{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T13:45:44Z","timestamp":1787579144861,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,31]],"date-time":"2010-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AORN Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Anesthetic agents were developed in the 1700s, and nitrous oxide was first used in 1884. Research on the effects of waste anesthetic gas exposure started appearing in the literature in 1967. Short\u2010term exposure causes lethargy and fatigue, and long\u2010term exposure may be linked to spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities, infertility, premature births, cancer, and renal and hepatic disease. Today, perioperative staff members are exposed to trace amounts of waste anesthetic gas, and although this exposure cannot be eliminated, it can be controlled. Health care facilities are required to develop, implement, measure, and control practices to reduce anesthetic gas exposure to the lowest practical level. Exposure levels must be measured every six months and maintained at less than 25 parts per million for nitrous oxide and 2 parts per million for halogenated agents to be compliant with Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2009.10.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T08:37:55Z","timestamp":1270111075000},"page":"482-494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Management of Exposure to Waste Anesthetic Gases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Francis Duval","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","first-page":"405","article-title":"AANA Journal course: update for nurse anesthetists\u2014occupational exposure to trace anesthetics: quantifying the risk","volume":"61","author":"Foley K.","year":"1993","journal-title":"AANA J"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","unstructured":"Anesthetic gases: guidelines for workplace exposure. US Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration Office of Science and Technical Assessment.http:\/\/www.osha.gov\/dts\/osta\/anestheticgases\/index.html Accessed January 25 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949410300610"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0403200202","article-title":"A review of the risks and benefits of nitrous oxide in current anaesthetic practice","volume":"32","author":"Myles P.S.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aco.0000247339.84685.d7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200115030-00004"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Working conditions in the operating room and their effect on the health of anesthetists [in Russian]","volume":"12","author":"Va\u012dsman A.I.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Eksp Khir Anesteziol"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15428119491019249"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1177\/216507998603401202","article-title":"Exposure to waste anesthetic gases\u2014a review of toxic effects","volume":"34","author":"Rogers B.","year":"1986","journal-title":"AAOHN J"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/54.10.1097"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198003000-00002","article-title":"Effects of low concentrations of nitrous oxide on rat fetuses","volume":"59","author":"Vieira E.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197309000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)65032-5"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","first-page":"498","article-title":"Teratogenic effects of inhalation anesthetics [in Danish]","volume":"83","author":"Askrog V.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nord Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197110000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91048-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197410000-00004","article-title":"Occupational disease among operating room personnel: a national study. Report of an Ad Hoc Committee on the Effect of Trace Anesthetics on the Health of Operating Room Personnel, American Society of Anesthesiologists","volume":"41","year":"1974","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","volume-title":"Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Anesthetic Gases and Vapors","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/51.4.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","article-title":"Trace anesthetic gases in the operating room","volume":"61","author":"McGregor D.G.","year":"1997","journal-title":"ASA Newsletter"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181870a17"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198503000-00018"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.19.1690","article-title":"What's the relative risk?. A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes","volume":"280","author":"Zhang J.","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Infertility among female doctors in the UK","volume":"76","author":"Maran N.J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Anesth"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_2_26_2","first-page":"659","article-title":"Exposure to anesthetic gases and reproductive outcome. A review of the epidemiologic literature","volume":"27","author":"Tannenbaum T.N.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0960327105ht565oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_2","first-page":"2391","article-title":"Occupational exposure to inhaled anesthetic: is it a concern for pregnant women? [MotherRisk Update]","volume":"46","author":"Shuhaiber S.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_2","unstructured":"Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Pub L No. 91\u2010596 84 Stat 1590 (1970).http:\/\/www.osha.gov\/pls\/oshaweb\/owadisp.show_document?p_table=OSHACT&p_id=2743 Accessed January 4 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_2","unstructured":"Frequently asked questions \u2010 August 2007. US Department of Labor Occupational Safety & Health Administration.http:\/\/www.osha.gov\/as\/opa\/osha\u2010faq.html Accessed January 4 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"NIOSH Hazard Controls HC3","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Risks of occupational exposure to waste\u2010anesthetic gases","volume":"111","author":"Sessler D.I.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Environmental Health and Safety, Waste Anesthetic Gas Control, General Waste Anesthetic Guidelines","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_2","volume-title":"Guidelines for Construction and Equipment of Hospitals and Medical Facilities, 1992\u201093","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_2","volume-title":"Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals: The Official Handbook","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_2","unstructured":"Hospitals condition of participation: physical environment. 42 CFR 482.41. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.http:\/\/www.cms.hhs.gov\/CFCsAndCoPs\/06_Hospitals.asp Accessed January 4 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_2","unstructured":"Hazard communication. US Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 29 CFR \u00a71910.1200.http:\/\/www.osha.gov\/pls\/oshaweb\/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10099 Accessed January 4 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_38_2","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Employee Handbook","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["AORN Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001209210001535?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001209210001535?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aornjournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.aorn.2009.10.022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:36:55Z","timestamp":1696034215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aornjournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.aorn.2009.10.022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,31]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.aorn.2009.10.022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aorn.2009.10.022","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-2092","1878-0369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-2092","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-0369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,31]]}}}