{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:33:46Z","timestamp":1786984426681,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485820800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aornjournal.org","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AORN Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Epidural or spinal anesthesia\u2013related infections cause serious and devastating morbidity and mortality. The possible infectious complications of neuraxial anesthesia have become better understood in the past 10 years. We assessed information from published case series, studies, randomized controlled trials, and retrospective cohort studies to determine the rate of neuraxial infection and to evaluate iatrogenic causes of infection. The use of sterile gowning appears to be a factor associated with the decreased infection rates noted in some studies. A review of the literature demonstrated that personnel in interdisciplinary specialties use gowns for invasive procedures to prevent infection, and national and international multidisciplinary health care professionals appear to be increasing their use of sterile gowning to prevent infections. We undertook this literature review to explore the incidence of neuraxial infection, provide additional insight into multidisciplinary standards, and evaluate whether the use of sterile gowns while performing neuraxial anesthesia decreases infection rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2016.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T17:05:15Z","timestamp":1485882315000},"page":"184-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neuraxial Anesthesia and the Use of Sterile Gowning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Heidi","family":"Aleman\u2010Ortega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyda","family":"Shambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Czinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2310\/8000.2011.110316","article-title":"Iatrogenic bacterial meningitis: an unmasked threat","volume":"14","author":"Barnwell R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","first-page":"65","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis after intrapartum spinal anesthesia\u2014New York and Ohio, 2008\u20102009","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200503000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2009.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael006"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer416"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200608000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-012-9877-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000265160.32309.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000296066.79547.f3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31816bbdb6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732312452938"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","volume-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare: A Guide to Best Practice","author":"Melnyk B.M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000171"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","article-title":"Microbiological cultural test after prolonged peridural catheterization: report of 50 cases","volume":"15","author":"Fasciolo A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Internet J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","article-title":"Bacterial contamination of epidural catheters used for perioperative analgesia","volume":"20","author":"Trojanowski A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Internet J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2006.04753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181de6cc5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817bd11f"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Guidelines for Perioperative Practice","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2012.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","unstructured":"O'Grady NP Alexander M Burns LA et al; Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). 2011 guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter\u2010related infections. 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