title":"Optimising outcomes in the management of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea","volume":"51","author":"Virk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24160","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak repair: a five-year prospective evaluation","volume":"124","author":"Chaaban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31821c6ad3","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of endoscopic repairs of sinonasal cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.JNS08986","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal repair of anterior skull base non-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks, meningoceles, and encephaloceles","volume":"113","author":"Nyquist","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.02.010","article-title":"Spontaneous CSF leaks: a paradigm for definitive repair and management of intracranial hypertension","volume":"138","author":"Woodworth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-12787","article-title":"Endonasal endoscopic closure of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"11","author":"Schmerber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.05.025","article-title":"Determinants of success in endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid leak repair","volume":"135","author":"Basu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2003.09.011","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal intradural repair of anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid fistulae","volume":"11","author":"Briggs","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(97)70292-4","article-title":"Contemporary management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"116","author":"Wax","year":"1997","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100139295","article-title":"\u201cBath-plug\u201d technique for the endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"111","author":"Wormald","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.107452","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks to the sinonasal tract: predictors of success","volume":"123","author":"Zweig","year":"2000","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-970556","article-title":"Transnasal transsphenoidal endoscopic repair of CSF leakage using multilayer acellular dermis","volume":"17","author":"Ismail","year":"2007","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690020024319","article-title":"CSF rhinorrhoea: the place of endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"15","author":"Marshall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200406000-00003","article-title":"Management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: the Medical College of Wisconsin experience","volume":"114","author":"Lindstrom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-870904","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistulas and encephaloceles: surgical indications and complications","volume":"48","author":"Marton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1159\/000073118","article-title":"Extensive tension pneumocephalus complicating continuous lumbar CSF drainage for the management of CSF rhinorrhoea","volume":"65","author":"Mirza","year":"2003","journal-title":"ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900609","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks and meningoencephaloceles","volume":"19","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-932188","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approach for cerebrospinal fluid fistulae","volume":"49","author":"Silva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1159\/000193219","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of supraorbital ethmoid cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"71","author":"Purkey","year":"2009","journal-title":"ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2009.03.004","article-title":"Localization and infliction pattern of iatrogenic skull base defects following endoscopic sinus surgery at a teaching hospital","volume":"36","author":"Bumm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240201600104","article-title":"Endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"16","author":"Lund","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.2500\/105065898780707900","article-title":"Middle turbinate graft for repair of cerebral spinal fluid leaks","volume":"12","author":"Marks","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0205","first-page":"179","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) in skull base repairs and CSF leakage","volume":"54","author":"Bachert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988910100507","article-title":"The osteo-mucoperiosteal flap in repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a 20-year experience","volume":"101","author":"Yessenow","year":"1989","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1053\/hn.1999.v121.a98754","article-title":"Endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea repair: is a lumbar drain necessary?","volume":"121","author":"Casiano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989411100510","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and skull base defects: a review of twenty-nine cases","volume":"111","author":"Dodson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-009-0026-4","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Manipal experience","volume":"61","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.3109\/00016481003602090","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal surgery for recurrent cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","volume":"130","author":"Cui","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2011.10.003","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of anterior or middle skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks after tumour resection","volume":"129","author":"Mortuaire","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Ann Otolaryngol Head Neck Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483070362","article-title":"Imaging of skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks in adults","volume":"248","author":"Lloyd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2500\/105065801781329356","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of endoscopic repair of CSF leaks and encephaloceles: a survey of members of the American Rhinologic Society","volume":"15","author":"Senior","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"}],"container-title":["European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879729615300016?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879729615300016?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T01:21:29Z","timestamp":1654046489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1879729615300016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1879729615300016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1879-7296"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1879-7296","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anorl.2015.05.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}