{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:54:03Z","timestamp":1792270443957,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H20C6a0032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H20C6a0032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-000655-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-000655-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Duke-NUS\/RSF\/2021\/0018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Duke-NUS\/RSF\/2021\/0018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["05\/FY2020\/EX\/15-A58"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["05\/FY2020\/EX\/15-A58"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-001014-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-001014-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-001015\\u201300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-001015\\u201300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,6]],"date-time":"2024-10-06T13:52:52Z","timestamp":1728222772000},"page":"100107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of childhood atropine treatment on adult choroidal thickness using sequential deep learning-enabled segmentation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damon","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1000-6233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syna","family":"Sreng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joey","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angeline","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2674-6068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila Sara","family":"Eppenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Leow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopold","family":"Schmetterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7166-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seang-Mei","family":"Saw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jost B.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Chia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3022-0795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320926","article-title":"Pathologic myopia: advances in imaging and the potential role of artificial intelligence","volume":"107","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.TJO-D-23-00032","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and digital solutions for myopia","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12061418","article-title":"Advances in OCT imaging in myopia and pathologic myopia","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00231-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"6","author":"Baird","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.04.032","article-title":"The risks and benefits of myopia control","volume":"128","author":"Bullimore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.10.040","article-title":"Reducing the global burden of myopia by delaying the onset of myopia and reducing myopic progression in children: the academy\u2019s task force on Myopia","volume":"128","author":"Modjtahedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.062","article-title":"Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia","volume":"113","author":"Chua","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.07.031","article-title":"Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia: safety and efficacy of 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.01% doses (Atropine for the Treatment of Myopia 2)","volume":"119","author":"Chia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.2097","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of 0.01% and 0.02% atropine for the treatment of pediatric myopia progression over 3 years: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"141","author":"Zadnik","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.1091","article-title":"Efficacy and adverse effects of atropine in childhood myopia: a meta-analysis","volume":"135","author":"Gong","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1136","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14166","article-title":"Efficacy of atropine 0.01% for the treatment of childhood myopia in European patients","volume":"97","author":"Sacchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.07.004","article-title":"Five-year clinical trial on atropine for the treatment of myopia 2: myopia control with atropine 0.01% eyedrops","volume":"123","author":"Chia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.24162","article-title":"Effect of low-concentration atropine eyedrops vs placebo on myopia incidence in children: the LAMP2 randomized clinical trial","volume":"329","author":"Yam","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.5467","article-title":"Topical atropine for childhood myopia control: the atropine treatment long-term assessment study","volume":"142","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.03.008","article-title":"The choroid as a sclera growth regulator","volume":"114","author":"Summers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.07.015","article-title":"The relationship between axial length and choroidal thickness in eyes with high myopia","volume":"155","author":"Flores-Moreno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.08.039","article-title":"Classification of early dry-type myopic maculopathy with macular choroidal thickness","volume":"153","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5794","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-16006","article-title":"Subfoveal choroidal thickness changes following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in myopic choroidal neovascularization","volume":"56","author":"Ahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316866","article-title":"Choroidal thickness predicts progression of myopic maculopathy in high myopes: a 2-year longitudinal study","volume":"105","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-303904","article-title":"Direct comparison of spectral-domain and swept-source OCT in the measurement of choroidal thickness in normal eyes","volume":"98","author":"Copete","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7729","article-title":"Macular choroidal thickness and volume in normal subjects measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"52","author":"Hirata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronneberger O., Fischer P., Brox T. U-net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2015: 18th International Conference. Munich, Germany. 2015.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2903562","article-title":"Ce-net: context encoder network for 2d medical image segmentation","volume":"38","author":"Gu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49816-4","article-title":"Automatic choroidal segmentation in OCT images using supervised deep learning methods","volume":"9","author":"Kugelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39795-x","article-title":"Automatic choroid layer segmentation from optical coherence tomography images using deep learning","volume":"9","author":"Masood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.09.010","article-title":"Choroidal thickness and axial length changes in myopic children treated with orthokeratology","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e454","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13866","article-title":"Change in subfoveal choroidal thickness secondary to orthokeratology and its cessation: a predictor for the change in axial length","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib29","article-title":"The effect of topical atropine on the choroidal thickness of healthy children","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2020.06.006","article-title":"Short-term effects of atropine combined with orthokeratology (ACO) on choroidal thickness","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2020.04.023","article-title":"Effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops on choroidal thickness in myopic children","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib32","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effects of atropine treatment on choroidal thickness in myopic children","volume":"61","author":"Ye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.020","article-title":"Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia: effect on myopia progression after cessation of atropine","volume":"116","author":"Tong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.12.001","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography: imaging of the choroid and beyond","volume":"58","author":"Mrejen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.05.008","article-title":"Choroidal and retinal thickness in children with different refractive status measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"168","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cahyo D.A.Y., Wong D.W.K., Yow A.P., et al. Volumetric Choroidal Segmentation Using Sequential Deep Learning Approach in High Myopia Subjects. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020;1286\u20131289 .","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC44109.2020.9176184"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib37","first-page":"2156","article-title":"Volumetric choroidal segmentation with a novel deep learning approach fusing spatial information","volume":"62","author":"Cahyo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2018.2881678","article-title":"Deep sequential segmentation of organs in volumetric medical scans","volume":"38","author":"Novikov","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00645.x","article-title":"A note on robust variance estimation for cluster-correlated data","volume":"56","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001168","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in healthy Chinese children aged 6 to 12: the Shanghai children eye study","volume":"37","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000654","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in relation to ethnicity measured using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography","volume":"36","author":"Karapetyan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000894","article-title":"Effects of orthokeratology on choroidal thickness and axial length","volume":"93","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2024.2310618","article-title":"Changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness after orthokeratology in myopic children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75342-9","article-title":"Additive effect of atropine eye drops and short-term retinal defocus on choroidal thickness in children with myopia","volume":"10","author":"Chiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib45","article-title":"Changes in choroidal thickness in myopic children with 0.01% atropine: Evidence from a 12-month follow-up","volume":"42","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Photo Photo Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-021-01855-5","article-title":"Changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness in myopic children with 0.01% atropine, orthokeratology, or their combination","volume":"41","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.65.4.22","article-title":"Short-term myopic defocus and choroidal thickness in children and adults","volume":"65","author":"Ostrin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib48","article-title":"Optical defocus rapidly changes choroidal thickness in schoolchildren","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12609","article-title":"Regional alterations in human choroidal thickness in response to short-term monocular hemifield myopic defocus","volume":"39","author":"Hoseini-Yazdi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4782536","article-title":"Short-term effect of low-dose atropine and hyperopic defocus on choroidal thickness and axial length in young myopic adults","author":"Sander","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1159\/000510715","article-title":"Choroidal thickness changes after orthokeratology lens wearing in young adults with myopia","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.08.002","article-title":"Monocular myopic defocus and daily changes in axial length and choroidal thickness of human eyes","volume":"103","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.01.029","article-title":"Inhibiting the transient choroidal thickening response using the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor l-NAME prevents the ameliorative effects of visual experience on ocular growth in two different visual paradigms","volume":"83","author":"Nickla","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nickla D.L., Wildsoet C.F. The effect of the nonspecific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester on the choroidal compensatory response to myopic defocus in chickens. Optom Vis Sci. 2004;81:111\u2013118 81:111\u2013118..","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200402000-00009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0002-7","article-title":"Nitric oxide (NO) mediates the inhibition of form-deprivation myopia by atropine in chicks","volume":"6","author":"Carr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800171184","article-title":"Effects of atropine on refractive development, dopamine release, and slow retinal potentials in the chick","volume":"17","author":"Schwahn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vis Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.08.021","article-title":"Dopaminergic agonists that result in ocular growth inhibition also elicit transient increases in choroidal thickness in chicks","volume":"91","author":"Nickla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6414","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17102","article-title":"Regional changes in choroidal thickness associated with accommodation","volume":"56","author":"Woodman-Pieterse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10847","article-title":"Accommodative movements of the vitreous membrane, choroid, and sclera in young and presbyopic human and nonhuman primate eyes","volume":"54","author":"Croft","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103586","article-title":"Objective analyses of tessellated fundi and significant correlation between degree of tessellation and choroidal thickness in healthy eyes","volume":"9","author":"Yoshihara","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12862","article-title":"Choroidal changes in human myopia: insights from optical coherence tomography imaging","volume":"102","author":"Read","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2024.02.14","article-title":"Using choroidal thickness to detect myopic macular degeneration","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14773","article-title":"The influence of the choroid on the onset and development of myopia: from perspectives of choroidal thickness and blood flow","volume":"99","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S216209892400118X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S216209892400118X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T20:23:05Z","timestamp":1729801385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S216209892400118X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S216209892400118X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-0989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-0989","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of childhood atropine treatment on adult choroidal thickness using sequential deep learning-enabled segmentation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100107","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology and Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100107"}}