{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T23:21:20Z","timestamp":1793575280034,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]],"date-time":"2017-08-31T05:02:23Z","timestamp":1504155743000},"page":"383-389.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Effectiveness of Exercise Programs in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Virginie","family":"P\u00e9courneau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Degbo\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Barnetche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Cantagrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Constantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-2138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeline","family":"Ruyssen-Witrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341003","article-title":"The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy","volume":"34","author":"Dougados","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.10.009","article-title":"The burden of non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"44","author":"Boonen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib3","first-page":"85","article-title":"[Criteria of the classification of spondylarthropathies]","volume":"57","author":"Amor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21688","article-title":"Do patients with non-radiographic axial spondylarthritis differ from patients with ankylosing spondylitis?","volume":"64","author":"Kiltz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.145995","article-title":"Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2 years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"70","author":"Poddubnyy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"369","author":"Braun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.019224","article-title":"Health status of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison with the general population","volume":"63","author":"Dagfinrud","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20910","article-title":"Fatigue in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison with the general population and associations with clinical and self-reported measures","volume":"53","author":"Dagfinrud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181c10773","article-title":"The high prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis without clinically evident cardiovascular disease","volume":"88","author":"Gonzalez-Juanatey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090010","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory arthritis in primary care: a cross-sectional observation","volume":"36","author":"Peters","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85309","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085309","article-title":"Physical activity assessment in patients with axial spondyloarthritis compared to healthy controls: a technology-based approach","volume":"9","author":"Swinnen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12347","article-title":"Aerobic capacity and its correlates in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"19","author":"Hsieh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(99)90036-7","article-title":"An investigation of factors limiting aerobic capacity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"93","author":"Carter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib14","first-page":"503","article-title":"Relationship between pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"18","author":"Seckin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520380029031","article-title":"Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men","volume":"273","author":"Blair","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(01)02064-5","article-title":"Signal transduction by tumor necrosis factor and its relatives","volume":"11","author":"Baud","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20977","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis before and after therapy with the tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor fusion protein etanercept","volume":"52","author":"Baraliakos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.033472","article-title":"Radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis after 2 years of treatment with the tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody infliximab","volume":"64","author":"Baraliakos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108688","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108688","article-title":"Effectiveness of high intensity exercise on disease activity and cardiovascular risk in active axial spondyloarthritis: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Sveaas","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.100987","article-title":"Rehabilitation treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis stabilized with tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Masiero","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-1932-9","article-title":"Effect of Pilates training on people with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"32","author":"Altan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.041137","article-title":"ASAS\/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"65","author":"Zochling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2254","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002254","article-title":"Concurrent intervention with exercises and stabilized tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy reduced the disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii1","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.104018","article-title":"The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis","volume":"68 Suppl 2","author":"Sieper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270401","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria","volume":"27","author":"van der Linden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib26","first-page":"1954","article-title":"Evaluation of a French version of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index in patients with spondyloarthropathy","volume":"24","author":"Claudepierre","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.8.793","article-title":"Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index","volume":"34","author":"Calin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","article-title":"Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?","volume":"17","author":"Jadad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.05.004","article-title":"A checklist to evaluate a report of a nonpharmacological trial (CLEAR NPT) was developed using consensus","volume":"58","author":"Boutron","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-008-0756-8","article-title":"Effects of a home-based exercise program on quality of life, fatigue, and depression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"29","author":"Durmus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2008.06.013","article-title":"Effects of two exercise interventions on pulmonary functions in the patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"76","author":"Durmus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/01.phm.0000223358.25983.df","article-title":"One-year follow-up of two exercise interventions for the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"85","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-Las-Pe\u00f1as","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib33","first-page":"449","article-title":"Are swimming or aerobic exercise better than conventional exercise in ankylosing spondylitis patients? A randomized controlled study","volume":"45","author":"Karapolat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1078","article-title":"A three-week multidisciplinary in-patient rehabilitation programme had positive long-term effects in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Kjeken","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-2965-7","article-title":"Exercise therapy for spondyloarthritis: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"O'Dwyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.096073","article-title":"ASAS\/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis: the patient version","volume":"68","author":"Kiltz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200838120-00005","article-title":"Exercise, vascular wall and cardiovascular diseases: an update (Part 1)","volume":"38","author":"Leung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090667","article-title":"Signs of accelerated preclinical atherosclerosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"37","author":"Peters","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib39","first-page":"2832","article-title":"Study of bone mineral density in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib40","first-page":"CD000333","article-title":"Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women","author":"Howe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-011-1791-5","article-title":"Home-based exercise therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: effects on pain, mobility, disease activity, quality of life, and respiratory functions","volume":"31","author":"Aytekin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.113696","article-title":"EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Peters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205675","article-title":"Risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"74","author":"Ogdie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22264","article-title":"Prevention of cardiovascular disease: highlights for the clinician of the 2013 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association guidelines","volume":"37","author":"Wenger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R108","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3833","article-title":"Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis - prevalence, risk factors and methods of assessment","volume":"14","author":"Klingberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200535090-00004","article-title":"Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors","volume":"35","author":"Borer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.45.9.736","article-title":"Pulmonary involvement in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"45","author":"Feltelius","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749209095061","article-title":"Effect of physiotherapy on spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"21","author":"Viitanen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib49","first-page":"641","article-title":"Pleuro-pulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"52","author":"Rosenow","year":"1977","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.16.1547","article-title":"Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men","volume":"282","author":"Wei","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e3180616b27","article-title":"Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association","volume":"39","author":"Blair","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150518","article-title":"Effects of aerobic training in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"42","author":"Jennings","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-1938-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of global postural reeducation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"32","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999317310195?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999317310195?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T06:19:40Z","timestamp":1750832380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999317310195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999317310195"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effectiveness of Exercise Programs in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.07.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}