{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T10:01:39Z","timestamp":1776247299149,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006942","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006942","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011032","name":"CEDAR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006942","name":"MUSC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006942","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,28]],"date-time":"2019-12-28T01:48:22Z","timestamp":1577497702000},"page":"658-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Using Inferred Mobility Status to Estimate the Time to Major Depressive Disorder Diagnosis Post\u2013Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Catherine J.","family":"VanDerwerker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris M.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kit N.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib1","series-title":"Spinal cord injury (SCI) facts and figures at a glance","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.08.016","article-title":"Prevalence of depression after spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324834basp1604_5","article-title":"Social support and leisure activities following severe physical disability: Testing the mediating effects of depression","volume":"16","author":"Elliott","year":"1995","journal-title":"Basic Appl Soc Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199406000-00006","article-title":"Predicting depression and psychological distress in persons with spinal cord injury based on indicators of handicap","volume":"73","author":"Tate","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1179\/2045772313Y.0000000137","article-title":"Depression, healthcare utilization, and comorbid psychiatric disorders after spinal cord injury","volume":"37","author":"Ullrich","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101629","article-title":"Utilization of health services following spinal cord injury: a 6-year follow-up study","volume":"42","author":"Dryden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.062","article-title":"A prospective study of health and risk of mortality after spinal cord injury","volume":"89","author":"Krause","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.12.026","article-title":"Association of antidepressant medication therapy with inpatient rehabilitation outcomes for stroke, traumatic brain injury, or traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"92","author":"Weeks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1179\/107902610X12923394765652","article-title":"Do vascular risk factors contribute to the prevalence of pressure ulcer in veterans with spinal cord injury?","volume":"34","author":"Rabadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2010.540294","article-title":"Excess mortality associated with mental illness and substance use disorders among veteran clinic users with spinal cord injury","volume":"33","author":"Findley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2009.42","article-title":"Co-occurring medical and mental illness and substance use disorders among veteran clinic users with spinal cord injury patients with complexities","volume":"47","author":"Banerjea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318114cb6d","article-title":"Prevalence of depression diagnoses and use of antidepressant medications by veterans with spinal cord injury","volume":"86","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000086284","article-title":"Depression following traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"25","author":"Dryden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.11.016","article-title":"Psychological contributions to functional independence: a longitudinal investigation of spinal cord injury rehabilitation","volume":"92","author":"Kennedy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib15","first-page":"341","article-title":"Predictors of functional outcome in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury after inpatient rehabilitation: in Saudi Arabia","volume":"35","author":"Abdul-Sattar","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034438","article-title":"The personal importance of being independent: associations with changes in disability and depressive symptoms","volume":"59","author":"Monin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rehabil Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.02.010","article-title":"The relationship between quality of life and change in mobility 1 year postinjury in individuals with spinal cord injury","volume":"92","author":"Riggins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib18","first-page":"9","article-title":"Factors predicting depression among persons with spinal cord injury 1 to 5 years post injury","volume":"29","author":"Arango-Lasprilla","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20150039","article-title":"Examining the association between comorbidity indexes and functional status in hospitalized Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries","volume":"96","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000527","article-title":"Comparing comorbidity indices to predict post-acute rehabilitation outcomes in older adults","volume":"95","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.8.2.91","article-title":"An introduction to the Barell body region by nature of injury diagnosis matrix","volume":"8","author":"Barell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib22","series-title":"SAS\/STAT user\u2019s guide","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib23","article-title":"Chapter 5: overview on techniques in cluster analysis","volume":"Vol 593","author":"Frades","year":"2010"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2310","article-title":"A systematic review of validated methods for identifying depression using administrative data","volume":"21","author":"Townsend","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0289-5","article-title":"Systematic review and assessment of validated case definitions for depression in administrative data","volume":"14","author":"Fiest","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib26","series-title":"Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 18-5068, NSDUH Series H-53)","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2006.08.005","article-title":"An examination of depression through the lens of spinal cord injury. Comparative prevalence rates and severity in women and men","volume":"16","author":"Kalpakjian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.12.020","article-title":"An exploration of modifiable risk factors for depression after spinal cord injury: which factors should we target?","volume":"93","author":"Bombardier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00148","article-title":"Adding insult to injury: discontinuous insurance following spine trauma","volume":"97","author":"Kastenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3719","article-title":"Using claims data to predict dependency in activities of daily living as a proxy for frailty","volume":"24","author":"Faurot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.07.348","article-title":"Symptoms of major depression in people with spinal cord injury: implications for screening","volume":"85","author":"Bombardier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1310\/sci2102-166","article-title":"Antidepressants are effective in decreasing neuropathic pain after SCI: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Mehta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2014.08.009","article-title":"Concordance between clinical diagnosis and medicare claims of depression among older primary care patients","volume":"23","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999319314686?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999319314686?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T07:04:12Z","timestamp":1757747052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999319314686"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999319314686"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using Inferred Mobility Status to Estimate the Time to Major Depressive Disorder Diagnosis Post\u2013Spinal Cord Injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.11.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}