{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:39:36Z","timestamp":1790959176882,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K11359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K11359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["apjon.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:12:29Z","timestamp":1658448749000},"page":"100120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pathophysiology of cachexia and characteristics of dysphagia in chronic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Haruyo","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1353-0150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kunihiro","family":"Sakuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3829","article-title":"Cancer cachexia: understanding the molecular basis","volume":"14","author":"Algil\u00e9s","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-014-0164-8","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and clinical impact of cachexia: facts and numbers-update 2014","volume":"5","author":"von Haehling","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2011.11.001","article-title":"Malnutrition and its impact on cost of hospitalization, length of stay, readmission and 3-year mortality","volume":"31","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.03.012","article-title":"EuroOOPS: an international, multicenter study to implement nutritional risk screening and evaluate clinical outcome","volume":"27","author":"Sorensen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1517\/14728210903369351","article-title":"Update on emerging drugs for cancer cachexia","volume":"14","author":"Murphy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expet Opin Emerg Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.1.53","article-title":"Body composition and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"82","author":"Schols","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1049","article-title":"Comparison of long-term outcome in anthracycline-related versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a single centre experience","volume":"20","author":"Fornaro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7","article-title":"Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus","volume":"12","author":"Fearon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13591","article-title":"Sarcopenia and dysphagia: position paper by four professional organizations","volume":"19","author":"Fujishima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1845","article-title":"Incidence of dysphagia and its association with functional recovery and 1-year mortality in hospitalized older patients with heart failure: a prospective cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Matsuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib11","first-page":"133","article-title":"Incidence of weight loss in head and neck cancer patients on commencing radiotherapy treatment at a regional oncology centre","volume":"8","author":"Lees","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.23.1763","article-title":"Biology of cachexia","volume":"89","author":"Tisdale","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nath Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2006.10.015","article-title":"Symptom prevalence in patients with incurable cancer: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Teunissen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Symptom Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0123-0","article-title":"Inter-tissue communication in cancer cachexia","volume":"15","author":"Argiles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426505020004369","article-title":"The cancer cachexia syndrome: a review of metabolic and clinical manifestations","volume":"20","author":"Esper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2012.209","article-title":"Understanding the mechanisms and treatment options in cancer cachexia","volume":"10","author":"Fearon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu086","article-title":"Validation of the consensus-definition for cancer cachexia and evaluation of a classification model\u2013a study based on data from an international multicentre project (EPCRC-CSA)","volume":"25","author":"Blum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.667440","article-title":"Evaluation\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0uptake of the Australian standardized terminology and definitions for texture modified foods and fluids","volume":"14","author":"Jukes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Speech Lang Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.11.022","article-title":"The risk of dysphagia is associated with malnutrition and poor functional outcomes in a large population of outpatient older individuals","volume":"38","author":"Tagliaferri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S107750","article-title":"European society for swallowing disorders-European union geriatric medicine society white paper: oropharyngeal dysphagia as a geriatric syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Baijens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4321\/S1130-01082004000200005","article-title":"Approaching oropharyngeal dysphagia","volume":"96","author":"Clav\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib22","first-page":"287","article-title":"Dysphagia in the elderly: management and nutritional considerations","volume":"7","author":"Sura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50270.x","article-title":"Prevalence of impaired swallowing in institutionalized older people in Taiwan","volume":"50","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib24","series-title":"Evaluation and Treatment of Swallowing Disorders","author":"Logemann","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000339986","article-title":"Pathophysiology, relevance and natural history of oropharyngeal dysphagia among older people","volume":"72","author":"Clav\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/818979","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of oropharyngeal dysphagia and its nutritional and respiratory complications in the elderly","author":"Rofes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9844-9","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and oropharyngeal dysphagia: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12941","article-title":"Dysphagia is associated with functional decline during acute-care hospitalization of older patients","volume":"17","author":"Matsuo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.04.014","article-title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a prevalent risk factor for malnutrition in a cohort of older patients admitted with an acute disease to a general hospital","volume":"34","author":"Carrion","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12000","article-title":"Interrelationship of oral health status, swallowing function, nutritional status, and cognitive ability with activities of daily living in Japanese elderly people receiving home care services due to physical disabilities","volume":"41","author":"Furuta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.518910","article-title":"Which reported estimate of the prevalence of malnutrition after stroke is valid?","volume":"40","author":"Foley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607116672264","volume":"42","author":"Mulasi","year":"2018","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib33","first-page":"3","article-title":"The influence of the initial state of nutrition on the lifespan of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) during home enteral nutrition","volume":"33","author":"Sznajder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.20960\/nh.561","article-title":"Enteral feeding through endoscopic\u00a0gastrostomy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients","volume":"33","author":"Nunes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0415","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the relationship between dysphagia and malnutrition following stroke","volume":"41","author":"Foley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2008.06.002","article-title":"Dysphagia in the elderly","volume":"19","author":"Humbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533609332005","article-title":"Senescent swallowing: impact, strategies, and interventions","volume":"24","author":"Ney","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4305.1264","article-title":"Temporal and biomechanical characteristics of oropharyngeal swallow in younger and older men","volume":"43","author":"Logemann","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-014-4183-7","article-title":"Age-related changes in swallowing. Physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"86","author":"Muhle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib40","article-title":"Cancer-associated cachexia","volume":"4","author":"Baracos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.07.016","article-title":"Control of food intake and muscle wasting in cachexia","volume":"45","author":"Amitani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu085","article-title":"Early recognition of malnutrition and cachexia in the cancer patients: a position paper of a European School of Oncology Task Force","volume":"25","author":"Aapro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2010.10.004","article-title":"Cancer cachexia: a systematic literature review of items and domains associated with involuntary weight loss in cancer","volume":"80","author":"Blum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-012-0099-x","article-title":"Nutrition impact symptoms in advanced cancer patients: frequency and specific interventions, a case-control study","volume":"4","author":"Omlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12103","article-title":"Heart failure epidemiology and novel treatments in Japan : facts and numbers","volume":"3","author":"Konishi","year":"2016","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurger.2016.11.011","article-title":"Impact of nutrition for rehabilitation of older patients : report on the 1st EICA-ESPRM-EUGMS train the trainers course","volume":"8","author":"Dionyssiotis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib47","first-page":"206","article-title":"Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) : proposal for informed concent","volume":"28","author":"Nacci","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(03)00098-0","article-title":"ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002","volume":"22","author":"Kandrup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10092","article-title":"Swallow function and perception of dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer","volume":"24","author":"Pauloski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0347(200008)22:5<474::AID-HED6>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Pretreatment swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer","volume":"22","author":"Pauloski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.3.371","article-title":"Swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer prior to treatment","volume":"126","author":"Stenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.02.005","article-title":"The relationship between observer-based toxicity scoring and patient assessed symptom severity after treatment for head and neck cancer. A correlative cross sectional study of the DAHANCA toxicity scoring system and the EORTC quality of life questionnaires","volume":"78","author":"Jensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rediother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib53","first-page":"433","article-title":"Swallowing dysfunction in cancer patients","volume":"20","author":"Raber-Durlacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2007.08.006","article-title":"Long-term prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients: impact on quality of life","volume":"26","author":"Garc\u00eda-Peris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/98862877","article-title":"Analysis of the factors influencing dysphagia severity diagnosis of head and neck cancer","volume":"81","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5041316","article-title":"Undernutrition in patients with COPD and its treatment","volume":"5","author":"Itoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib57","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of diagnostic biomarkers of COPD exacerbation","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.03.045","article-title":"I\u03baB kinase-driven nuclear factor-\u03baB activation in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"128","author":"Gagliardo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.03.155","article-title":"Sarcopenia, cachexia, and muscle performance in heart failure: review update 2016","volume":"238","author":"Saitoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2010007500150","article-title":"Three-year follow-up study of respiratory and systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"44","author":"Ferrari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00074807","article-title":"Possible mechanisms underlying the development of cachexia in COPD","volume":"31","author":"Wagner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9924(99)00026-X","article-title":"Prevalence and nature of dysphagia in VA patients with COPD referred for videofluoroscopic swallow examination","volume":"33","author":"Good-Fratturelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Commun Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.2.361","article-title":"Oropharyngeal deglutition in stable COPD","volume":"121","author":"Mokhlesi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S165657","article-title":"Oropharyngeal swallowing physiology and swallowing-related quality of life in underweight patients with concomitant advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Garand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201402-0373ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"189","author":"Maltais","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200807-1139OC","article-title":"The coordination of breathing and swallowing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"179","author":"Gross","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib67","first-page":"499","article-title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"O\u2019Kane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev CEFAC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib68","first-page":"74","article-title":"Relationship between dysphagia and exacerbations in chronic obstructive\u00a0pulmonary disease: a literature review","volume":"19","author":"Steidl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.05.024","article-title":"Swallowing function and chronic respiratory disease: systematic review","volume":"117","author":"Ghannouchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.2.347","article-title":"Cricopharyngeal dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"97","author":"Stein","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.4.1043","article-title":"Increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with COPD","volume":"119","author":"Mokhlesi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0482","article-title":"Abnormal Swallowing Reflex and COPD Exacerbations","volume":"137","author":"Terada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib73","first-page":"489","article-title":"Oral and pharyngeal bolus transit in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"10","author":"Cassiani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2010.01875.x","article-title":"Laryngeal penetration and aspiration in individuals with stable COPD","volume":"16","author":"Cvejic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib75","first-page":"74","article-title":"Cardiac cachexia: perspectives for prevention and treatment","volume":"108","author":"Okoshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib76","first-page":"347","article-title":"Cardiac alterations in cancer-induced cachexia in mice","volume":"37","author":"Tian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.207","article-title":"Acute heart failure in elderly patients: worse outcomes and differential utility of standard prognostic variables. Insights from the PROTECT trial","volume":"17","author":"Metra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib78","series-title":"Sarcopenia : Molecular Mechanism and Treatment Strategies","first-page":"267","article-title":"Dysphagia of cachexia and sarcopenia","author":"Matsuo","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020894","article-title":"Gastrointestinal and liver issues in heart failure","volume":"133","author":"Sundaram","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199007263230405","article-title":"Elevated circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor in severe chronic heart failure","volume":"323","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.25.3060","article-title":"Plasma cytokine parameters and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"102","author":"Rauchhaus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1054\/npep.1999.0048","article-title":"Interleukins and tumor necrosis factor as inhibitors of food intake","volume":"33","author":"Langhans","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00946-X","article-title":"Is nutritional intake adequate in chronic heart failure patients?","volume":"42","author":"Aquilani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib84","first-page":"307","article-title":"Prognostic importance of objective nutritional indexes in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"62","author":"Narumi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12465","article-title":"Risk of malnutrition is associated with poor physical function in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation following heart failure","volume":"76","author":"Matsuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00006","article-title":"Increased resting metabolic rate in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"121","author":"Poehlman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.3.836","article-title":"Cardiac cachexia: a syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation","volume":"115","author":"Anker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607112440285","article-title":"Consensus statement: academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition)","volume":"36","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.02.004","article-title":"Changes in body composition in heart failure patients after a resistance exercise program and branched chain amino acid supplementation","volume":"35","author":"Pineda-Ju\u00e1res","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-014-0162-x","article-title":"Rehabilitation nutrition for sarcopenia with disability: a combination of both rehabilitation and nutrition care management","volume":"5","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.03.019","article-title":"Interventions for treating sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies","volume":"18","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02640-6","article-title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia after cardiac operations","volume":"71","author":"Ferraris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.129","article-title":"Consequence of dysphagia in the hospitalized patient: impact on prognosis and hospital resources","volume":"136","author":"Altman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S196802","article-title":"Emerging treatment options for cancer-associated cachexia: a literature review","volume":"29","author":"Naito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Therapeut Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665115002311","article-title":"The effectiveness of nutritional interventions in malnutrition and cachexia","volume":"74","author":"Baldwin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy114","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for oral nutritional intervention on nutritional and clinical outcomes during","volume":"29","author":"de van der Schueren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib97","first-page":"CD010804","article-title":"Exercise for cancer cachexia in adults","volume":"26","author":"Grande","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560902960162","article-title":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate in the management of cancer cachexia","volume":"10","author":"Madeddu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expet Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.10.1479","article-title":"Effect of a protein and energy dense N-3 fatty acid enriched oral supplement on loss of weight and lean tissue in cancer cachexia: a randomised double blind trial","volume":"52","author":"Fearon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216311418709","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review on the role of fish oil for the treatment of cachexia in advanced cancer: an EPCRC cachexia guidelines project","volume":"26","author":"Ries","year":"2012","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib101","first-page":"947","article-title":"Web questionnaire survey on appetite loss and weight loss associated with cancer cachexia Japanese Evidence for Patients of Cancer Cachexia(J-EPOCC)-The problem awareness of appetite loss and weight loss","volume":"47","author":"Morimoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gan to Kagaku Ryoho"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib102","series-title":"Refusal of the Marketing Authorization for Adlumiz(anamorelin Hydrochloride)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.106","article-title":"The anticholinetgic risk scale and anticholinergic adverse effects in older persons","volume":"168","author":"Rudolph","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05805-X","article-title":"Amantadine and pneumonia","volume":"353","author":"Nakagawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000150897.14961.0F","article-title":"ACE inhibitors and protection against pneumonia in elderly patients with stroke","volume":"64","author":"Arai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0049-1","article-title":"Post-stroke pneumonia prevention by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: results of a meta-analysis of five studies in Asians","volume":"29","author":"Shinohara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.10.049","article-title":"Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase prevents pneumonia in a rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model","volume":"158","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-002-0054-7","article-title":"Aspiration risk after acute stroke: Comparison of clinical examination and fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing","volume":"17","author":"Leder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970510026999","article-title":"Identification of a simple screening tool for dysphagia in patients with stroke using factor analysis of multiple dysphagia variables","volume":"37","author":"Nishiwaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rehabil Med"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2347562522001780?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2347562522001780?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T10:03:35Z","timestamp":1762423415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2347562522001780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2347562522001780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120","relation":{},"ISSN":["2347-5625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2347-5625","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pathophysiology of cachexia and characteristics of dysphagia in chronic diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apjon.2022.100120","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Asian Oncology Nursing Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100120"}}