{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:05:36Z","timestamp":1790129136829,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]],"date-time":"2016-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AOTT"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: We investigated causes and results of revision surgeries after artificial disc replacement of cervical spine (C-ADR).\n\nMethods: Twenty-one patients (mean age: 52.8) who underwent revision surgery after C-ADR and who had a minimum 2-year of follow-up were included into this study. The mean time between the primary and revision surgeries was 21 months. During their primary surgeries, 14 patients underwent single level C-ADR, 2 two-level C-ADR, and 5 two-level hybrid surgery for 16 radiculopathy, 3 myelopathy, and 2 adjacent segment diseases. Causes for revision surgeries were at least one of the followings: 17 poor patient selections, 7 insufficient decompressions, 7 malpositions, 6 subsidences, 3 osteolysis, and 1 postoperative infection.\n\nResults: Sixteen patients underwent anterior removal of C-ADR, one-level discectomy and fusion (N &amp;frac14; 11), two-level discectomy (N &amp;frac14; 3) or one-level corpectomy (N &amp;frac14; 2) and fusion. Three patients of keel type C-ADR with heterotopic ossification underwent posterior laminoforaminotomy and fusion. Two patients underwent combined procedures due to infection or severe subsidence and osteolysis. At the 2- year follow-up, neck (7.3 vs 1.6) and arm (7.0 vs 1.3) visual analog scales and Neck Disability Index score (46.7 vs 16.32) were improved (all, p &lt; 0.05). According to Odom's criteria, 86% of the patients were satisfied and 91% achieved solid fusion. No major complications developed except for transient dysphagia in 6 patients (29%).\n\nConclusions: In this small case series, revision surgeries provided successful outcomes in failed C-ADR without major complications. Careful patient selection and meticulous surgical techniques are important to avoid disappointing clinical outcome or even failure of C-ADR.\n\nLevel of evidence: Level IV, Therapeutic study<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]],"date-time":"2016-12-09T08:16:15Z","timestamp":1481271375000},"page":"610-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Revision surgeries following artificial disc replacement of cervical spine"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Jong-Beom","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"S. Yeom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Soo","family":"Suk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae","family":"Chul Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318150d121","article-title":"Motion analysis of Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior discectomy and fusion: results from a prospective, randomized, multicenter, clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Sasso","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord 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Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200308000-00001","article-title":"Cervical arthroplasty in the management of spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"16","author":"Sekhon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.6.SPINE13996","article-title":"Clinical and radiographic analysis of an artificial cervical disc: 7-year follow-up from the Prestige prospective randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Burkus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3180310534","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of BRYAN cervical disc arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter trial with 24-month follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Sasso","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.03.037","article-title":"Comparison of revision surgeries for one- to two-level cervical TDR and ACDF from 2002 to 2011","volume":"14","author":"Nandyala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2015.9.3.471","article-title":"Reoperations following cervical disc replacement","volume":"9","author":"Skovrlj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.02.005","article-title":"Factors affecting reoperations after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion within and outside of a Federal Drug Administration investigational device exemption cervical disc replacement trial","volume":"12","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine J"}],"container-title":["Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1017995X16302814?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1017995X16302814?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/3192\/3141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T19:56:26Z","timestamp":1763495786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/3192"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aott.2016.04.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-1294","1017-995X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-1294","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1017-995X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This 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Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}