{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T12:11:43Z","timestamp":1778933503850,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202108080189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202108080189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T23:51:50Z","timestamp":1709250710000},"page":"69-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Personalized treatment concepts in extraocular cancer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Sitong","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander C.","family":"Rokohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9195-0770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongwei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7143-6707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanlin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludwig M.","family":"Heindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1187","article-title":"Incidence estimate of nonmelanoma skin cancer (keratinocyte carcinomas) in the U.S. Population, 2012","volume":"151","author":"Rogers","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.09.012","article-title":"Expanded access study of patients with advanced basal\u00a0\u200bcell carcinoma treated with the Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, vismodegib","volume":"70","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-1956","article-title":"U.S. Food and drug administration approval: vismodegib for recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic basal cell carcinoma","volume":"19","author":"Axelson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib4","first-page":"322","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma and BRAF inhibitor therapy","volume":"5","author":"Pahlitzsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib5","first-page":"21","article-title":"Therapy failure and resistance mechanism in eyelid and ocular surface tumors","volume":"30","author":"Ju","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosignals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-019-01034-z","article-title":"Personalized medicine in the treatment of periocular tumors\u202f: targeted treatment and use of immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"117","author":"Rokohl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2010.00735.x","article-title":"Basal cell carcinoma: what\u2019s new under the sun","volume":"86","author":"Dessinioti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.4070","article-title":"Anatomical distributions of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in a population-based study in queensland, Australia","volume":"153","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15577","article-title":"Anatomical distribution of basal cell carcinoma in Israel using relative tumor density scores","volume":"60","author":"Winder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6s","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.03.023","article-title":"Advanced basal cell carcinoma: what dermatologists need to know about diagnosis","volume":"86","author":"Krakowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8886","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29110699","article-title":"An epidemiological update on indoor tanning and the risk of skin cancers","volume":"29","author":"Dessinioti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu356","article-title":"Indoor tanning and the MC1R genotype: risk prediction for basal cell carcinoma risk in young people","volume":"181","author":"Molinaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz089","article-title":"Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: molecular ancillary testing and reappraisal of histopathology within a rare entity","volume":"152","author":"Laga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12703","article-title":"A\u00a0case-control study of MC1R variants in Greek patients with basal cell carcinoma: increased risk independently of pigmentary characteristics","volume":"24","author":"Dessinioti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.231","article-title":"MC1R gene variants and non-melanoma skin cancer: a pooled-analysis from the M-SKIP project","volume":"113","author":"Tagliabue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15738","article-title":"From basal cell carcinoma morphogenesis to the alopecia induced by hedgehog inhibitors: connecting the dots","volume":"177","author":"Dessinioti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2503","article-title":"Basal cell carcinomas: attack of the hedgehog","volume":"8","author":"Epstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20176544","article-title":"Molecular basis of basal cell carcinoma","volume":"92","author":"Montagna","year":"2017","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-014-0069-y","article-title":"Advanced basal cell carcinoma: epidemiology and therapeutic innovations","volume":"3","author":"Mohan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Dermatol Rep"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.08.049","article-title":"GDC-0449-a potent inhibitor of the hedgehog pathway","volume":"19","author":"Robarge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2745","article-title":"Phase I trial of hedgehog pathway inhibitor vismodegib (GDC-0449) in patients with refractory, locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors","volume":"17","author":"LoRusso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00222.x","article-title":"Identification of mutations in the human PATCHED gene in sporadic basal cell carcinomas and in patients with the basal cell nevus syndrome","volume":"110","author":"Aszterbaum","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib23","series-title":"Erivedge. Summary of Product Characteristics","author":"Agency","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.08.022","article-title":"Vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: primary analysis of STEVIE, an international, open-label trial","volume":"86","author":"Basset-S\u00e9guin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3286-5","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: final update of the pivotal ERIVANCE BCC study","volume":"17","author":"Sekulic","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib26","article-title":"Vismodegib in neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma: first results of a multicenter, open-label, phase 2 trial (VISMONEO study): neoadjuvant Vismodegib in Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma","volume":"35","author":"Bertrand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1240","DOI":"10.1002\/onco.13820","article-title":"Vismodegib for preservation of visual function in patients with advanced periocular basal cell carcinoma: the VISORB trial","volume":"26","author":"Kahana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18552","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of sonidegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: 42-month analysis of the phase II randomized, double-blind BOLT study","volume":"182","author":"Dummer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1708701","article-title":"Update on keratinocyte carcinomas","volume":"379","author":"Nehal","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12553","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: epidemiology, classification, management, and novel trends","volume":"54","author":"Kallini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198916040-00002","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of 5-fluorouracil","volume":"16","author":"Diasio","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib32","first-page":"20","article-title":"Interferon: mechanisms of action and clinical value","volume":"2","author":"Houglum","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-199010000-00002","article-title":"Mitomycin C: mechanism of action, usefulness and limitations","volume":"1","author":"Verweij","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anti Cancer Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib34","first-page":"51","volume":"15","author":"Gibson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.02.013","article-title":"Clinical survey of 1643 melanocytic and nonmelanocytic conjunctival tumors","volume":"111","author":"Shields","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-019-0150-5","article-title":"Update on pharmacotherapy for ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"6","author":"Al Bayyat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye Vis (Lond)."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.79","article-title":"Clinical outcome of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva","volume":"28","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318235c4d3","article-title":"Intraocular extension of conjunctival invasive squamous cell carcinoma after pterygium surgery and cataract extraction","volume":"38","author":"Rootman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2007.07.004","article-title":"Epidermal growth factor receptor: a novel biomarker for aggressive head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"39","author":"Ch'ng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iop.0000202609.92772.c3","article-title":"Expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Shepler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802656","article-title":"Platinum-based chemotherapy plus cetuximab in head and neck cancer","volume":"359","author":"Vermorken","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr367","article-title":"Phase II study of the combination of cetuximab and weekly paclitaxel in the first-line treatment of patients with recurrent and\/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck","volume":"23","author":"Hitt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa053422","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck","volume":"354","author":"Bonner","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib44","author":"Fda"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805131","article-title":"PD-1 blockade with cemiplimab in advanced cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma","volume":"379","author":"Migden","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90161-6","article-title":"Epidemiologic characteristics and clinical course of patients with malignant eyelid tumors in an incidence cohort in Olmsted county, Minnesota","volume":"106","author":"Cook","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.12.002","article-title":"Melanoma of the eyelid and periocular skin: histopathologic classification and molecular pathology","volume":"64","author":"Mancera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-016-0932-4","article-title":"Long term cosmetic and functional results of one stage reconstruction for lower eyelid malignant melanoma: a single centre experience of eleven patients","volume":"17","author":"Pinto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21224","article-title":"Recent developments in the medical and surgical treatment of melanoma. Ca -","volume":"64","author":"Saranga-Perry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers6031328","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2017-0305","article-title":"Avelumab and other recent advances in Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Bommareddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-016-0355-0","article-title":"[Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid. An often unrecognized tumor entity\u202f: clinical aspects and treatment strategies]","volume":"114","author":"Hoerster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib53","first-page":"727","article-title":"PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115489","article-title":"Prognostic role of tumoral PD-L1 and Ido1 expression, and intratumoral CD8+ and FoxP3+ lymphocyte infiltrates in 132 primary cutaneous merkel cell carcinomas","volume":"22","author":"Donizy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0261-5","article-title":"PD-1 (PDCD1) promoter methylation in Merkel cell carcinoma: prognostic relevance and relationship with clinico-pathological parameters","volume":"32","author":"Ricci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib56","article-title":"Avelumab in patients with previously treated metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: long-term data and biomarker analyses from the single-arm phase 2 JAVELIN Merkel 200 trial","volume":"8","author":"D'Angelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib57","article-title":"First-line avelumab in a cohort of 116 patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (JAVELIN Merkel 200): primary and biomarker analyses of a phase II study","volume":"9","author":"D'Angelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib58","article-title":"Real-world clinical outcomes with avelumab in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma treated in the USA: a multicenter chart review study","volume":"10","author":"Bhatia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib59","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of avelumab treatment in patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: experience from a global expanded access program","volume":"8","author":"Walker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12065","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5890","article-title":"Avelumab for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma-A multicenter real-world experience in Israel","volume":"12","author":"Averbuch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib61","series-title":"FDA Approves Pembrolizumab for Merkel Cell Carcinoma","year":"2018"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603702","article-title":"PD-1 blockade with pembrolizumab in advanced merkel-cell carcinoma","volume":"374","author":"Nghiem","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01896","article-title":"Durable tumor regression and overall survival in patients with advanced merkel cell carcinoma receiving pembrolizumab as first-line therapy","volume":"37","author":"Nghiem","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.06.001","article-title":"Advances in the management of conjunctival melanoma","volume":"62","author":"Vora","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-018-0419-3","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma - epidemiological trends and features","volume":"24","author":"Ka\u0161telan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.06.021","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma: outcomes based on tumor origin in 382 consecutive cases","volume":"118","author":"Shields","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01508-y","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma: outcomes based on tumour origin in 629 patients at a single ocular oncology centre","volume":"36","author":"Pacheco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1586\/17469899.2014.921119","article-title":"Management of conjunctival malignant melanoma: a review and update","volume":"9","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expet Rev Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-018-0664-6","article-title":"[Conjunctival melanoma : standard operating procedures in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care]","volume":"115","author":"Glossmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13007","article-title":"BRAF mutations in conjunctival melanoma: investigation of incidence, clinicopathological features, prognosis and paired premalignant lesions","volume":"94","author":"Larsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13153836","article-title":"Definition of biologically distinct groups of conjunctival melanomas according to etiological factors and implications for precision medicine","volume":"13","author":"Gardrat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.01.016","article-title":"Mutational landscape and outcomes of conjunctival melanoma in 101 patients","volume":"129","author":"Lally","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115784","article-title":"Molecular genetics of conjunctival melanoma and prognostic value of TERT promoter mutation analysis","volume":"22","author":"van Poppelen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-200412000-00003","article-title":"BRAF mutations are detectable in conjunctival but not uveal melanomas","volume":"14","author":"Spendlove","year":"2004","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.4149\/neo_2020_190815N768","article-title":"Presence and prevalence of UV related genetic mutations in uveal melanoma: similarities with cutaneous melanoma","volume":"67","author":"Goh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.09.008","article-title":"Comprehensive genetic landscape of uveal melanoma by whole-genome sequencing","volume":"99","author":"Royer-Bertrand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58021","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10770","article-title":"Targeting of the MAPK and AKT pathways in conjunctival melanoma shows potential synergy","volume":"8","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000452473","article-title":"Systemic BRAF\/MEK inhibitors as a potential treatment option in metastatic conjunctival melanoma","volume":"3","author":"Mor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Oncol Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2545","article-title":"Immunogenic and tolerogenic cell death","volume":"9","author":"Green","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.030","article-title":"Immune checkpoint targeting in cancer therapy: toward combination strategies with curative potential","volume":"161","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.58","article-title":"Safety profiles of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies alone and in combination","volume":"13","author":"Boutros","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00500-3","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma: current treatments and future options","volume":"21","author":"Grimes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2020.05.005","article-title":"Efficacy of ipilimumab after anti-PD-1 therapy in sequential treatment of metastatic melanoma patients - real world evidence","volume":"65","author":"Cybulska-Stopa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(05)80054-2","article-title":"Ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e3181e246e5","article-title":"Ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"50","author":"Kiire","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib86","volume":"79","author":"Hollhumer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Surf Squamous Neoplasia: Popul Demogr, Pathog Risk Factors"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01422-3","article-title":"Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: management and outcomes","volume":"35","author":"H\u04e7llhumer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.02.034","article-title":"Topical 5-fluorouracil 1% as primary treatment for ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"123","author":"Joag","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.11.007","article-title":"Comparison of topical 5-fluorouracil and interferon alfa-2b as primary treatment modalities for ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"199","author":"Venkateswaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.385","article-title":"Topical interferon alfa-2b for management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in 23 cases: outcomes based on American Joint Committee on Cancer classification","volume":"130","author":"Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000104","article-title":"Topical interferon \u03b1-2b as a single therapy for primary ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"4","author":"Kusumesh","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1665_20","article-title":"Primary treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia with topical interferon alpha-2b: comparative analysis of outcomes based on original tumor configuration","volume":"69","author":"Shields","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.086850","article-title":"Complications of mitomycin C therapy in 100 eyes with ocular surface neoplasia","volume":"90","author":"Khong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181ac4c39","article-title":"Long-term results of topical mitomycin C 0.02% for primary and recurrent conjunctival-corneal intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"25","author":"Ballalai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.176099","article-title":"Topical mitomycin C chemotherapy in the management of ocular surface neoplasia: a 10-year review of treatment outcomes and complications","volume":"94","author":"Russell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.09.026","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of topical mitomycin C for ocular surface squamous neoplasia: early resolution","volume":"114","author":"Hirst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5659","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S285752","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of subconjunctival\/perilesional 5-fluorouracil injections for ocular surface squamous neoplasia","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des Dev Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.03.052","article-title":"Subconjunctival\/perilesional recombinant interferon \u03b12b for ocular surface squamous neoplasia: a 10-year review","volume":"117","author":"Karp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3182a6ea6c","article-title":"Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: a survey of changes in the standard of care from 2003 to 2012","volume":"32","author":"Adler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.11.035","article-title":"Giant ocular surface squamous neoplasia managed with interferon alpha-2b as immunotherapy or immunoreduction","volume":"119","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000148314.86557.6a","article-title":"Topical 0.002% mitomycin C for the treatment of conjunctival-corneal intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Prabhasawat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30055-4","article-title":"Mitomycin C treatment for conjunctival-corneal intraepithelial neoplasia: a multicenter experience","volume":"104","author":"Frucht-Pery","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-26894","article-title":"PD-L1\/PD1 expression, composition of tumor-associated immune infiltrate, and HPV status in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"60","author":"Nagarajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.12.020","article-title":"Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 and programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 are expressed in conjunctival invasive squamous cell carcinoma: therapeutic implications","volume":"200","author":"Wolkow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03458-6","article-title":"PD-1 inhibition therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis from the University of Southern California","volume":"147","author":"In","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.09.027","article-title":"Immunotherapy for conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma with orbital extension","volume":"128","author":"Demirci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib107","article-title":"Long lasting response to anti-PD-1 therapy of recurrent conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma - a case report and systematic review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cancer: Case Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1159\/000497473","article-title":"Dabrafenib and trametinib for BRAF-mutated conjunctival melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Oncol Pathol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6329","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2007","article-title":"Conjunctival melanomas harbor BRAF and NRAS mutations","volume":"19","author":"Weber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-0163","article-title":"Conjunctival melanomas harbor BRAF and NRAS mutations and copy number changes similar to cutaneous and mucosal melanomas","volume":"19","author":"Griewank","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2657-7","article-title":"A\u00a0case report of a patient with metastatic ocular melanoma who experienced a response to treatment with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib","volume":"16","author":"Maleka","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib112","first-page":"2017","article-title":"Systemic treatment of metastatic conjunctival melanoma","author":"Pinto Torres","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e114","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000833","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma responsive to combined systemic BRAF\/MEK inhibitors","volume":"33","author":"Glass","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00232","article-title":"Dabrafenib and trametinib in BRAF mutant metastatic conjunctival melanoma","volume":"9","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib115","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma and cell-free DNA regression with ipilimumab\/nivolumab and stereotactic radiosurgery","author":"Francis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e152","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000002407","article-title":"Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition in metastatic conjunctival melanoma","volume":"39","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100971","article-title":"Conjunctival melanoma: new insights in tumour genetics and immunology, leading to new therapeutic options","volume":"86","author":"Brouwer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"}],"container-title":["Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667376224000118?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667376224000118?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:35:46Z","timestamp":1778931346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667376224000118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2667376224000118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-3762"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-3762","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Personalized treatment concepts in extraocular cancer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Zhejiang University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}