{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:34:33Z","timestamp":1790393673282,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12 HD001402\/HD\/NICHD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12 HD001402\/HD\/NICHD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M01 RR000032\/RR\/NCRR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01 RR000032\/RR\/NCRR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIDLRR","award":["02-90SI501901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-90SI501901"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011531","name":"University of Alabama","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T23:16:19Z","timestamp":1539299779000},"page":"1061-1067.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Differences in Glucose Metabolism Among Women With Spinal Cord Injury May Not Be Fully Explained by Variations in Body Composition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary R.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amie","family":"McLain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ceren","family":"Yarar-Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3102161","article-title":"Coronary heart disease in individuals with spinal cord injury: assessment of risk factors","volume":"46","author":"Bauman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2014.04.006","article-title":"Reducing cardiometabolic disease in spinal cord injury","volume":"25","author":"Kressler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(94)90126-0","article-title":"Disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in veterans with paraplegia or quadriplegia: a model of premature aging","volume":"43","author":"Bauman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2001.11753584","article-title":"Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"24","author":"Bauman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib5","unstructured":"National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. 2016 SCIMS annual report \u2013 complete public version. Available at: https:\/\/www.nscisc.uab.edu. Accessed December 1, 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772314Y.0000000245","article-title":"Effects of spinal cord injury on body composition and metabolic profile - part I","volume":"37","author":"Gorgey","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-9651(18)30150-5","article-title":"Metabolic changes in persons after spinal cord injury","volume":"11","author":"Bauman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00729.2002","article-title":"Factors influencing body composition in persons with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study","volume":"95","author":"Spungen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.30.12.1000","article-title":"The effect of insulin on the disposal of intravenous glucose. Results from indirect calorimetry and hepatic and femoral venous catheterization","volume":"30","author":"DeFronzo","year":"1981","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200411000-00008","article-title":"Energy expenditure in chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"7","author":"Buchholz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.6.1223","article-title":"Lower daily energy expenditure as measured by a respiratory chamber in subjects with spinal cord injury compared with control subjects","volume":"68","author":"Monroe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib12","first-page":"E593","article-title":"Intact glucose transport in morphologically altered denervated skeletal muscle from quadriplegic patients","volume":"271","author":"Aksnes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100893","article-title":"The effect of residual neurological deficit on oral glucose tolerance in persons with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"37","author":"Bauman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2017.1357918","article-title":"The influence of level of spinal cord injury on adipose tissue and its relationship to inflammatory adipokines and cardiometabolic profiles","volume":"41","author":"Farkas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2281.2000.00263.x","article-title":"Lipoproteins and free plasma catecholamines in spinal cord injured men with different injury levels","volume":"20","author":"Schmid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e3181f68aba","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk in community-dwelling persons with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"31","author":"Groah","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2017.08.436","article-title":"Gender dimorphism in central adiposity may explain metabolic dysfunction after spinal cord injury","volume":"10","author":"Gorgey","year":"2018","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1310\/sci2002-96","article-title":"Cardiometabolic changes and disparities among persons with spinal cord injury: a 17-year cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Szlachcic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.9.1462","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp","volume":"22","author":"Matsuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.6.1351","article-title":"Total and visceral adipose-tissue volumes derived from measurements with computed tomography in adult men and women: predictive equations","volume":"48","author":"Kvist","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.316","article-title":"Exercise training prevents regain of visceral fat for 1 year following weight loss","volume":"18","author":"Hunter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib22","first-page":"S8","article-title":"Classification and diagnosis of diabetes","volume":"38","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-5133-4","article-title":"Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale","volume":"475","author":"Roberts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.2.371","article-title":"Differences in resting metabolic rate between paraplegic and able-bodied subjects are explained by differences in body composition","volume":"77","author":"Buchholz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1064","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk factors in experimental spinal cord injury","volume":"27","author":"Inskip","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.29.11.906","article-title":"Glucose intolerance due to insulin resistance in patients with spinal cord injuries","volume":"29","author":"Duckworth","year":"1980","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364818","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1364818","article-title":"Liver adiposity and metabolic profile in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"2017","author":"Rankin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.8.3.218","article-title":"Glucose uptake and response to insulin of the isolated rat diaphragm: the effect of denervation","volume":"8","author":"Buse","year":"1959","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101652","article-title":"Intramuscular fat and glucose tolerance after spinal cord injury--a cross-sectional study","volume":"42","author":"Elder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101968","article-title":"Skeletal muscle atrophy and increased intramuscular fat after incomplete spinal cord injury","volume":"45","author":"Gorgey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00122.2013","article-title":"Skeletal muscle signaling associated with impaired glucose tolerance in spinal cord-injured men and the effects of contractile activity","volume":"115","author":"Yarar-Fisher","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3687-9","article-title":"Skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass is linked to lipid and metabolic profile in individuals with spinal cord injury","volume":"117","author":"O'Brien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13080","article-title":"Mitochondrial mass and activity as a function of body composition in individuals with spinal cord injury","volume":"5","author":"O'Brien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2010.08.002","article-title":"Central adiposity associations to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in individuals with complete motor spinal cord injury","volume":"60","author":"Gorgey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.229","article-title":"Fat distribution, aerobic fitness, blood lipids, and insulin sensitivity in African-American and European-American women","volume":"18","author":"Hunter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.3.855","article-title":"Regional fat distribution in women and risk of cardiovascular disease","volume":"65","author":"Williams","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2011.01.011","article-title":"A preliminary report on the effects of the level of spinal cord injury on the association between central adiposity and metabolic profile","volume":"3","author":"Gorgey","year":"2011","journal-title":"PM R"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999318313741?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999318313741?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T13:39:34Z","timestamp":1565271574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999318313741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999318313741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differences in Glucose Metabolism Among Women With Spinal Cord Injury May Not Be Fully Explained by Variations in Body Composition","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.08.191","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}