{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:10:37Z","timestamp":1791385837650,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T12:06:19Z","timestamp":1751457979000},"page":"100223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Controversies, consensuses, and guidelines for acute primary angle closure attack (APACA) by the Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society (APGS) and the Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology (AAPPO)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Poemen P.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiulan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tin","family":"Aung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul T.K.","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Congdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanuj","family":"Dada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seng Kheong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingguang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Yun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimmy S.M.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacky W.Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanbo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya","family":"Lingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prin","family":"Rojanapongpun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinghuai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement C.Y.","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100160606014","article-title":"Incidence of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma in Singapore. An island-wide survey","volume":"115","author":"Seah","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib2","first-page":"118","article-title":"Epidemiology of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma in the Hong Kong Chinese population: prospective study","volume":"7","author":"Lai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701759","article-title":"Ethnic aspects of acute primary angle closure in a UK mulicultural conurbation","volume":"19","author":"Ramesh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-310725","article-title":"The incidence of acute angle closure in Scotland: a prospective surveillance study","volume":"102","author":"Chua","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02153405","article-title":"Incidence of acute glaucoma in Finland from 1973 to 1982","volume":"225","author":"Teikari","year":"1987","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib6","first-page":"41","article-title":"The incidence and seasonal variations of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Ivanisevic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.12.061","article-title":"Long-term outcomes in asians after acute primary angle closure","volume":"111","author":"Aung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.5322","article-title":"Geographic Variation in the Rate and Timing of Cataract Surgery Among US Communities","volume":"134","author":"Kauh","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib9","unstructured":"American Academy of Ophthalmology. Primary Angle-Closure Disease Preferred Practice Pattern. 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib10","series-title":"Consensus Series - 3","article-title":"and Angle Closure Glaucoma","author":"Weinreb","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100144","article-title":"Consensus and guidelines on diagnosis and management of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) from the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS)","volume":"14","author":"Ruamviboonsuk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2022.04.003","article-title":"Acute Angle-Closure Attacks Are Uncommon in Primary Angle-Closure Suspects after Pharmacologic Mydriasis: The Zhongshan Angle-Closure Prevention Trial","volume":"5","author":"Friedman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0278-x","article-title":"Acute primary angle closure-treatment strategies, evidences and economical considerations","volume":"33","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000646","article-title":"Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery: Latest Developments and Future Challenges","volume":"12","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168678","article-title":"Factors Associated with the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss after Acute Primary Angle Closure: A Prospective EDI-OCT Study","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2005.04.005","article-title":"Bilateral angle-closure glaucoma after combined consumption of \"ecstasy\" and marijuana","volume":"23","author":"Trittibach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00101-9","article-title":"Bilateral secondary angle-closure glaucoma as a complication of anticoagulation in a nanophthalmic patient","volume":"126","author":"Caronia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01013-3","article-title":"Presumed topiramate-induced bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"132","author":"Banta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-4182(04)80074-7","article-title":"Late bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma after administration of paroxetine in a patient with plateau iris configuration","volume":"39","author":"Levy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.04.004","article-title":"Topiramate-associated acute, bilateral, secondary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"111","author":"Fraunfelder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100100019012","article-title":"Bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma associated with drug sensitivity to hydrochlorothiazide","volume":"113","author":"Geanon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.01.033","article-title":"Escitalopram-induced uveal effusions and bilateral angle closure glaucoma","volume":"141","author":"Zelefsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701815","article-title":"Simultaneous bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma following venlafaxine treatment","volume":"20","author":"Ezra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04386.x","article-title":"Venlafaxine and bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma","volume":"176","author":"Ng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06613.x","article-title":"Bilateral acute angle closure caused by supraciliary effusions associated with venlafaxine intake","volume":"182","author":"de Guzman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.3.252","article-title":"Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma after administration of paroxetine","volume":"81","author":"Kirwan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib29","article-title":"Bilateral angle closure glaucoma following general anaesthesia","volume":"7","author":"Raj","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700125","article-title":"Bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma after use of Fenox nasal drops","volume":"16","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldp042","article-title":"Pharmacological and environmental factors in primary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"93","author":"Subak-Sharpe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e692","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10038","article-title":"Association of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use and Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma","volume":"77","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2001.82","article-title":"Angle closure risk from proprietary medicines","volume":"15","author":"Barrett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2010.01338.x","article-title":"Bilateral simultaneous acute angle closure glaucoma precipitated by non-prescription cold and flu medication","volume":"22","author":"Rudkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Med Australas"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.06.005","article-title":"Choroidal physiology and primary angle closure disease","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314418","article-title":"Upside-down position leads to choroidal expansion and anterior chamber shallowing: OCT study","volume":"104","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.08.009","article-title":"Angle-closure glaucoma-simpler answers to complex mechanisms: LXVI Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture","volume":"148","author":"Quigley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18449","article-title":"Effects of Valsalva Maneuver on Anterior Chamber Parameters and Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Chinese: An AS-OCT and SS-OCT Study","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309881","article-title":"Anterior but not posterior choroid changed before and during Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy Chinese: a UBM and SS-OCT study","volume":"101","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01158-2","article-title":"Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty versus conventional systemic medical therapy in treatment of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"109","author":"Lam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1966.00970050203010","article-title":"Adverse effects after glycerol orally and mannitol parenterally","volume":"75","author":"D'Alena","year":"1966","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100150552021","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by methazolamide treatment","volume":"115","author":"Shirato","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6441","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6441.347","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis induced by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and salicylates in patients with normal renal function","volume":"289","author":"Cowan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03340.x","article-title":"Acetazolamide blood concentrations are excessive in the elderly: propensity for acidosis and relationship to renal function","volume":"29","author":"Chapron","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(88)33110-6","article-title":"Blood dyscrasias and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors","volume":"95","author":"Mogk","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01123-5","article-title":"Primary phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation for acute angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"109","author":"Jacobi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.06.015","article-title":"Initial management of acute primary angle closure: a randomized trial comparing phacoemulsification with laser peripheral iridotomy","volume":"119","author":"Husain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.10.033","article-title":"Randomized trial of early phacoemulsification versus peripheral iridotomy to prevent intraocular pressure rise after acute primary angle closure","volume":"115","author":"Lam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.10.024","article-title":"Filtering blebs and aqueous pathway an immunocytological and in vivo confocal microscopy study","volume":"115","author":"Amar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.152496","article-title":"Conjunctival characteristics in primary open-angle glaucoma and modifications induced by trabeculectomy with mitomycin C: an in vivo confocal microscopy study","volume":"93","author":"Ciancaglini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00137-8","article-title":"Trabeculectomy for acute primary angle closure","volume":"107","author":"Aung","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.12.1771","article-title":"The Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study: 8. Risk of cataract formation after trabeculectomy","volume":"119","author":"AGIS (Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study) Investigators","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316259","article-title":"Factors associated with blindness three months following treatment for acute primary angle glaucoma","volume":"105","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00621-8","article-title":"Acute primary angle-closure: long-term intraocular pressure outcome in Asian eyes","volume":"131","author":"Aung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02060.x","article-title":"Outcomes following acute primary angle closure in an Asian population","volume":"37","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-015-0100-5","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after acute primary angle closure in a White Caucasian population","volume":"15","author":"Andreatta","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2023-324748","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after acute primary angle closure: case series from Moorfields Eye Hospital, UK","volume":"108","author":"Hamid","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1975.01010020277006","article-title":"Sensitivities of ocular tissues to acute pressure-induced ischemia","volume":"93","author":"Anderson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1999.5","article-title":"Limited argon laser peripheral iridoplasty as immediate treatment for an acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma: a preliminary study","volume":"13","author":"Lai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90275-0","article-title":"Immediate argon laser peripheral iridoplasty for acute attack of PACG (addendum to previous report)","volume":"106","author":"Tham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib61","first-page":"12","article-title":"Comparisons of laser peripheral iridoplasty and laser pupilloplasty in the treatment of acute primary angle closure patients[J\/OL]. Chinese","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876912","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1876912","article-title":"Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty and Argon Laser Pupilloplasty: Alternative Management for Medically Unresponsive Acute Primary Angle Closure","volume":"2019","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Spec Iss 2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib63","first-page":"5","article-title":"Benefits of anterior chamber paracentesis in the management of glaucomatous emergencies","author":"Cioboata","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0465-5","article-title":"Anterior chamber paracentesis in patients with acute elevation of intraocular pressure","volume":"245","author":"Arnavielle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00857-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of immediate anterior chamber paracentesis in the treatment of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma: a pilot study","volume":"109","author":"Lam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2013.04.012","article-title":"Effect of anterior chamber paracentesis on initial treatment of acute angle closure","volume":"48","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib67","series-title":"Eye on the Bayou, New Concepts in Glaucoma, Cataract and Neuro-Ophthalmology","article-title":"Slit lamp procedures in postoperative glaucoma management","author":"Palmberg","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib68","first-page":"CD015116","article-title":"Lens extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy for acute primary angle closure","volume":"3","author":"Ong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2009.23.4.286","article-title":"Prognostic factors for the success of laser iridotomy for acute primary angle closure glaucoma","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.01.036","article-title":"Acute primary angle closure: configuration of the drainage angle in the first year after laser peripheral iridotomy","volume":"111","author":"Lim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001287","article-title":"Angle, anterior chamber parameters, and intraocular pressure changes after early phacoemulsification in acute angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"49","author":"Anbar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)02108-6","article-title":"A pilot study of lens extraction in the management of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"135","author":"Ming Zhi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib73","series-title":"Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG): A Logical Approach in Management","author":"Tham","year":"2021"},{"issue":"10052","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30956-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of early lens extraction for the treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma (EAGLE): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"388","author":"Azuara-Blanco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2015.02.001","article-title":"Dry eye specific quality of life in veterans using glaucoma drops","volume":"38","author":"Camp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2004.00906.x","article-title":"What is the direct cost of treatment of acute primary angle closure glaucoma? The Singapore model","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000772","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of Phacoemulsification Versus Combined Phacotrabeculectomy for Treating Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001799","article-title":"Ten-Year Clinical Outcomes of Acute Primary Angle Closure Randomized to Receive Early Phacoemulsification Versus Laser Peripheral Iridotomy","volume":"30","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13024","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after acute primary angle closure of Caucasian chronic angle closure glaucoma patients","volume":"46","author":"Fea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.78.7.529","article-title":"Acute angle closure glaucoma: relative failure of YAG iridotomy in affected eyes and factors influencing outcome","volume":"78","author":"Buckley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.10.884","article-title":"A randomised prospective comparison of operative peripheral iridectomy and Nd:YAG laser iridotomy treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma: 3 year visual acuity and intraocular pressure control outcome","volume":"81","author":"Fleck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.2493","article-title":"Efficacy of Phacoemulsification Alone vs Phacoemulsification With Goniosynechialysis in Patients With Primary Angle-Closure Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"137","author":"Husain","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib83","first-page":"826","article-title":"Phacoemulsification with or without goniosynechialysis for angle-closure glaucoma: a global Meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000581","article-title":"Re-establishment of the Physiological Pathway of Aqueous Humor Drainage in Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis, and Goniotomy","volume":"11","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001868","article-title":"Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Phacogoniosynechialysis With Phacotrabeculectomy in the Management of Refractory Acute Primary Closure Angle Glaucoma With Cataract: A Multicenter Randomized Trial","volume":"30","author":"Nguyen Xuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2025.0685","article-title":"Two-Year Outcomes of Phacogoniotomy vs Phacotrabeculectomy for Advanced Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma With Cataract: A Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2023.100033","article-title":"Phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: A randomized non-inferiority trial","volume":"13","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2024-325375","article-title":"Two-year outcome of phacogoniotomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataracts: a multicentre study","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000579","article-title":"One-Year Results of a Multicenter Study: Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Combined Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis, and Goniotomy for Cases of Advanced Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma With Cataract","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e318064c803","article-title":"The prevalence of myopia in eyes with angle closure","volume":"16","author":"Chakravarti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.006","article-title":"Angle closure in highly myopic eyes","volume":"113","author":"Barkana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.02.006","article-title":"Myopia in asian subjects with primary angle closure: implications for glaucoma trends in East Asia","volume":"121","author":"Yong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2024.100123","article-title":"Axial elongation in nonpathologic high myopia: Ocular structural changes and glaucoma diagnostic challenges","volume":"13","author":"Kong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20181411","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokine profiles in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib95","first-page":"733","article-title":"Aqueous proinflammatory cytokines in acute primary angle-closure eyes","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13591","article-title":"Inflammation-related cytokines of aqueous humor in acute primary angle-closure eyes","volume":"55","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-313473","article-title":"Combined subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone for the management of acute primary angle closure: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"104","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.08.032","article-title":"Corneal indentation in the early management of acute angle closure","volume":"116","author":"Masselos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib99","series-title":"Glaucoma: science and practice","author":"Morrison","year":"2002"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.03.044","article-title":"Angle closure glaucoma","volume":"116","author":"Eke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e318241b85b","article-title":"Evaluation of secondary glaucoma associated with subluxated lens misdiagnosed as acute primary angle-closure glaucoma","volume":"22","author":"Luo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32639-8","article-title":"Acute angle-closure glaucoma from spontaneous massive hemorrhagic retinal or choroidal detachment. An updated diagnostic and therapeutic approach","volume":"97","author":"Pesin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.123148","article-title":"Macular hemorrhage as a cause of acute angle closure","volume":"61","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-008-0635-6","article-title":"Recurrent acute angle-closure attacks in age-related macular degeneration-associated massive posterior segment hemorrhage","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.05.027","article-title":"Secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma associated with vitreous hemorrhage after ruptured retinal arterial macroaneurysm","volume":"138","author":"Arthur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2007.21.1.61","article-title":"Acute angle-closure glaucoma from spontaneous massive hemorrhagic retinal detachment","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.12","article-title":"Phacoemulsification vs phacotrabeculectomy in chronic angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: complications [corrected]","volume":"128","author":"Tham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.06.016","article-title":"Phacoemulsification versus combined phacotrabeculectomy in medically controlled chronic angle closure glaucoma with cataract","volume":"115","author":"Tham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.12.054","article-title":"Phacoemulsification versus combined phacotrabeculectomy in medically uncontrolled chronic angle closure glaucoma with cataracts","volume":"116","author":"Tham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2021.03.007","article-title":"Combined Phacoemulsification-Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation versus Phacoemulsification Alone in Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"4","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13721","article-title":"Phacoemulsification vs phacoemulsification with micro-bypass stent implantation in primary angle closure and primary angle closure glaucoma: A randomized single-masked clinical study","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000307","article-title":"To Study the Efficacy of Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty in the Treatment of Eyes With Primary Angle Closure and Plateau Iris Syndrome, Unresponsive to Laser Peripheral Iridotomy, Using Anterior-Segment OCT as a Tool","volume":"25","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib113","first-page":"580","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of laser peripheral iridoplasty in reversing the darkroom provocative test result in Chinese patients with primary angle closure status post laser iridotomy","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e539","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13450","article-title":"Comparison of circumferential peripheral angle closure using iridotrabecular contact index after laser iridotomy versus combined laser iridotomy and iridoplasty","volume":"95","author":"Cho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-308720","article-title":"Temporal ocular coherence tomography-measured changes in anterior chamber angle and diurnal intraocular pressure after laser iridoplasty: IMPACT study","volume":"101","author":"Bourne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2011.25.4.252","article-title":"Laser peripheral iridotomy with iridoplasty in primary angle closure suspect: anterior chamber analysis by pentacam","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.11.002","article-title":"Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty for Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"123","author":"Narayanaswamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.02.004","article-title":"Laser peripheral iridotomy with and without iridoplasty for primary angle-closure glaucoma: 1-year results of a randomized pilot study","volume":"150","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162098925000908?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2162098925000908?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T05:53:30Z","timestamp":1764568410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2162098925000908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2162098925000908"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-0989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-0989","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Controversies, consensuses, and guidelines for acute primary angle closure attack (APACA) by the Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society (APGS) and the Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology (AAPPO)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjo.2025.100223","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology and Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100223"}}