{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T14:59:36Z","timestamp":1793458776953,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HSEARS20220527005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HSEARS20220527005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["archives-pmr.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T10:10:02Z","timestamp":1732270202000},"page":"902-909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Increased Stiffness Is Evidenced in the Deep But Not Superficial Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Professional Athletes With Chronic Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0291-5338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma Feng Ming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold Yu Lok","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhua","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siu Ngor","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0001","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for back pain in sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.07.002","article-title":"Are the size and composition of the paraspinal muscles associated with low back pain? A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Ranger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.07.010","article-title":"Do various baseline characteristics of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus predict clinical outcomes in nonspecific low back pain? A systematic review","volume":"154","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2013.01.022","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography: principles and techniques","volume":"94","author":"Gennisson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18650","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography: review of techniques and clinical applications","volume":"7","author":"Sigrist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160116","article-title":"Shear-wave elastography: basic physics and musculoskeletal applications","volume":"37","author":"Taljanovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.16053","article-title":"Current status of musculoskeletal application of shear wave elastography","volume":"36","author":"Ryu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0008","article-title":"Lumbar muscle stiffness is different in individuals with low back pain than asymptomatic controls and is associated with pain and disability, but not common physical examination findings","volume":"45","author":"Koppenhaver","year":"2020","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2023.105968","article-title":"Differences in the elastic modulus of the lumbar muscles between female athletes with and without low back pain","volume":"105","author":"Miyamori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.09.008","article-title":"Association of low back pain with muscle stiffness and muscle mass of the lumbar back muscles, and sagittal spinal alignment in young and middle-aged medical workers","volume":"49","author":"Masaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20659","article-title":"Three-dimensional study of the musculotendinous architecture of lumbar multifidus and its functional implications","volume":"21","author":"Rosatelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2006.02.004","article-title":"The lumbar multifidus: does the evidence support clinical beliefs?","volume":"11","author":"MacDonald","year":"2006","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.8827","article-title":"Changes in structure and function of the back muscles in low back pain: different time points, observations, and mechanisms","volume":"49","author":"Hodges","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.12.002","article-title":"Why do some patients keep hurting their back? Evidence of ongoing back muscle dysfunction during remission from recurrent back pain","volume":"142","author":"MacDonald","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002819","article-title":"Neuromuscular adaptations to experimentally induced pain in the lumbar region: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"164","author":"Devecchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2003","article-title":"Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading","volume":"84","author":"Kjaer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1113\/JP275450","article-title":"The impact of loading, unloading, ageing and injury on the human tendon","volume":"597","author":"Magnusson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.12.021","article-title":"Reliability of ultrasound shear wave elastography for evaluating psoas major and quadratus lumborum stiffness: gender and physical activity effects","volume":"50","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.19.09938-9","article-title":"Knee muscle and tendon stiffness in professional soccer players: a shear-wave elastography study","volume":"60","author":"Tas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3668-z","article-title":"Muscular viscoelastic characteristics of athletes participating in the European Master Indoor Athletics Championship","volume":"117","author":"Gervasi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13564","article-title":"Hamstring muscle elasticity differs in specialized high-performance athletes","volume":"30","author":"Avrillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2013.02.003","article-title":"Within- and between-day reliability of spinal stiffness measurements obtained using a computer controlled mechanical indenter in individuals with and without low back pain","volume":"18","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.31.617","article-title":"Reproducibility of elastic modulus measurement of the multifidus using the shear wave elastography function of an ultrasound diagnostic device","volume":"31","author":"Matsuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308331144","article-title":"Minimal detectable change and clinically important difference of the Wolf Motor Function Test in stroke patients","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.09.017","article-title":"Multifidus atrophy is localized and bilateral in active persons with chronic unilateral low back pain","volume":"93","author":"Beneck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14854","article-title":"Shear wave elastography of the lumbar multifidus muscle in patients with unilateral lumbar disk herniation","volume":"38","author":"Alis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E515","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000144405.11661.eb","article-title":"Changes in the cross-sectional area of multifidus and psoas in patients with unilateral back pain: the relationship to pain and disability","volume":"29","author":"Barker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E598","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318155837b","article-title":"Asymmetric atrophy of multifidus muscle in patients with unilateral lumbosacral radiculopathy","volume":"32","author":"Hyun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0029","article-title":"Age and sex effects on the active stiffness of vastus intermedius under isometric contraction","volume":"2017","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1920","article-title":"Myofascial pain in females and personalized care: the key role played by sex hormones","volume":"26","author":"Fede","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.10.018","article-title":"Alteration of lumbar muscle morphology and composition in relation to low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Seyedhoseinpoor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.04.025","article-title":"Lumbar muscle structure and function in chronic versus recurrent low back pain: a cross-sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Goubert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0034","first-page":"E985","article-title":"Structural changes of lumbar muscles in non-specific low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Goubert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Phy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.809891","article-title":"Are morphometric and biomechanical characteristics of lumbar multifidus related to pain intensity or disability in people with chronic low back pain after considering psychological factors or insomnia?","volume":"13","author":"Pinto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11061","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911061","article-title":"The effects of aging on the intramuscular connective tissue","volume":"23","author":"Fede","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-200162","article-title":"Biochemical and mechanical environment cooperatively regulate skeletal muscle regeneration","volume":"26","author":"Calve","year":"2012","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2012.32401","article-title":"The relationship between low pH in intervertebral discs and low back pain: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0946-672X(01)80064-X","article-title":"Supplementation with alkaline minerals reduces symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain","volume":"15","author":"Vormann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0040","first-page":"214","article-title":"Muscle pain: mechanisms and clinical significance","volume":"105","author":"Mense","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6845","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136845","article-title":"Hyaluronan and the fascial frontier","volume":"22","author":"Pratt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11101518","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid: a key ingredient in the therapy of inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Marinho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.6885.1","article-title":"Viscoelastic properties of hyaluronan in physiological conditions","volume":"4","author":"Cowman","year":"2015","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E29","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200201150-00013","article-title":"Deep and superficial fibers of the lumbar multifidus muscle are differentially active during voluntary arm movements","volume":"27","author":"Moseley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-009-1171-x","article-title":"Differentiation between deep and superficial fibers of the lumbar multifidus by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"19","author":"Dickx","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860000189","article-title":"Influence of age and duration of symptoms on fibre type distribution and size of the back muscles in chronic low back pain patients","volume":"9","author":"Mannion","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100150614","article-title":"Fibre type characteristics of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in normal healthy subjects and in patients with low back pain","volume":"15","author":"Mannion","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/03008200802151672","article-title":"Dynamic adaptation of tendon and muscle connective tissue to mechanical loading","volume":"49","author":"Mackey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2019.05.004","article-title":"Shear wave elastography investigation of multifidus stiffness in individuals with low back pain","volume":"47","author":"Murillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3992","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113992","article-title":"Alterations of extracellular matrix mechanical properties contribute to age-related functional impairment of human skeletal muscles","volume":"21","author":"Pavan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-010-0081-2","article-title":"Skeletal muscle fat infiltration: impact of age, inactivity, and exercise","volume":"14","author":"Marcus","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2007.01699.x","article-title":"Effects of ageing and gender on contractile properties in human skeletal muscle and single fibres","volume":"190","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.1113\/JP280867","article-title":"Biochemical and structural basis of the passive mechanical properties of whole skeletal muscle","volume":"599","author":"Lieber","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096037","article-title":"Injuries among weightlifters and powerlifters: a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Aasa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0287-2","article-title":"The science of badminton: game characteristics, anthropometry, physiology, visual fitness and biomechanics","volume":"45","author":"Phomsoupha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.06.006","article-title":"Risk factors for overuse injuries in short- and long-distance running: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"van Poppel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2012.01511.x","article-title":"The thoracolumbar fascia: anatomy, function and clinical considerations","volume":"221","author":"Willard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anat"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999324013534?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999324013534?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:22:09Z","timestamp":1762089729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999324013534"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999324013534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased Stiffness Is Evidenced in the Deep But Not Superficial Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Professional Athletes With Chronic Low Back Pain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}