{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:24:22Z","timestamp":1760955862658},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,28]],"date-time":"2018-05-28T16:33:13Z","timestamp":1527525193000},"page":"2504-2512.e12","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development of a Multivariate Prognostic Model for Pain and Activity Limitation in People With Low Back Disorders Receiving Physiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Jon J.","family":"Ford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matt C.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke D.","family":"Surkitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander Y.P.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas F.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Hahne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.03.032","article-title":"Natural course of acute neck and low back pain in the general population: the HUNT study","volume":"154","author":"Vasseljen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110388","article-title":"Prognostic factors for recovery in chronic nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"92","author":"Verkerk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E109","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200203010-00017","article-title":"A systematic review of psychological factors as predictors of chronicity\/disability in prospective cohorts of low back pain","volume":"27","author":"Pincus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-208","article-title":"Prognostic factors in non-surgically treated sciatica: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Ashworth","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.09.004","article-title":"Systematic reviews of low back pain prognosis had variable methods and results: guidance for future prognosis reviews","volume":"62","author":"Hayden","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2007.05.009","article-title":"Can we predict poor recovery from recent-onset nonspecific low back pain? A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Kent","year":"2008","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmq072","article-title":"Psychosocial risk factors for chronic low back pain in primary care: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Ramond","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2011.04.001","article-title":"A systematic review of instruments for the assessment of work-related psychosocial factors (Blue Flags) in individuals with non-specific low back pain","volume":"16","author":"Gray","year":"2011","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.036046","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of failure to return to work in nonchronic nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Iles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib10","first-page":"e2","article-title":"Psychosocial factors at work in relation to low back pain and consequences of low back pain; a systematic, critical review of prospective cohort studies","volume":"61","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.07.010","article-title":"Do various baseline characteristics of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus predict clinical outcomes in non-specific low back pain? A systematic review","volume":"154","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31826f9a52","article-title":"The impact of low back-related leg pain on outcomes as compared with low back pain alone: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Konstantinou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b43a41","article-title":"The prognostic value of symptom responses in the conservative management of spinal pain: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Chorti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1067\/mmt.2001.114361","article-title":"Prognostic values of physical examination findings in patients with chronic low back pain treated conservatively: a systematic literature review","volume":"24","author":"Borge","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1616-2","article-title":"The relationship between physical activity and low back pain outcomes: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"20","author":"Hendrick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000166523.84016.4b","article-title":"Classification in nonspecific low back pain: what methods do primary care clinicians currently use?","volume":"30","author":"Kent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib17","series-title":"Maitland's vertebral manipulation","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.05.007","article-title":"Preliminary state of development of prediction models for primary care physical therapy: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"van Oort","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0433-8","article-title":"Value of predictive instruments to determine persisting restriction of function in patients with subacute non-specific low back pain. Systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Hilfiker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095058","article-title":"Individualized physiotherapy as an adjunct to guideline-based advice for low back disorders in primary care: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"50","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-104","article-title":"Specific treatment of problems of the spine (STOPS): design of a randomised controlled trial comparing specific physiotherapy versus advice for people with subacute low back disorders","volume":"12","author":"Hahne","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2012.05.007","article-title":"Pathoanatomy and classification of low back disorders","volume":"18","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2013.01.007","article-title":"Complexity in the physiotherapy management of low back disorders: clinical and research implications","volume":"18","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199502001-00011","article-title":"Good prognosis for low back pain when left untampered. A randomized clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Indahl","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1179\/1743288X11Y.0000000037","article-title":"A classification and treatment protocol for low back disorders. Part 3: functional restoration for intervertebral disc related disorders","volume":"17","author":"Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1179\/1743288X12Y.0000000034","article-title":"A classification and treatment protocol for low back disorders. Part 4: functional restoration for low back disorders associated with multifactorial persistent pain","volume":"17","author":"Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1179\/1743288X11Y.0000000033","article-title":"A classification and treatment protocol for low back disorders. Part 2: directional preference management for reducible discogenic pain","volume":"16","author":"Ford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1179\/1743288X11Y.0000000005","article-title":"A classification and treatment protocol for low back disorders. Part 1: specific manual therapy","volume":"16","author":"Ford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.02.010","article-title":"The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Subjective Complaints Questionnaire for low back pain","volume":"14","author":"Ford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2009.04.007","article-title":"The impact of socioeconomic position on sport participation among South Australian youth","volume":"13","author":"Dollman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2005.02.008","article-title":"Health inequalities across socio-economic groups: comparing geographic-area\u2013based and individual-based indicators","volume":"119","author":"Walker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21619","article-title":"Inflammatory back pain in ankylosing spondylitis: a reassessment of the clinical history for application as classification and diagnostic criteria","volume":"54","author":"Rudwaleit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.04.003","article-title":"Mechanical or inflammatory low back pain. What are the potential signs and symptoms?","volume":"14","author":"Walker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03270510035017","article-title":"Clinical history as a screening test for ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"237","author":"Calin","year":"1977","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib36","first-page":"21","article-title":"Early diagnosis crucial in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"255","author":"Malaviya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2012.09.007","article-title":"Preliminary evidence for the features of nonreducible discogenic low back pain: survey of an international physiotherapy expert panel with the Delphi technique","volume":"99","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(96)80214-5","article-title":"Interreader reliability for a new classification of lumbar disk disease","volume":"3","author":"Jarvik","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199509000-00011","article-title":"Assessing health-related quality of life in patients with sciatica","volume":"20","author":"Patrick","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000208243.33498.cb","article-title":"Screening for yellow flags in first-time acute low back pain: reliability and validity of a Norwegian version of the Acute Low Back Pain Screening Questionnaire","volume":"22","author":"Grotle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib41","first-page":"1528","article-title":"Health-related quality of life: validity, reliability, and responsiveness of SF-36, 15D, EQ-5D (corrected) RAQoL, and HAQ in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Linde","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2007.10.007","article-title":"Do psychosocial factors predict disability and health at a 3-year follow-up for patients with nonacute musculoskeletal pain? A validation of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire","volume":"12","author":"Westman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818916fd","article-title":"Responsiveness of a patient specific outcome measure compared with the Oswestry Disability Index v2.1 and Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire for patients with subacute and chronic low back pain","volume":"33","author":"Frost","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2005.03.003","article-title":"Clinically important outcomes in low back pain","volume":"19","author":"Ostelo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000164099.92112.29","article-title":"Responsiveness of the numeric pain rating scale in patients with low back pain","volume":"30","author":"Childs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib46","first-page":"462","article-title":"Identification and assessment of prognostic factors","volume":"15","author":"George","year":"1988","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21942","article-title":"Predictors of treatment outcomes among depressed women with childhood sexual abuse histories","volume":"29","author":"Cort","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr580","article-title":"Development and validation of a prediction index for hand\u2013foot skin reaction in cancer patients receiving sorafenib","volume":"23","author":"Dranitsaris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1086\/224870","article-title":"Path analysis and ordinal data","volume":"75","author":"Boyle","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-171","article-title":"Prognostic implications of the Quebec Task Force classification of back-related leg pain: an analysis of longitudinal routine clinical data","volume":"14","author":"Kongsted","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24731","article-title":"Do psychological characteristics predict response to exercise and advice for subacute low back pain?","volume":"61","author":"Smeets","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.11.027","article-title":"Mindfulness, functioning, and catastrophizing after multidisciplinary pain management for chronic low back pain","volume":"153","author":"Cassidy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.11.002","article-title":"Distinctiveness of psychological obstacles to recovery in low back pain patients in primary care","volume":"148","author":"Foster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-126","article-title":"Does a patient's physical activity predict recovery from an episode of acute low back pain? A prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Hendrick","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk052","article-title":"Relaxing the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and Cox regression","volume":"165","author":"Vittinghoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment","volume":"10","author":"Costello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Research & Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib57","series-title":"Multivariable analysis: a practical guide for clinicians and public health researchers","author":"Katz","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-183","article-title":"Prognostic factors for non-success in patients with sciatica and disc herniation","volume":"13","author":"Haugen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.05.035","article-title":"Conceptual overlap of psychological constructs in low back pain","volume":"154","author":"Campbell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13","article-title":"Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models","volume":"73","author":"Liang","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20120216","article-title":"Which prognostic factors for low back pain are generic predictors of outcome across a range of recovery domains?","volume":"93","author":"Cook","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00101-8","article-title":"Predictive factors for 1-year outcome of low-back and neck pain in patients treated in primary care: comparison between the treatment strategies chiropractic and physiotherapy","volume":"77","author":"Skargren","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare.2012.d4920rep","article-title":"Development of Prognosis in Palliative care Study (PiPS) predictor models to improve prognostication in advanced cancer: prospective cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Gwilliam","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-0086-2","article-title":"The effect of weight loss on changes in health-related quality of life among overweight and obese women with urinary incontinence","volume":"21","author":"Pinto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b2393","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2393","article-title":"Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls","volume":"338","author":"Sterne","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.2.147","article-title":"Missing data: our view of the state of the art","volume":"7","author":"Schafer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2010.02274.x","article-title":"The use and reporting of multiple imputation in medical research-a review","volume":"268","author":"Mackinnon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-132","article-title":"Predictors of web-based follow-up response in the Prevention Of Low Back Pain In The Military Trial (POLM)","volume":"12","author":"Childs","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48726","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048726","article-title":"The determinants of HIV treatment costs in resource limited settings","volume":"7","author":"Menzies","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1993.10594284","article-title":"Approximate inference in generalized linear mixed models","volume":"88","author":"Breslow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.007","article-title":"Predicting the evolution of low back pain patients in routine clinical practice: results from a registry within the Spanish National Health Service","volume":"12","author":"Kovacs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.03.032","article-title":"Synthesis of recommendations for the assessment and management of low back pain from recent clinical practice guidelines","volume":"10","author":"Dagenais","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2009.12.005","article-title":"What is the prognosis of back pain?","volume":"24","author":"Hayden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib74","series-title":"The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy","author":"McKenzie","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2012.05.003","article-title":"Centralization and directional preference: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"May","year":"2012","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.07.016","article-title":"Healing of a painful intervertebral disc should not be confused with reversing disc degeneration: implications for physical therapies for discogenic back pain","volume":"25","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110537","article-title":"Preliminary validation of a self-reported screening questionnaire for inflammatory back pain","volume":"39","author":"Keeling","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815b9850","article-title":"ISSLS prize winner: repeated disc injury causes persistent inflammation","volume":"32","author":"Ulrich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2011.085506","article-title":"Is activation of transversus abdominis and obliquus internus abdominis associated with long-term changes in chronic low back pain? A prospective study with 1-year follow-up","volume":"46","author":"Unsgaard-Tondel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.061515","article-title":"Changes in recruitment of transversus abdominis correlate with disability in people with chronic low back pain","volume":"44","author":"Ferreira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib81","series-title":"Spinal control: the rehabilitation of back pain","author":"Hodges","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.1.95","article-title":"Risk factors for persistent chronic widespread pain: a community-based study","volume":"40","author":"McBeth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-002-0427-5","article-title":"Pain-drawing does not predict the outcome of fusion surgery for chronic low-back pain: a report from the Swedish Lumbar Spine Study","volume":"12","author":"Hagg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2011.01790.x","article-title":"Parent of origin effects","volume":"81","author":"Guilmatre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-6-200603210-00010","article-title":"Evaluation of the quality of prognosis studies in systematic reviews","volume":"144","author":"Hayden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g7594","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7594","article-title":"Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"350","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199809000-00007","article-title":"Can we screen for problematic back pain? A screening questionnaire for predicting outcome in acute and subacute back pain","volume":"14","author":"Linton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999318303174?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999318303174?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T02:52:44Z","timestamp":1720320764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999318303174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999318303174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development of a Multivariate Prognostic Model for Pain and Activity Limitation in People With Low Back Disorders Receiving Physiotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}