{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T09:18:34Z","timestamp":1778577514833,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["309675\/2021-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["309675\/2021-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["406303\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406303\/2022-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312160\/2023-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312160\/2023-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["407493\/2021-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407493\/2021-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310646\/2025-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310646\/2025-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003105","name":"Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APQ-01254-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-01254-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APQ-04348-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-04348-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APQ-04215-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-04215-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Applied Radiation and Isotopes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T20:56:47Z","timestamp":1755809807000},"page":"112116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Monte Carlo evaluation of occupational exposures in equine radiology procedures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1919-9457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Wilian Gon\u00e7alves","family":"de Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7139-3558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evely Alves","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Wilson","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whoody Alem Wanderley Araripe","family":"Farias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3828-5000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"de Souza Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9152-7972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucio Pereira","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3398-3165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Perini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106213","article-title":"Radiation-induced lens opacities: Epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence, methodological issues, research gaps and strategy","volume":"146","author":"Ainsbury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.05.028","article-title":"The significance of the discordant occurrence of lens tumors in humans versus other species","volume":"122","author":"Albert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.259.8.919","article-title":"Survey of self-reported radiation safety practices among North American veterinary technicians involved in equine radiography using portable x-ray equipment","volume":"259","author":"Belotta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.21.08.0134","article-title":"X-ray tube operators can be exposed to equal or higher scattered radiation doses to the hand as cassette holders during diagnostic radiographic procedures of the equine vertebral column and limbs","volume":"83","author":"Belotta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b5","unstructured":"Canon Electron Tubes & Devices, 2018. X-Tube D-205 BS. Technical Report, Available at: https:\/\/etd.canon\/en\/product\/pdf\/xray\/PE-D-205B_BS_2018-11.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/1\/009","article-title":"FASH and MASH: female and male adult human phantoms based on polygon mesh surfaces: I. Development of the anatomy","volume":"55","author":"Cassola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn171","article-title":"Risk of cataract after exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation: A 20-year prospective cohort study among US radiologic technologists","volume":"168","author":"Chodick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncae115","article-title":"A survey of the radiation safety practices of veterinary practitioners during portable equine radiography in Ireland","volume":"200","author":"Daly","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b9","series-title":"Compendium of material composition data for radiation transport modeling, PNNL-15870, Rev. 2, Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","author":"Detwiler","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2018.11.013","article-title":"Radiation exposure to personnel obtaining equine appendicular radiographs using a handheld generator","volume":"73","author":"Ellis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Equine Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13306","article-title":"Knowledge and practice of radiation safety in Brazilian equine veterinarians are less than optimal: An online survey","volume":"64","author":"Granella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR VII Phase 2, 2006. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/11340.","DOI":"10.17226\/11340"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncm422","article-title":"Dose to persons assisting voluntarily during X-ray examinations of large animals","volume":"128","author":"Hupe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ICRP publication 153: Radiological protection in veterinary practice, 2022. Ann. ICRP 51(4), 9\u201395, Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01466453221142702.","DOI":"10.1177\/01466453221142702"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b15","series-title":"Tissue Substitutes in Radiation Dosimetry","author":"International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU)","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b16","series-title":"Photon, Electron, Proton and Neutron Interaction Data for Body Tissues","author":"International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU)","year":"1992"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13065","article-title":"Most students have experience making radiographs prior to veterinary school but have limited radiation safety training","volume":"63","author":"Jensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b18","series-title":"Equine ecorche","author":"Kerchenbaum","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/1\/010","article-title":"FASH and MASH: female and male adult human phantoms based on polygon mesh surfaces: II. Dosimetric calculations","volume":"55","author":"Kramer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"6b","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2014.1","article-title":"Historical review of occupational exposures and cancer risks in medical radiation workers","volume":"174","author":"Linet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b21","series-title":"Compendium of material composition data for radiation transport modeling, PNNL-15870 Rev. 1","author":"McConn","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12704","article-title":"Lack of radioprotection knowledge and compliance in norwegian equine ambulatory practice","volume":"60","author":"Mikkelsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"N433","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/19\/N01","article-title":"SpekCalc: a program to calculate photon spectra from tungsten anode x-ray tubes","volume":"54","author":"Poludniowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b24","unstructured":"Radiation protection and safety in veterinary medicine, 2021. Safety Reports Series, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, number 104, Available at: https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/publications\/13481\/radiation-protection-and-safety-in-veterinary-medicine."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2023.11.042","article-title":"The addition of a leaded arm sleeve to leaded aprons further decreases operator upper outer quadrant chest wall radiation dose during fluoroscopically guided interventions","volume":"79","author":"Ramanan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R287","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/13\/R17","article-title":"Fifty years of Monte Carlo simulations for medical physics*","volume":"51","author":"Rogers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2754\/avb200776010105","article-title":"Personnel exposure to scattered radiation during radiography of the distal interphalangeal joint in the horse using a portable X-Ray machine","volume":"76","author":"\u0160terc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Brno"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2014.11.007","article-title":"Radiation safety considerations and compliance within equine veterinary clinics: Results of an Australian survey","volume":"21","author":"Surjan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiogr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b29","first-page":"9","article-title":"Ionizing radiation and breast cancer in men (United States)","volume":"5","author":"Thomas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01754.x","article-title":"Estimated operator exposure for hand holding portable x-ray units during imaging of the equine distal extremity","volume":"52","author":"Tyson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-6453(03)00002-2","article-title":"Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values: ICRP publication 89: approved by the commission in september 2001","volume":"32","author":"Valentin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. ICRP"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.20.14.1","article-title":"Epidemiology of male breast cancer","volume":"14","author":"Weiss","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116_b33","series-title":"MCNP User\u2019s Manual Code Version 6.2","author":"Werner","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Applied Radiation and Isotopes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969804325004610?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969804325004610?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:49:46Z","timestamp":1778575786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969804325004610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0969804325004610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-8043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-8043","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Monte Carlo evaluation of occupational exposures in equine radiology procedures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apradiso.2025.112116","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112116"}}