{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T01:20:49Z","timestamp":1790990449623,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T15:55:24Z","timestamp":1747670124000},"page":"100208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Updates on the clinical management of intraocular foreign body (IOFB)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6039-1394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Chor Kiu","family":"Au","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2959-4186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Ho Tak","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9440-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth Kai Wang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.858455","article-title":"Trends and disparities in the incidence of intraocular foreign bodies 1990-2019: a global analysis","volume":"10","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1159\/000513043","article-title":"Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and visual outcomes of patients with intraocular foreign bodies in southwest China: A 10-year review","volume":"64","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05266-1","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of open globe injuries: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES)","volume":"259","author":"Hoskin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6309638","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6309638","article-title":"Etiologic Causes and epidemiological characteristics of patients with intraocular foreign bodies: retrospective analysis of 1340 cases over ten years","volume":"2018","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-016-0225-4","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical outcome of intraocular foreign bodies in Hong Kong: a 13-year review","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303683","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1303683","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of open globe injuries in Southwest China","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02443-9","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and epidemiology of intraocular foreign body injuries in Cork University Hospital, Ireland: an 11-year review","volume":"190","author":"Bourke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091861","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body: diagnostic protocols and treatment strategies in ocular trauma patients","volume":"10","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9990290","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9990290","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of posterior segment intraocular foreign body: Canadian Experience from a Tertiary University Hospital in Quebec","volume":"2021","author":"Rozon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41105-5","article-title":"Clinical and imaging characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors of intraocular foreign bodies extracted by vitrectomy","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20640","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body: Characteristics, visual outcomes, and predictive values of ocular trauma score","volume":"9","author":"Watanachai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04859-6","article-title":"Clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of intraocular foreign body presenting to an ocular trauma unit","volume":"259","author":"Anguita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S358064","article-title":"Endophthalmitis, visual outcomes, and management strategies in eyes with intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"16","author":"Keil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2017.01.007","article-title":"Posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies: a 10-year review","volume":"1","author":"Mukkamala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422466","DOI":"10.3389\/fopht.2024.1422466","article-title":"Advances in the management of intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"4","author":"Ohlhausen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2016.03.005","article-title":"Intraocular foreign bodies: a review","volume":"61","author":"Loporchio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.5301\/EJO.2011.8347","article-title":"Diagnostic value of clinical examination and radiographic imaging in identification of intraocular foreign bodies in open globe injury","volume":"22","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2014.05.006","article-title":"Management and clinical outcomes of intraocular foreign bodies with the aid of orbital computed tomography","volume":"77","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2019.1674894","article-title":"Multimodal imaging features of intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"34","author":"Rong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282fa75f1","article-title":"Current trends in the management of intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"19","author":"Yeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.10.023","article-title":"Low rate of endophthalmitis in a large series of open globe injuries","volume":"147","author":"Andreoli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(02)00007-X","article-title":"The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS)","volume":"15","author":"Kuhn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib23","article-title":"Correlation between electroretinogram and visual prognosis in metallic intraocular foreign body injury","volume":"8","author":"Mai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-020-09792-x","article-title":"Ocular siderosis: a misdiagnosed cause of visual loss due to ferrous intraocular foreign bodies-epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, imaging and available treatment options","volume":"142","author":"Casini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Doc Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1446_22","article-title":"Clinical profile, demographic distribution, and outcomes of ocular siderosis: Electronic medical record-driven big data analytics from an eye care network in India","volume":"71","author":"Parameswarappa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib26","article-title":"Ocular siderosis secondary to retained intraocular foreign body: a case report","volume":"11","author":"Bloom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm2205233","article-title":"Iron deposition from a retained intraocular foreign body","volume":"387","author":"Bouirig","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.930504","article-title":"Unilateral ocular siderosis bulbi due to missed metallic intraocular foreign body masquerading as anisocoria of neurological origin: a case report","volume":"22","author":"Al-Dwairi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2024.77783","article-title":"An unusual case of low vision and anisocoria considered a neurological finding in the emergency department: ocular siderosis","volume":"54","author":"\u00d6zen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Turk J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib30","article-title":"Missed intraocular foreign body presenting as siderosis bulbi: two case reports","volume":"16","author":"Gim Seah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03649-6","article-title":"Demystifying the role of magnetic resonance in identifying intraocular foreign bodies: a case of ocular siderosis","volume":"24","author":"Mete","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-235228","article-title":"Ocular siderosis resulting from a retained intralenticular metallic foreign body","volume":"13","author":"Nowak","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240600","article-title":"Retained iron intraocular foreign body with late onset siderotic glaucoma: a clinical challenge","volume":"14","author":"Gawas","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.939629","article-title":"Retained intraocular iron foreign body leading to late-onset siderotic glaucoma: a challenging case report","volume":"24","author":"She","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib35","article-title":"Secondary glaucoma due to intraocular rusty foreign body without iris heterochromia","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-220385","article-title":"Pseudo retinitis pigmentosa in a case of missed intraocular foreign body","volume":"2017","author":"Temkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_1_21","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body presenting as recalcitrant hypopyon anterior uveitis","volume":"13","author":"Balasubramaniam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib38","article-title":"Anterior uveitis secondary to intraocular fiber from a hair enhancement product","volume":"18","author":"Green","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib39","first-page":"830","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body in the anterior chamber angle misdiagnosed as herpetic stromal keratitis","volume":"29","author":"Haidar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acids Cerrah-- Derg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12348-017-0130-7","article-title":"Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and retained vegetal intraocular foreign body masquerading as chronic anterior uveitis","volume":"7","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2016.06.004","article-title":"Unilateral corneal edema caused by a hidden foreign body","volume":"92","author":"Galvis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4311","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.381","article-title":"Bullous keratopathy secondary to anterior chamber angle foreign body","volume":"7","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1361_18","article-title":"Chandelier-assisted scleral buckling in an eye with longstanding inert foreign body with fresh rhegmatogenous retinal detachment","volume":"67","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-023-02881-w","article-title":"Occult intraocular aluminium foreign body causing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case report","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib45","first-page":"870","article-title":"A presumed iridocyclitis developed to panophthalmitis caused by a non-metallic intraocular foreign body","volume":"12","author":"Weng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.OJO_39_2017","article-title":"Encapsulated metallic intraocular foreign body of long duration presenting with cystoid macular edema and normal full-field electroretinogram","volume":"12","author":"Dhoble","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_363_17","article-title":"Retained intraocular iron foreign body presenting with acute retinal necrosis","volume":"65","author":"Sindal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib48","first-page":"Doc03","article-title":"Pseudomelanoma: occult intraocular foreign body mimicking choroidal melanoma","volume":"13","author":"Y\u0131lmaz \u00c7ebi","year":"2023","journal-title":"GMS Ophthalmol Cases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S260226","article-title":"Malpractice litigation in ophthalmic trauma","volume":"14","author":"Engelhard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20170802-05","article-title":"Culture-positive endophthalmitis after open globe injuries with and without retained intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"48","author":"Banker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-02130-y","article-title":"Comparison of causative microorganisms of posttraumatic endophthalmitis with and without retained intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003440","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of postoperative endophthalmitis after primary surgical repair combined with intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"42","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2014.0056","article-title":"Intraocular penetration of systemic antibiotics in eyes with penetrating ocular injury","volume":"30","author":"Ahmed","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharm Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2016.0051","article-title":"Use of intravenous vancomycin and cefepime in preventing endophthalmitis after open globe injury","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib55","first-page":"e86","article-title":"Antibiotic Protocols for Endophthalmitis Prophylaxis Following Open-Globe Repair: A Survey of U.S. Residency Programs","volume":"2023","author":"Fell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acad Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S372011","article-title":"Open Globe injuries: review of evaluation, management, and surgical pearls","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.4.460","article-title":"Prophylaxis of acute posttraumatic bacterial endophthalmitis: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of intraocular antibiotic injection, report 2","volume":"125","author":"Soheilian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.08.030","article-title":"Early versus delayed timing of primary repair after open-globe injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"132","author":"McMaster","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.10.052","article-title":"Delayed intraocular foreign body removal without endophthalmitis during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom","volume":"114","author":"Colyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib60","unstructured":"Rathod, R.M., William F., An Update on the Management of Intraocular Foreign Bodies. \u3008https:\/\/retinalphysician.com\/issues\/2011\/april\/an-update-on-the-management-of-intraocular-foreign-bodies\/\u3009, 2011 (accessed 5 April 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib61","article-title":"Endoscopic-assisted removal of intraocular foreign body embedded in ciliary sulcus","volume":"27","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib62","first-page":"749","article-title":"Removal of intraocular foreign body in anterior chamber angle with prism contact lens and 23-gauge foreign body forceps","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib63","first-page":"533","article-title":"Extracting intraocular foreign body at or near the ciliary body with scleral indentation in direct visualization","volume":"11","author":"Ji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-256954","article-title":"Gonioscopy aided detection and scleral indentation assisted extraction of an occult intraocular foreign body from the ciliary sulcus","volume":"16","author":"Naharwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rjab404","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjab404","article-title":"The use of soft contact lens for intraocular foreign body removal to avoid inadvertent cataract formation","volume":"2021","author":"Eid","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006487313380","article-title":"Ferrous intraocular foreign bodies retained in the posterior segment: management options and results","volume":"22","author":"Mester","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib67","first-page":"14","article-title":"Transscleral extraction of an intraocular foreign body from the posterior segment of the eye without pars plana vitrectomy","volume":"76","author":"Rus\u0148\u00e1k","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cesk Slov Oftalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib68","first-page":"5","article-title":"Surgical treatment of open globe trauma complicated with the presence of an intraocular foreign body","volume":"117","author":"Chor\u0105giewicz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Klin Ocz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S311163","article-title":"Long-term outcome of pars plana vitrectomy for retained posterior segment intraocular foreign body secondary to gunshot injury","volume":"15","author":"Ghoraba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib70","first-page":"236","article-title":"Minimally invasive surgery for the removal of posterior intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"12","author":"Gonzalez-Cortes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3270197","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/3270197","article-title":"Microsurgical vitrectomy with pars plana incision for the removal of posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"2024","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib72","first-page":"298","article-title":"23-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy for posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"25","author":"Ozdamar Erol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acids Cerrah-- Derg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3126\/nepjoph.v13i1.28981","article-title":"Posterior segment retained intraocular foreign body: a study from Western Nepal","volume":"13","author":"Thapa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nepal J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.116458","article-title":"23-gauge vitrectomy with intraocular foreign body removal via the limbus: an alternative approach for select cases","volume":"62","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399321","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1399321","article-title":"T-shaped pars plana scleral incision to remove large intraocular foreign body","volume":"11","author":"Toro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-015-0067-2","article-title":"23 gauge pars plana vitrectomy for the removal of retained intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"15","author":"Yuksel","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3161680","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3161680","article-title":"25-Gauge vitrectomy in open eye injury with retained foreign body","volume":"2017","author":"Sborgia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib78","first-page":"190","article-title":"Effect of partial pars plana vitrectomy in two cases: removal of intraocular foreign body and intraocular lens dropped into vitreous","volume":"53","author":"Demir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sisli Etfal Hast Tip Bul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.2174\/1573405618666220512160302","article-title":"Intraoperative optical coherence tomography-guided 25G microamount trajectory vitrectomy for the treatment of penetrating ocular injury caused by a foreign body in the right eye: a case study","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib80","first-page":"282","article-title":"Indications and techniques of endoscope assisted vitrectomy","volume":"8","author":"Marra","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2024.12.14","article-title":"Endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy for severe ocular penetrating trauma with corneal opacity","volume":"17","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000004208","article-title":"Surgical techniques for optimal lens management of posterior segment metallic intraocular foreign body removal: a case series","author":"Moon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199909000-00011","article-title":"Primary intraocular lens implantation during pars plana vitrectomy and intraretinal foreign body removal","volume":"19","author":"Pavlovic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"Pt 3a","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1998.93","article-title":"Combined phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, removal of intraocular foreign body (IOFB), and primary intraocular lens implantation for patients with IOFB and traumatic cataract","volume":"12","author":"Lam","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib85","first-page":"295","article-title":"Combined clear cornea phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, foreign body extraction, and intraocular lens implantation","volume":"45","author":"Vatavuk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1090_17","article-title":"Midline sclerotomy approach for intraocular foreign body removal in phakic eyes using endoilluminator: a novel technique","volume":"66","author":"Ravani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000598","article-title":"Posterior vitrectorhexis: a surgical modification for intraocular foreign body removal through limbal route","volume":"13","author":"Baskaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2021.03.009","article-title":"Management of a large metal intraocular foreign body","volume":"57","author":"Felfeli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib89","first-page":"283","article-title":"Novel approach in the treatment of intravitreal foreign body and traumatic cataract: three case reports","volume":"45","author":"Benci\u0107","year":"2004","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.60077","article-title":"Visual outcome of pars plana vitrectomy with intraocular foreign body removal through sclerocorneal tunnel and sulcus-fixated intraocular lens implantation as a single procedure, in cases of metallic intraocular foreign body with traumatic cataract","volume":"58","author":"Mahapatra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib91","article-title":"Exploring minimum secondary injury for the treatment of ocular trauma with giant intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"8","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000922","article-title":"perfluorocarbon liquids' ability to protect the macula from intraocular dropping of metallic foreign bodies: a model eye study","volume":"36","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6232151","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6232151","article-title":"Intraoperative Macula Protection by Perfluorocarbon Liquid for the Metallic Intraocular Foreign Body Removal during 23-Gauge Vitrectomy","volume":"2017","author":"Rejdak","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S159509","article-title":"Perfluorocarbon liquid-assisted intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"12","author":"Ung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199809000-00013","article-title":"Perfluorocarbon liquid manipulation of high-density intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"18","author":"Sudhalkar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2015.12.020","article-title":"25-Gauge active aspiration silicon tip-assisted removal of glass and other intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"51","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib97","article-title":"Use of Cohesive Viscoelastic Agents to Facilitate Safe Removal of Posterior Segment Intraocular Foreign Bodies","author":"Budoff","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vitreoretin Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002858","article-title":"Total filling of the vitreous cavity with a cohesive ophthalmic viscosurgical device to support the removal of the intraocular foreign body","volume":"43","author":"Rogaczewska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318286ce83","article-title":"Intraocular foreign body removal by viscoelastic capture using DisCoVisc during 23-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib100","article-title":"Use of medical sodium hyaluronate gel in surgical removal of a glass intraocular foreign body","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0408-0","article-title":"Intraocular application of Mitomycin C to prevent proliferative vitreoretinopathy in perforating and severe intraocular foreign body injuries","volume":"33","author":"Assi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib102","first-page":"114","article-title":"Combined cataract extraction with pars plana vitrectomy and metallic intraocular foreign body removal through sclerocorneal tunnel using a novel \"Magnet Handshake\" technique","volume":"7","author":"Dhoble","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Philos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003647","article-title":"Combined phacovitrectomy with metallic intraocular foreign body removal through corneal incision using a novel \"Magnetic Conduction\" technique","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-024-06566-y","article-title":"Magnetized forceps for intraocular foreign body removal: which one is suitable?","volume":"262","author":"Parlak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib105","first-page":"1393","article-title":"Novel technique for intraocular foreign body removal: magnetized disposable microforceps. a systematic approach and first clinical result","volume":"43","author":"Werner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000296","article-title":"Intraocular lens scaffold to prevent intraocular foreign body slippage","volume":"11","author":"Agarwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2916_21","article-title":"Intraocular lens-blocking technique for intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"70","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3728","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_612_22","article-title":"Safe removal of intraocular posterior segment foreign body","volume":"70","author":"Kumawat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib109","first-page":"1107","article-title":"A modification of the intraocular lens blocking technique without posterior capsulorhexis for intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"44","author":"Sayg\u0131l\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003154","article-title":"\"Iris shelf\" technique for management of posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"41","author":"Soliman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002249","article-title":"Use of tipless kidney stone basket for removal of intraocular foreign bodies or dislocated cataract in eyes with posterior staphyloma","volume":"39","author":"Durrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-021-01765-6","article-title":"Evaluation of the use of NGage\u00ae Nitinol stone extractor for intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"41","author":"El-Baha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib113","article-title":"Glass intraocular foreign body removal with a nitinol stone basket","volume":"16","author":"Francis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib114","article-title":"Utility of a nitinol stone extractor for intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib115","unstructured":"Kapoor, D., An Overview of Nitinol: Superelastic and Shape Memory. https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/component\/content\/article\/mdb\/pub\/features\/articles\/23077, 2015 (accessed 5 April 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002757","article-title":"Eckardt forceps tip widening for the removal of posterior intraocular foreign bodies bigger than 1 mm","volume":"43","author":"Vastarella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001406","article-title":"Retractable urology three-pronged grasping forceps for removal of large, nonmagnetic intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"18","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_759_18","article-title":"The claw: A novel intraocular foreign body removal forceps","volume":"66","author":"Bapaye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000967","article-title":"A simple, inexpensive, \"modified lasso\" for removal of smooth, spherical intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"16","author":"Rice","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061462","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1061462","article-title":"A cross-knotted suture basket technique for large nonmagnetic intraocular foreign body removal","volume":"2020","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002099","article-title":"A simple, inexpensive lasso for intraocular foreign body extraction","volume":"38","author":"Chronopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1159\/000487549","article-title":"New Innovative Approaches for difficult retained intraocular foreign bodies","volume":"240","author":"Boral","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002964","article-title":"Removal of intraocular foreign bodies using a modified flute needle","volume":"43","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_3038_22","article-title":"Creatively tiding over the crisis","volume":"71","author":"Mishra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1432_22","article-title":"A 28-mm intraocular foreign body removal: the vitreoretinal surgeon's dilemma","volume":"70","author":"Gangwe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib126","first-page":"408","article-title":"Outcomes of transconjunctival sutureless 27-gauge vitrectomy for vitreoretinal diseases","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.47391\/JPMA.12262","article-title":"Outcomes of 27gauge pars plana vitrectomy for a variety of posterior segment diseases","volume":"71","author":"Awan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2008.01242.x","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography in the detection of an intraocular foreign body","volume":"87","author":"T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fco\u011flu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162098925000751?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162098925000751?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T13:08:47Z","timestamp":1749042527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2162098925000751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2162098925000751"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-0989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-0989","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Updates on the clinical management of intraocular foreign body (IOFB)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100208","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology and Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100208"}}