{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:45:30Z","timestamp":1760550330605,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,17]],"date-time":"2017-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":77,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006753","name":"AMC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T22:45:52Z","timestamp":1501022752000},"page":"87-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Viral minority variants in the core promoter and precore region identified by deep sequencing are associated with response to peginterferon and adefovir in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3371-7492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis","family":"Jansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthijs R.A.","family":"Welkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karel A.","family":"van Dort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Bart","family":"Takkenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uri","family":"Lopatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans L.","family":"Zaaijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menno D.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hendrik W.","family":"Reesink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9429-7754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neeltje A.","family":"Kootstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69374-4","article-title":"Causes of death after diagnosis of hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection: a large community-based linkage study","volume":"368","author":"Amin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib2","article-title":"Deep sequencing shows that HBV basal core promoter and precore variants reduce the likelihood of HBsAg loss following tenofovir disoproxil fumarate therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B","author":"Bayliss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.089722","article-title":"Predicting response to peginterferon alpha-2a, lamivudine and the two combined for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"56","author":"Bonino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27586","article-title":"Adding pegylated interferon to entecavir for hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B: a multicenter randomized trial (ARES study)","volume":"61","author":"Brouwer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5845","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.9.5845-5851.1996","article-title":"Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication","volume":"70","author":"Buckwold","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.08.061","article-title":"Factors that predict response of patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B to peginterferon-alfa","volume":"137","author":"Buster","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290352","article-title":"Different hepatitis B virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion","volume":"29","author":"Chan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06429.x","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotype B results in better immediate, late and sustained responses to peginterferon-alfa in hepatitis-B-e-antigen-positive patients","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.1.16-21.2002","article-title":"Precore stop mutant in HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B: clinical characteristics and correlation with the course of HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion","volume":"40","author":"Chu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310323","article-title":"Mutations of the core promoter and response to interferon treatment in chronic replicative hepatitis B","volume":"31","author":"Erhardt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000074","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000074","article-title":"Viral population estimation using pyrosequencing","volume":"4","author":"Eriksson","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.010","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"57","author":"European Association for the Study of the L","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112306","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112306","article-title":"Clinical application of estimating hepatitis B virus quasispecies complexity by massive sequencing: correlation between natural evolution and on-treatment evolution","volume":"9","author":"Homs","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib14","first-page":"1824","article-title":"An intrahepatic transcriptional signature of enhanced immune activity predicts response to peginterferon in chronic hepatitis B","volume":"35","author":"Jansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int. Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17701-0","article-title":"Pegylated interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with lamivudine for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: a randomised trial","volume":"365","author":"Janssen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043470","article-title":"Peginterferon Alfa-2a, lamivudine, and the combination for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B","volume":"352","author":"Lau","year":"2005","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-3-199","article-title":"ANDES: statistical tools for the ANalyses of DEep sequencing","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23190","article-title":"Chronic hepatitis B: update 2009","volume":"50","author":"Lok","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4077","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.9.4077","article-title":"Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pre-genome encapsidation signal","volume":"91","author":"Lok","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040431","article-title":"Peginterferon alfa-2a alone, lamivudine alone, and the two in combination in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"351","author":"Marcellin","year":"2004","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61425-1","article-title":"Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study","volume":"381","author":"Marcellin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib22","first-page":"294A","article-title":"HBsAg loss with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus peginterferon alfa-2a (PEG) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB): results of a global randomized controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Marcellin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1086\/597808","article-title":"Ultra-deep pyrosequencing of hepatitis B virus quasispecies from nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-treated patients and NRTI-naive patients","volume":"199","author":"Margeridon-Thermet","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1159\/000072431","article-title":"Low HBeAg serum levels correlate with the presence of the double A1762T\/G1764A core promoter mutation and a positive response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"46","author":"Marrone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035052","article-title":"Dynamics of hepatitis B virus quasispecies in association with nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment determined by ultra-deep sequencing","volume":"7","author":"Nishijima","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6601","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.12.6601-6612.2003","article-title":"Genome replication, virion secretion, and e antigen expression of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus core promoter mutants","volume":"77","author":"Parekh","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26383","article-title":"Characterization of the dynamics of hepatitis B virus resistance to adefovir by ultra-deep pyrosequencing","volume":"58","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25636","article-title":"Presence of precore and core promoter mutants limits the probability of response to peginterferon in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B","volume":"56","author":"Sonneveld","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2580","article-title":"Baseline hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as predictor of sustained HBsAg loss in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon-alpha2a and adefovir","volume":"18","author":"Takkenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.07.005","article-title":"Low pretreatment serum HBsAg level and viral mutations as predictors of response to PEG-interferon alpha-2b therapy in chronic hepatitis B","volume":"46","author":"Tangkijvanich","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Virol. Off. Publ. Pan Am. Soc. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.11.007","article-title":"Dissecting the divergent effects of interferon-alpha on immune cells: time to rethink combination therapy in chronic hepatitis B?","volume":"58","author":"Thimme","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1841","article-title":"Effect of host and viral factors on hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients receiving pegylated interferon-alpha-2a therapy","volume":"16","author":"Tseng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26121","article-title":"Distinct evolution and predictive value of hepatitis B virus precore and basal core promoter mutations in interferon-induced hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion","volume":"57","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166354217301626?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166354217301626?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T12:26:49Z","timestamp":1759062409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166354217301626"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0166354217301626"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-3542"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0166-3542"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Viral minority variants in the core promoter and precore region identified by deep sequencing are associated with response to peginterferon and adefovir in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Antiviral Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.07.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}