{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T23:30:37Z","timestamp":1778196637724,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]],"date-time":"2022-09-11T17:44:00Z","timestamp":1662918240000},"page":"18-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Natural Course of Muscular Strength, Physical Performance, and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3618-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u00e7a Utkan","family":"Karasu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Karata\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye\u015fim","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zafer","family":"G\u00fcnendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00089.2020","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic: a global health crisis","volume":"52","author":"Pollard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6924e2","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 case surveillance - United States, January 22-May 30, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Stokes","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061753","article-title":"COVID-19: specific and non-specific clinical manifestations and symptoms: the current state of knowledge","volume":"9","author":"Baj","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01702-w","article-title":"Musculoskeletal symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients","volume":"15","author":"Cipollaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001641","article-title":"Muscle strength and physical performance in patients without previous disabilities recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"100","author":"Paneroni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04708-8","article-title":"Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19","volume":"41","author":"Paliwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32656-8","article-title":"6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study","volume":"397","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12896","article-title":"Skeletal muscle alterations in patients with acute Covid-19 and post-acute sequelae of Covid-19","volume":"13","author":"Soares","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01708","article-title":"Cytokine storm in COVID-19: the current evidence and treatment dtrategies","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01942-8","article-title":"Post-COVID-19 acute sarcopenia: physiopathology and management","volume":"33","author":"Piotrowicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.20.06563-6","article-title":"Assessment of musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and grip strength in hospitalized patients with COVID-19","volume":"57","author":"Tuzun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0012","unstructured":"WHO. 2020. Clinical management of COVID-19: interim guidance, 27 May 2020. Available at: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/332196\/WHO-2019-nCoV-clinical-2020.5-eng.pdf. Accessed August 12, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05683-3","article-title":"Maximum chest CT score is associated with progression to severe illness in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study from Wuhan, China","volume":"20","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2021.03.002","article-title":"Musculoskeletal manifestations of COVID-19","volume":"17","author":"Vaishya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.7.1113","article-title":"Myopathic changes associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a postmortem case series","volume":"62","author":"Leung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2021.06.005","article-title":"Grip strength as a predictor of disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients","volume":"50","author":"Kara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12610","article-title":"Normative values of muscle strength across ages in a 'real world' population: results from the longevity check-up 7+ project","volume":"11","author":"Landi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01274-0","article-title":"Muscle weakness, functional capacities and recovery for COVID-19 ICU survivors","volume":"21","author":"Medrinal","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0019","article-title":"Intensive care unit-acquired weakness: a review of recent progress with a look toward the future","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.05.011","article-title":"Measuring grip strength in COVID-19: a simple way to predict overall frailty\/impairment","volume":"49","author":"Ekiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M539","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/57.8.M539","article-title":"Sit-to-stand performance depends on sensation, speed, balance, and psychological status in addition to strength in older people","volume":"57","author":"Lord","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-021-01783-5","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation patients in Japan","volume":"36","author":"Ogura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0023","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 in nutritional and functional status of survivors admitted in intensive care units during the first outbreak. Preliminary results of the NUTRICOVID study","author":"Cuerda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7258","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147258","article-title":"Use of the Barthel Index to assess activities of daily living before and after SARS-COVID 19 infection of institutionalized nursing home patients","volume":"18","author":"Trevisson-Redondo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02597-w","article-title":"Functional decline in hospitalized older patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Hosoda","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102596","article-title":"The Stanford Hall consensus statement for post-COVID-19 rehabilitation","volume":"54","author":"Barker-Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520948382","article-title":"Rehabilitation of patients post-COVID-19 infection: a literature review","volume":"48","author":"Demeco","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001505","article-title":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation and pulmonary rehabilitation for COVID-19","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999322015891?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999322015891?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T07:13:11Z","timestamp":1757747591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999322015891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999322015891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Natural Course of Muscular Strength, Physical Performance, and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.09.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}