{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T11:49:36Z","timestamp":1763466576099,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]],"date-time":"2020-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580947200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AOTT"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract\n\nThe aim of this study was to evaluate the results of cement and kirschner wire augmentation in the management of bone defects in primary TKA. Twenty-four patients (10 male, 14 female; mean age: 66 years) with uncontained unilateral medial tibial articular bone defect who underwent TKA between 2010 and 2014 were included in this study. The average follow up time was 33.7 months. Patients were divided to two groups according to the size of the bone defect (Group 1: &lt;20 mm, Group 2: &gt;20 mm). The tibial defect was reconstructed by using cement and K-wires. We used posterior stabilized prosthesis with no tibial stem extension. The preoperative and postoperative lower extremity mechanical axis in Group I was in a mean varus of 15\u00b0 and mean varus of 3\u00b0, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The preoperative and postoperative lower extremity mechanical axis in Group 2 was in a mean varus of 20\u00b0 and mean varus of 3\u00b0 respectively in Group II (p &lt; 0.001). None of the patients neither suffered from failure of K-wires nor loosening. The use of cement and K-wires augmentation appears to be a simple and cost-effective treatment option for the tibial bone defects in primary TKA. Level IV, Therapeutic study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,30]],"date-time":"2017-07-30T08:00:42Z","timestamp":1501401642000},"page":"388-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Short-term results of the management of severe bone defects in primary TKA with cement and K-wires"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Muhammet","family":"Sadik B\u0130LGEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gokay","family":"EKEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nejat","family":"GUNEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib1","first-page":"78","article-title":"Review article: treatments for bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"20","author":"Qiu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2004.03.002","article-title":"Bone loss in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"19","author":"Cuckler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplast"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib3","series-title":"Recent Advances in Arthroplasty","isbn-type":"print","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/26995","article-title":"Management of bone loss in primary and revision knee replacement surgery","author":"Fosco","year":"2012","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/9789533079905"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199110000-00009","article-title":"Bone deficiency in total knee arthroplasty. Use of metal wedge augmentation","volume":"271","author":"Rand","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000229360.04620.93","article-title":"Management of bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"452","author":"Bush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00016","article-title":"Inlay autogeneic bone grafting of tibial defects in primary total knee arthroplasty","volume":"248","author":"Scuderi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000214430.19033.b3","article-title":"Bone graft for tibial defects in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"446","author":"Dorr","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-5403(86)80050-X","article-title":"Screw and cement fixation of large defects in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"1","author":"Ritter","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.64B4.7096429","article-title":"Observations upon the interface between bone and polymethylmethacrylate cement","volume":"64","author":"Freeman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.12.023","article-title":"Use of Screws and cement in primary TKA with up to 20 years follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Berend","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199408000-00031","article-title":"Management of tibial defects in total knee arthroplasty. A biomechanical study","volume":"305","author":"Chen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B2.21415","article-title":"Repair of defects and containment in revision total knee replacement: a comparative biomechanical analysis","volume":"91","author":"Toms","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200103000-00013","article-title":"The use of structural allograft for uncontained defects in revision total knee arthroplasty. A minimum five-year review","volume":"83-A","author":"Clatworthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib14","series-title":"Revision of Aseptic Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty. Surgery of the Knee","first-page":"935","author":"Insall","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199109000-00038","article-title":"The use of methyl methacrylate in primary total knee replacements with large tibial defects","volume":"270","author":"Lotke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00004","article-title":"Rationale of the Knee Society clinical rating system","volume":"248","author":"Insall","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198911000-00003","article-title":"The Knee Society total knee arthroplasty roentgenographic evaluation and scoring system","volume":"248","author":"Ewald","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2009.12.008","article-title":"Uncemented tibial fixation total knee arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Cossetto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B9.17789","article-title":"Five- to 12-year follow-up of a hydroxyapatite-coated, cementless total knee replacement in young, active patients","volume":"88","author":"Tai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib20","first-page":"238","article-title":"Review article: bone defect classifications in revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"19","author":"Qiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0941-4","article-title":"The Mark Coventry Award Articular: contact estimation in TKA using in\u00a0vivo kinematics and finite element analysis","volume":"468","author":"Catani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.01.020","article-title":"Load sharing and ligament strains in balanced, overstuffed and understuffed UKA. A validated finite element analysis","volume":"29","author":"Innocenti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0arthroplasty"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"\u0130leri varus deformiteli dizlerde total diz protezi uygulama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131","author":"Bilgen","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib23"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2003.11.009","article-title":"Medial screws and cement A possible mechanical augmentation in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"19","author":"Ritter","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib25","first-page":"149","article-title":"Screw and cement fixation of tibial bone defects in total knee replacement","volume":"11","author":"Chung","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Knee Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib26","first-page":"179","article-title":"Bone grafts for bone loss with total knee replacement","volume":"20","author":"Dorr","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198604000-00016","article-title":"Bone grafting of tibial defects in primary and revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"205","author":"Windsor","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"}],"container-title":["Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1017995X17300883?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1017995X17300883?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/3290\/3238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T11:45:53Z","timestamp":1763466353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/3290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-1294","1017-995X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2589-1294"},{"type":"print","value":"1017-995X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Short-term results of the management of severe bone defects in primary TKA with cement and K-wires","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aott.2017.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Turkish Association of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}