{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:43:49Z","timestamp":1790887429124,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009643","name":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009643","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Applied Ergonomics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:38:36Z","timestamp":1694738316000},"page":"104136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Identifying firefighters' situation awareness requirements for fire and non-fire emergencies using a goal-directed task analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Viviana","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8405-481X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changwon","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib1","series-title":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","first-page":"77","article-title":"The software EBox: integrated information for situational awareness","author":"Ashish","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib2","series-title":"Special Issue on Contribution of Ontologies in Designing Advanced Information Systems","first-page":"1181","article-title":"BeAware!\u2014situation awareness, the ontology-driven way","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2012.10.011","article-title":"A day in the life of a volunteer incident commander: errors, pressures and mitigating strategies","volume":"44","author":"Bearman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.1994.1005","article-title":"Making the abstraction hierarchy concrete","volume":"40","author":"Bisantz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2003.12.012","article-title":"Situation awareness in emergency medical dispatch","volume":"61","author":"Blandford","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vrih.2022.08.006","article-title":"Virtual reality for immersive multi-user firefighter training scenarios","volume":"4","author":"Braun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virtual Reality Intellig. Hardware"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120204600354","article-title":"Using Goal Directed Task Analysis with Army Brigade Officer Teams","volume":"46","author":"Bolstad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2022.103827","article-title":"Understanding the systemic influences on maritime pilot decision-making","volume":"104","author":"Butler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.10.016","article-title":"Reflections on work as done (WAD) and work as imagined (WAI) in an emergency response organization: a study on firefighters training exercises","volume":"68","author":"Carvalho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0302_5","article-title":"A survey of situation awareness requirements in air-to-air combat fighters","volume":"3","author":"Endsley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Aviat. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779049543","article-title":"Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems","volume":"37","author":"Endsley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib12","series-title":"Handbook of Aviation Human Factors","first-page":"257","article-title":"Situation awareness in aviation systems","author":"Endsley","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib13","article-title":"Designing for situation awareness in complex system. Ceedings of the second international workshop on symbiosis of humans","volume":"15","author":"Endsley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Artifacts Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343415572631","article-title":"Situation awareness misconceptions and misunderstandings","volume":"9","author":"Endsley","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Eng. Decis. Mak."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib15","series-title":"Designing for Situation Awareness: an Approach to User-Centered Design","author":"Endsley","year":"2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0403_3","article-title":"Individual differences in pilot situation awareness","volume":"4","author":"Endsley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Aviat. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib17","series-title":"Designing for Situation Awareness: an Approach to User-Centered Design","author":"Endsley","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib18","first-page":"3","article-title":"Theoretical underpinnings of situation awareness: a critical review","volume":"1","author":"Endsley","year":"2000","journal-title":"In situation Awareness Anal. Measur."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1177\/154193129403800113","article-title":"Situation awareness information requirements analysis for en route air traffic control","volume":"38","author":"Endsley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. Annu. Meet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib20","author":"Fanfarov\u00e1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib21","author":"Federal Emergency Management Agency"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib22","author":"Federal Emergency Management Agency"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib23","series-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International ISCRAM Conference","article-title":"A functional goal decomposition of urban firefighting","volume":"10","author":"Fern","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2003.07.005","article-title":"User participation in requirements elicitation comparing focus group interviews and usability tests for eliciting usability requirements for medical equipment: a case study","volume":"33","author":"Garmer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Ind. Ergon."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2013.10.009","article-title":"Analysis of the resilience of team performance during a nuclear emergency response exercise","volume":"45","author":"Gomes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib26","author":"Groner"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139508925275","article-title":"Development of a situation awareness measure to evaluate advanced alarm systems in nuclear power plant control rooms","volume":"38","author":"Hogg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.3390\/app10030772","article-title":"Developing a building fire information management system based on 3D object visualization","volume":"10","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib29","first-page":"138","article-title":"A recognition-primed decision (RPD) model of rapid decision making","volume":"5","author":"Klein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Decision Making in Action: Models and Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib30","series-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting","first-page":"576","article-title":"Rapid decision making on the fire ground","author":"Klein","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib31","series-title":"Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research","author":"Krueger","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.firesaf.2013.11.010","article-title":"Situational awareness for supporting building fire emergency response: information needs, information sources, and implementation requirements","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fire Saf. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2022.106903","article-title":"Are first responders prepared for electric vehicle fires? A national survey","volume":"179","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEM.2001.000507","article-title":"Decision support for improvisation during emergency response operations","volume":"1","author":"Mendonca","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Emerg. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib36","series-title":"Situational Awareness","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2020.2972288","article-title":"A scientometric review of global research on smart disaster management","volume":"68","author":"Neelam","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib38","article-title":"Identifying first responders information needs: supporting search and rescue operations for fire emergency response","author":"Nunavath","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Syst. Crisis Response Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2017.08.006","article-title":"Crowdsourcing, data and information fusion and situation awareness for emergency Management of forest fires: the project DF100Fogo (FDWithoutFire)","volume":"77","author":"Oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Environ. Urban Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945917697230","article-title":"Evaluating situation awareness: an integrative review","volume":"40","author":"Orique","year":"2018","journal-title":"West. J. Nurs. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib41","unstructured":"Otter.ai Inc (Version 3.20.0). (2023). [Computer software]. https:\/\/www.otter.ai\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2021.105968","article-title":"Speculation on the role of sea-level rise in the tragic collapse of the Surfside condominium (Miami Beach, Florida U.S.A.) was a bellwether moment for coastal zone management practitioners","volume":"215","author":"Parkinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocean Coast Manag."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2013.809480","article-title":"What is on your mind? Using the perceptual cycle model and critical decision method to understand the decision-making process in the cockpit","volume":"56","author":"Plant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib44","series-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care","first-page":"92","article-title":"Measuring performance in an electronic health record (EHR) based simulation using the situation awareness global assessment technique","author":"Rasooly","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib45","article-title":"Fire emergency response systems information requirements' data model for situational awareness of responders: a goal-directed task analysis","volume":"63","author":"Rezaeifam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Build. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2005.02.001","article-title":"Situation awareness measurement: a review of applicability for C4i environments","volume":"37","author":"Salmon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib47","series-title":"Attention and Situational Awareness in First Responder Operations","author":"Sanquist","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2019.01.005","article-title":"Decision-centred design in healthcare: the process of identifying a decision support tool for airway management","volume":"77","author":"Schnittker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2019.08.016","article-title":"Situation awareness information requirements for maritime navigation: a goal directed task analysis","volume":"120","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib50","series-title":"Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics","first-page":"1313","article-title":"User requirements collection and analysis","author":"Spath","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2021.105381","article-title":"From common operational picture to common situational understanding: an analysis based on practitioner perspectives","volume":"142","author":"Steen-Tveit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib53","series-title":"Investigation Report: West Fertilizer Company Fire and Explosion","author":"US","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib54","series-title":"Fire in the United States","author":"US Fire Administration","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib55","series-title":"Wildland Urban Interface: A Look at Issues and Resolutions","author":"US Fire Administration","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib56","series-title":"Situational Awareness for First Responders: Evaluation of the BIMS Field Trial","first-page":"524","author":"van der Lee","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib57","series-title":"Improving Situational Awareness to Enhance Firefighter Safety","author":"Vander Pol","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1109\/21.370186","article-title":"Supporting operator problem solving through ecological interface design","volume":"25","author":"Vicente","year":"1995","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEM.2004.005230","article-title":"Role improvising during crisis situations","volume":"2","author":"Webb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Emerg. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib60","series-title":"West Fertilizer Company Fire and Explosion: A Summary of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board Report","author":"Willey","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00766-014-0202-2","article-title":"GDIA: eliciting information requirements in emergency first response","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Requir. Eng."}],"container-title":["Applied Ergonomics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003687023001746?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003687023001746?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T05:52:47Z","timestamp":1757742767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003687023001746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S0003687023001746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-6870"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-6870","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Identifying firefighters' situation awareness requirements for fire and non-fire emergencies using a goal-directed task analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Applied Ergonomics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104136","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104136"}}