{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:10:09Z","timestamp":1777954209061,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG18855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG18855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Padua","award":["PDA141311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDA141311"]}]},{"name":"University of Torino"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004710","name":"Fondazione Umberto Veronesi","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Grant 2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T20:42:51Z","timestamp":1513888971000},"page":"130-136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Repurposing the clinically approved calcium antagonist manidipine dihydrochloride as a new early inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus targeting the Immediate-Early 2 (IE2) protein"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Mercorelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Luganini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Celegato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Pal\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Gribaudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Loregian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S263","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M116.065375","article-title":"Kinome profiling identifies druggable targets for novel human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antivirals","volume":"16","author":"Arend","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.3.1428-1437.2005","article-title":"The phosphorylation status of the serine-rich region of the human cytomegalovirus 86-kilodalton major immediate-early protein IE2\/IEP86 affects temporal viral gene expression","volume":"79","author":"Barrasa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.12.006","article-title":"Identification of compounds with anti-human cytomegalovirus activity that inhibit production of IE2 proteins","volume":"138","author":"Beelontally","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12881","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01525-09","article-title":"Importance of covalent and noncovalent SUMO interactions with the major human cytomegalovirus transactivator IE2p86 for viral infection","volume":"83","author":"Berndt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.11.002","article-title":"Recent advances in cytomegalovirus: an update on pharmacologic and cellular therapies","volume":"21","author":"Boeckh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib6","first-page":"417","article-title":"Manifestations of human cytomegalovirus infection: proposed mechanisms of acute and chronic disease","volume":"325","author":"Britt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6875","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06310-11","article-title":"The US16 gene of human cytomegalovirus is required for efficient viral infection of endothelial and epithelial cells","volume":"86","author":"Bronzini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1873","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus antiviral drug resistance in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current state of the art","volume":"26","author":"Campos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.03.057","article-title":"Progress on pursuit of human cytomegalovirus vaccines for prevention of congenital infection and disease","volume":"32","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2014.10.011","article-title":"Development of a high-content screen for the identification of inhibitors directed against the early steps of the cytomegalovirus infectious cycle","volume":"113","author":"Gardner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002498","article-title":"The intracellular DNA sensor IFI16 gene acts as restriction factor for human cytomegalovirus replication","volume":"8","author":"Gariano","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-83-12-2983","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus infection induces cellular thymidylate synthase gene expression in quiescent fibroblasts","volume":"83","author":"Gribaudo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15388","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.24.15388-15397.2005","article-title":"Production of infectious human cytomegalovirus virions is inhibited by drugs that disrupt calcium homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"79","author":"Isler","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.535","article-title":"Review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection","volume":"17","author":"Kenneson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2005.12.002","article-title":"Selective anti-cytomegalovirus compounds discovered by screening for inhibitors of subunit interactions of the viral polymerase","volume":"13","author":"Loregian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01730-09","article-title":"The 6-aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication at an early stage by interfering with the transactivating activity of viral immediate-early 2 protein","volume":"54","author":"Loregian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.03927.x","article-title":"New cell-based indicator assays for the detection of human cytomegalovirus infection and screening of inhibitors of viral immediate-early 2 protein activity","volume":"105","author":"Luganini","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00715","article-title":"Bioactive molecules released from cells infected with the human cytomegalovirus","volume":"7","author":"Luganini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.01.024","article-title":"Characterization of a thienylcarboxamide derivative that inhibits the transactivation functions of cytomegalovirus IE2 and varicella zoster virus IE62","volume":"140","author":"Majima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00062-12","article-title":"The \u201csilent\u201d global burden of congenital cytomegalovirus","volume":"26","author":"Manicklal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201300106","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and evaluation of WC5 analogues as inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus Immediate-Early 2 protein, a promising target for anti-HCMV treatment","volume":"8","author":"Massari","year":"2013","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464170-00011","article-title":"Manidipine: a review of its use in the management of hypertension","volume":"64","author":"McKeage","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.04.007","article-title":"Early inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus: state-of-art and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"131","author":"Mercorelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6615","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03309-14","article-title":"The 6-Aminoquinolone WC5 inhibits different functions of the immediate-early 2 (IE2) protein of human cytomegalovirus that are essential for viral replication","volume":"58","author":"Mercorelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2015.12.012","article-title":"Drug repurposing approach identifies inhibitors of the prototypic viral transcription factor IE2 that block human cytomegalovirus replication","volume":"23","author":"Mercorelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00988-08","article-title":"A 6-aminoquinolone compound, WC5, with potent and selective anti-human cytomegalovirus activity","volume":"53","author":"Mercorelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.558","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus DNA replication: antiviral targets and drugs","volume":"18","author":"Mercorelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib28","series-title":"Fields Virology","first-page":"1960","article-title":"Cytomegaloviruses","author":"Mocarski","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6247","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119817109","article-title":"Small molecule inhibitors of influenza A and B viruses that act by disrupting subunit interactions of the viral polymerase","volume":"109","author":"Muratore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-788-4_2","article-title":"Overview of human cytomegalovirus pathogenesis","volume":"1119","author":"Nogalski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(87)90268-6","article-title":"Ca2+ responses in cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts of human origin","volume":"157","author":"Nokta","year":"1987","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1086\/323425","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus immediate-early messenger RNA in blood of pregnant women with primary infection and of congenitally infected newborns","volume":"184","author":"Revello","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03189339","article-title":"Food effect on the oral bioavailability of Manidipine: single dose, randomized, crossover study in healthy male subjects","volume":"23","author":"Rosillon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.5.2754-2767.2005","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus labeled with green fluorescent protein for live analysis of intracellular particle movements","volume":"79","author":"Sampaio","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560802678138","article-title":"Antiviral treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and resistant strains","volume":"10","author":"Schreiber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib36","first-page":"133","article-title":"Functional roles of the human cytomegalovirus essential IE86 protein","volume":"325","author":"Stinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.05.004","article-title":"RO0504985 is an inhibitor of CMGC kinase proteins and has anti-human cytomegalovirus activity","volume":"144","author":"Strang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib38","first-page":"397","article-title":"Mechanisms of cytomegalovirus-accelerated vascular disease: induction of paracrine factors that promote angiogenesis and wound healing","volume":"325","author":"Streblow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.01.032","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus infection is a novel etiology for essential hypertension","volume":"76","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166354217306241?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166354217306241?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]],"date-time":"2018-08-25T00:23:00Z","timestamp":1535156580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166354217306241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0166354217306241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-3542"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-3542","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Repurposing the clinically approved calcium antagonist manidipine dihydrochloride as a new early inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus targeting the Immediate-Early 2 (IE2) protein","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Antiviral Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.12.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}