{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T23:10:59Z","timestamp":1788477059328,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,3]],"date-time":"2008-07-03T08:46:14Z","timestamp":1215074774000},"page":"1589-1593","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain Syndrome: Frequency and Characteristics During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Alexander W.","family":"Dromerick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy F.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.10.004","article-title":"Mechanisms for recovery of motor function following cortical damage","volume":"16","author":"Nudo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S50","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000086993.06450.C0","article-title":"Stroke: promising neurorehabilitation interventions and steps toward testing them","volume":"82","author":"Good","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.2.358","article-title":"Medical and neurological complications during stroke rehabilitation","volume":"25","author":"Dromerick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/026921558800200106","article-title":"Shoulder pain in hemiplegia: a literature review","volume":"2","author":"Roy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1177\/026921559400800410","article-title":"Shoulder pain in acutely admitted hemiplegics","volume":"8","author":"Roy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib6","first-page":"673","article-title":"Painful shoulder in the hemiplegic and unilateral neglect","volume":"71","author":"Poulin de Courval","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib7","series-title":"The shoulder in hemiplegia","author":"Cailliet","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-3801(02)00055-1","article-title":"Poststroke shoulder pain: a prospective study of the association and risk factors in 152 patients from a consecutive cohort of 205 patients presenting with stroke","volume":"6","author":"Gamble","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.50.3.194","article-title":"Shoulder pain and subluxation after stroke: correlation or coincidence?","volume":"50","author":"Zorowitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.44.6.507","article-title":"Shoulder subluxation and pain in stroke patients","volume":"44","author":"Bohannon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib11","first-page":"514","article-title":"Shoulder pain in hemiplegia: statistical relationship with five variables","volume":"67","author":"Bohannon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360507","article-title":"The shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"36","author":"Braus","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib13","first-page":"356","article-title":"Shoulder-hand syndrome in a hemiplegic population: a 5-year prospective study","volume":"58","author":"Davies","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00408-8","article-title":"Arthrographic and clinical findings in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain","volume":"84","author":"Lo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib15","first-page":"415","article-title":"Stroke and brachial plexus injury: a difficult problem","volume":"58","author":"Kaplan","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib16","first-page":"409","article-title":"The source of shoulder pain in hemiplegia","volume":"73","author":"Joynt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib17","first-page":"131","article-title":"Rotator cuff injury in shoulder joints of hemiplegic patients","volume":"3","author":"Najenson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.10.004","article-title":"Hemiplegic shoulder pain syndrome: interrater reliability of physical diagnosis signs","volume":"87","author":"Dromerick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90044-5","article-title":"The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods","volume":"1","author":"Melzack","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.7.864","article-title":"Measurement of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale","volume":"20","author":"Brott","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib21","series-title":"Technique of the neurologic examination","author":"DeMyer","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.35474","article-title":"Inter- and intrarater reliability of the Ashworth Scale and the Disability Assessment Scale in patients with upper-limb poststroke spasticity","volume":"83","author":"Brashear","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physical examination of the shoulder: physical examination of the spine and extremities","author":"Hoppenfeld","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30678-7","article-title":"The shoulder in sports","volume":"8","author":"Neer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib25","series-title":"The shoulder","author":"Rowe","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.1981.11711099","article-title":"Functional examination of the shoulder girdle","volume":"9","author":"Davies","year":"1981","journal-title":"Phys Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.17.2095","article-title":"Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy on upper extremity function 3 to 9 months after stroke: the EXCITE randomized clinical trial","volume":"296","author":"Wolf","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib28","first-page":"465","article-title":"Very Early Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (VECTORS): phase II trial results","volume":"38","author":"Dromerick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2004.827225","article-title":"Evidence for improved muscle activation patterns after retraining of reaching movements with the MIME robotic system in subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis","volume":"12","author":"Lum","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-004-0064-z","article-title":"Robotics and other devices in the treatment of patients recovering from stroke","volume":"6","author":"Volpe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200112000-00011","article-title":"Intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation for upper limb recovery in chronic hemiplegia","volume":"80","author":"Chae","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/0888439003259415","article-title":"Treatment interventions for the paretic upper limb of stroke survivors: a critical review","volume":"17","author":"Barreca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199809000-00012","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia","volume":"77","author":"Ikai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.05.001","article-title":"Predictability of simple clinical tests to identify shoulder pain after stroke","volume":"88","author":"Rajaratnam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-9651(03)00131-1","article-title":"Disorders of the long head of the biceps tendon","volume":"15","author":"Paynter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib36","first-page":"196","article-title":"The shoulder complex: joint structure and function","author":"Levangie","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80051-6","article-title":"Role of the long head of the biceps brachii in glenohumeral stability: a biomechanical study in cadavera","volume":"5","author":"Pagnani","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B4.8331107","article-title":"Stabilising function of the biceps in stable and unstable shoulders","volume":"75","author":"Itoi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2003.12.006","article-title":"Shoulder impingement syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3109\/09638289609166035","article-title":"Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP): natural history and investigation of associated features","volume":"18","author":"Wanklyn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999308003134?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999308003134?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T21:57:02Z","timestamp":1631483822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999308003134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999308003134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.10.051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}}}