{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:48:52Z","timestamp":1783104532498,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Applied Radiation and Isotopes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]],"date-time":"2020-02-22T11:11:21Z","timestamp":1582369881000},"page":"109088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impact of magnetic fields on calculated AAPM TG-43 parameters for 192Ir and 60Co HDR brachytherapy sources: A Monte Carlo study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Sahar","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Gholami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali S.","family":"Meigooni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2014.05.040","article-title":"Enhancement and validation of Geant4 Brachytherapy application on clinical HDR 192Ir source","volume":"103","author":"Ababneh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3273","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/57\/11\/3273","article-title":"ALGEBRA: ALgorithm for the heterogeneous dosimetry based on GEANT4 for BRAchytherapy","volume":"57","author":"Afsharpour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(03)01368-8","article-title":"GEANT4\u2014a simulation toolkit","volume":"506","author":"Agostinelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2011.02.008","article-title":"ROOT\u2014a C++ framework for petabyte data storage, statistical analysis and visualization","volume":"182","author":"Antcheva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib5","series-title":"The Geant4 Version 10 Series, Joint International Conference on Mathematics and Computation, Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications and the Monte Carlo Methods","author":"Asai","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/50\/21\/N03","article-title":"Monte Carlo dosimetric study of the BEBIG Co-60 HDR source","volume":"50","author":"Ballester","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6208","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4747264","article-title":"Report of the Task Group 186 on model\u2010based dose calculation methods in brachytherapy beyond the TG\u201043 formalism: current status and recommendations for clinical implementation","volume":"39","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/61\/18\/6791","article-title":"Monte Carlo study of the impact of a magnetic field on the dose distribution in MRI-guided HDR brachytherapy using Ir-192","volume":"61","author":"Beld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.04.066","article-title":"Development and testing of a magnetic resonance (MR) conditional afterloader for source tracking in magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy","volume":"102","author":"Beld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib10","series-title":"Brachytherapy for Carcinoma of the Prostate: Techniques, Patient Selection, and Clinical Outcomes, Seminars in Radiation Oncology","first-page":"81","author":"Blasko","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib11","series-title":"EPDL97: the Evaluated Photo Data Library97 Version","author":"Cullen","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598418","article-title":"Monte Carlo\u2010aided dosimetry of a new high dose\u2010rate brachytherapy source","volume":"25","author":"Daskalov","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3533720","article-title":"A dosimetric uncertainty analysis for photon\u2010emitting brachytherapy sources: report of AAPM Task Group No. 138 and GEC\u2010ESTRO","volume":"38","author":"DeWerd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2016.06.005","article-title":"Dose distribution verification for GYN brachytherapy using EBT Gafchromic film and TG-43 calculation","volume":"21","author":"Gholami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rep. Practical Oncol. Radiother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib45","first-page":"249","article-title":"Monte Carlo study on beam hardening effect of physical wedges","author":"Geraily","year":"2014","journal-title":"IJRR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2017.08.007","article-title":"Application of Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation in dose calculations for small radiosurgical fields","volume":"43","author":"Gholami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Dosim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4578","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2388154","article-title":"A dosimetric study on the Ir\u2010192 high dose rate Flexisource","volume":"33","author":"Granero","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2759602","article-title":"Dosimetric study of a new Co\u201060 source used in brachytherapy","volume":"34","author":"Granero","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3531973","article-title":"Dosimetry revisited for the HDR I192r brachytherapy source model mHDR\u2010v2","volume":"38","author":"Granero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2014.06.039","article-title":"Dosimetric characterization of the 60Co BEBIG Co0. A86 high dose rate brachytherapy source using PENELOPE","volume":"30","author":"Guerrero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Med.: Eur. J. Med. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00522-7","article-title":"Iridium-192 transperineal interstitial brachytherapy for locally advanced or recurrent gynecological malignancies","volume":"43","author":"Gupta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3539725","article-title":"GPUMCD: a new GPU\u2010oriented Monte Carlo dose calculation platform","volume":"38","author":"Hissoiny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5119","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/16\/003","article-title":"Fast dose calculation in magnetic fields with GPUMCD","volume":"56","author":"Hissoiny","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6509","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4754657","article-title":"Skin dose in longitudinal and transverse linac\u2010MRIs using Monte Carlo and realistic 3D MRI field models","volume":"39","author":"Keyvanloo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S1538-4721(03)00133-8","article-title":"Image fusion of CT and MRI data enables improved target volume definition in 3D-brachytherapy treatment planning","volume":"2","author":"Krempien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brachytherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.01.016","article-title":"MRI-guided HDR prostate brachytherapy in standard 1.5 T scanner","volume":"59","author":"M\u00e9nard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib27","series-title":"The ViewRay System: Magnetic Resonance\u2013Guided and Controlled Radiotherapy, Seminars in Radiation Oncology","first-page":"196","author":"Mutic","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597458","article-title":"Dosimetry of interstitial brachytherapy sources: recommendations of the AAPM radiation therapy committee task group No. 43","volume":"22","author":"Nath","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib29","series-title":"The EGS4 Code System","author":"Nelson","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v15i2.4206","article-title":"CT and MR image fusion of tandem and ring applicator using rigid registration in intracavitary brachytherapy planning","volume":"15","author":"Oinam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9098(199708)65:4<263::AID-JSO7>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Local resection and brachytherapy confined to the lumpectomy site for early breast cancer: a pilot study","volume":"65","author":"Perera","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/53\/4\/006","article-title":"Magnetic-field-induced dose effects in MR-guided radiotherapy systems: dependence on the magnetic field strength","volume":"53","author":"Raaijmakers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2017.01.223","article-title":"Three-dimensional dosimetric validation of a magnetic resonance guided intensity modulated radiation therapy system","volume":"97","author":"Rankine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1646040","article-title":"Update of AAPM Task Group No. 43 Report: a revised AAPM protocol for brachytherapy dose calculations","volume":"31","author":"Rivard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3298008","article-title":"Influence of photon energy spectra from brachytherapy sources on Monte Carlo simulations of kerma and dose rates in water and air","volume":"37","author":"Rivard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_1349_16","article-title":"Investigation of the dose perturbation effect for therapeutic beams with the presence of a 1.5 T transverse magnetic field in magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Canc. Res. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5114\/jcb.2017.72607","article-title":"Current status of brachytherapy in cancer treatment\u2013short overview","volume":"9","author":"Skowronek","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Contemp. Brachytherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.5114\/jcb.2011.26471","article-title":"Comparison of 60Co and 192Ir sources in HDR brachytherapy","volume":"3","author":"Strohmaier","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Contemp. Brachytherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib40","series-title":"Magnetic Resonance Image Guided Brachytherapy, Seminars in Radiation Oncology","first-page":"181","author":"Tanderup","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4708","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2981826","article-title":"Anniversary paper: past and current issues, and trends in brachytherapy physics","volume":"35","author":"Thomadsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/5\/N02","article-title":"MRI-guided robotic system for transperineal prostate interventions: proof of principle","volume":"55","author":"Van den Bosch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2015.10.008","article-title":"Quantification of image distortions on the Utrecht interstitial CT\/MR brachytherapy applicator at 3T MRI","volume":"15","author":"van Heerden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brachytherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/4\/N47","article-title":"Consistency evaluation between EGSnrc and Geant4 charged particle transport in an equilibrium magnetic field","volume":"58","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."}],"container-title":["Applied Radiation and Isotopes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969804319312205?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969804319312205?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T04:11:08Z","timestamp":1760847068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969804319312205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0969804319312205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-8043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-8043","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of magnetic fields on calculated AAPM TG-43 parameters for 192Ir and 60Co HDR brachytherapy sources: A Monte Carlo study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109088","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109088"}}