{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T02:53:30Z","timestamp":1771037610362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anales de Pediatr\u00eda (English Edition)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T12:32:29Z","timestamp":1768307549000},"page":"503936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Update on pharmacogenetics in pediatrics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Taladriz-Sender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Salvador-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Zapata-Cobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Andr\u00e9s","family":"L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Sanjurjo-S\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xandra","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0005","unstructured":"Agencia Espa\u00f1ola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios [Internet]. Base de datos de biomarcadores farmacogen\u00f3micos [accessed 9 Oct 2024]. Available from: https:\/\/www.aemps.gob.es\/medicamentos-de-uso-humano\/base-de-datos-de-biomarcadores-farmacogenomicos\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1554-6_18","article-title":"Ontogeny of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes","volume":"2342","author":"Thakur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-023-03598-x","article-title":"Challenges of pediatric pharmacotherapy: a narrative review of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics","volume":"80","author":"Watanabe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0020","unstructured":"Agencia Espa\u00f1ola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios [Internet]. CIMA: centro de informaci\u00f3n demedicamentos [accessed 9 Oct 2024]. Available from: https:\/\/cima.aemps.es\/cima\/publico\/home.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0025","unstructured":"Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Pediatr\u00eda [Internet]. Pediam\u00e9cum. Edici\u00f3n 2015 [accessed 9 Oct 2024]. Available from: https:\/\/www.aeped.es\/comite-medicamentos\/pediamecum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200215666140130124910","article-title":"Incorporation of pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practice: the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline development process","volume":"15","author":"Caudle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-022-01262-z","article-title":"Dutch pharmacogenetics working group (DPWG) guideline for the gene-drug interaction of CYP2D6 and COMT with atomoxetine and methylphenidate","volume":"31","author":"Nijenhuis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0040","series-title":"Recomendaciones de los Grupos de Trabajo para el gen CYP2D6 y la prescripci\u00f3n de atomoxetina","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.86","article-title":"Failure of proton pump inhibitors to treat GERD in neonates and infants: a question of drug, diagnosis, or design","volume":"92","author":"Shakhnovich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.2165\/00148581-200810040-00005","article-title":"Age-dependent pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole in neonates and infants","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Paediatric drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12589","article-title":"Novel Implementation of Genotype-Guided Proton Pump Inhibitor Medication Therapy in Children: A Pilot, Randomized, Multisite Pragmatic Trial","volume":"12","author":"Cicali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2019.01.009","article-title":"Genotype tailored treatment of mild symptomatic acid reflux in children with uncontrolled asthma (GenARA): rationale and methods","volume":"78","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2015","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline for CYP2C19 and proton pump inhibitor dosing","volume":"109","author":"Lima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2008.5","article-title":"The HLA genomic loci map: expression, interaction, diversity and disease","volume":"54","author":"Shiina","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1159\/000448217","article-title":"HLA and Delayed Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity","volume":"170","author":"Sousa-Pinto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.12.005","article-title":"Updates on the immunopathology and genomics of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions","volume":"151","author":"Gibson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.060137","article-title":"Developmental expression of human hepatic CYP2C9 and CYP2C19","volume":"308","author":"Koukouritaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0090","unstructured":"Agencia Espa\u00f1ola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. Ficha t\u00e9cnica voriconazol. Centro de informaci\u00f3n online de medicamentos (CIMA) [accessed 27 Jun 2025]. Available from: https:\/\/cima.aemps.es\/cima\/publico\/lista.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.029769","article-title":"In vitro hepatic metabolism explains higher clearance of voriconazole in children versus adults: role of CYP2C19 and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3","volume":"38","author":"Yanni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.14.53","article-title":"Voriconazole plasma concentrations in immunocompromised pediatric patients vary by CYP2C19 diplotypes","volume":"15","author":"Hicks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.583","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines for CYP2C19 and Voriconazole Therapy","volume":"102","author":"Moriyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.113","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines for CYP3A5 Genotype and Tacrolimus Dosing","volume":"98","author":"Birdwell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2011.08.001","article-title":"Age and CYP3A5 genotype affect tacrolimus dosing requirements after transplant in pediatric heart recipients","volume":"30","author":"Gijsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.210","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of tacrolimus in de novo pediatric kidney transplant recipients","volume":"86","author":"Zhao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-011-1083-7","article-title":"The interactions of age, genetics, and disease severity on tacrolimus dosing requirements after pediatric kidney and liver transplantation","volume":"67","author":"de Wildt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2011.01513.x","article-title":"Influence of CYP3A5 polymorphism on tacrolimus maintenance doses and serum levels after renal transplantation: age dependency and pharmacological interaction with steroids","volume":"15","author":"Ferraris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatric transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2827-2","article-title":"Effect of CYP3A5 genotype, steroids, and azoles on tacrolimus in a pediatric renal transplant population","volume":"29","author":"Lalan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2309","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for the Use of Aminoglycosides Based on MT-RNR1 Genotype","volume":"111","author":"McDermott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastrohep.2017.11.007","article-title":"Recommendations of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn\u2019s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on the use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"41","author":"Bermejo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0150","article-title":"Combined evaluation of genotype and phenotype of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) in the clinical management of patients in chronic therapy with azathioprine","volume":"34","author":"Rucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pers Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1304","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for Thiopurine Dosing Based on TPMT and NUDT15 Genotypes: 2018 Update","volume":"105","author":"Relling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0160","first-page":"349","article-title":"Personalizing atomoxetine dosing in children with ADHD: what can we learn from current supporting evidence","volume":"79","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2015.0137","article-title":"Atomoxetine: a review of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics relative to drug disposition","volume":"26","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000246056.83791.b6","article-title":"CYP2D6 and clinical response to atomoxetine in children and adolescents with ADHD","volume":"46","author":"Michelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-02859-2","article-title":"Individualized atomoxetine response and tolerability in children with ADHD receiving different dosage regimens: the need for CYP2D6 genotyping and therapeutic drug monitoring to dance together","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1477","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2B6 and Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy","volume":"106","author":"Desta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2021-0135","article-title":"Sertraline dosing trends in children and adolescents stratified by CYP2C19 genotype","volume":"23","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2903","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline for CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, SLC6A4, and HTR2A genotypes and serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants","volume":"114","author":"Bousman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.03.064","article-title":"Variants in ADRB1 and CYP2C9: Association with Response to Atenolol and Losartan in Marfan Syndrome","volume":"222","author":"Van Driest","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936_bib0200","article-title":"Influence of cytochrome P450 2D6 polymorphisms on the efficacy of oral propranolol in treating infantile hemangioma","volume":"2020","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"}],"container-title":["Anales de Pediatr\u00eda (English Edition)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2341287925004703?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2341287925004703?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:24:35Z","timestamp":1769012675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2341287925004703"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2341287925004703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936","relation":{},"ISSN":["2341-2879"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2341-2879","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Update on pharmacogenetics in pediatrics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Anales de Pediatr\u00eda (English Edition)","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anpede.2025.503936","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anpedi.2025.503936","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Pediatr\u00eda. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"503936"}}