{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:14:16Z","timestamp":1793333656375,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":221,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073778"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T12:20:25Z","timestamp":1601295625000},"page":"1789-1812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["The influence of the gut microbiota on the bioavailability of oral drugs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0324-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xintong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9119-0019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingji","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonggao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20160510","article-title":"Introduction to the human gut microbiota","volume":"474","author":"Thursby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer; a review article","volume":"11","author":"Jahani-Sherafat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56561-1","article-title":"FBA Ecological guild: trio of Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes alliance against Actinobacteria in human oral microbiome","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.04.009","article-title":"Microbiome-mediated bile acid modification: role in intestinal drug absorption and metabolism","volume":"133","author":"Enright","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.065698","article-title":"Review: mechanisms of how the intestinal microbiota alters the effects of drugs and bile acids","volume":"43","author":"Klaassen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/03602532.2018.1497647","article-title":"Gut microbiota modulates drug pharmacokinetics","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7010014","article-title":"What is the healthy gut microbiota composition?. A changing ecosystem across age, environment, diet, and diseases","volume":"7","author":"Rinninella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0061-2","article-title":"You are what you eat: diet, health and the gut microbiota","volume":"16","author":"Zmora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-016-0498-0","article-title":"The mode of delivery affects the diversity and colonization pattern of the gut microbiota during the first year of infants' life: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Rutayisire","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00444","article-title":"Age-related changes in the gut microbiota modify brain lipid composition","volume":"9","author":"Albouery","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0160-1","article-title":"Depicting the composition of gut microbiota in a population with varied ethnic origins but shared geography","volume":"24","author":"Deschasaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312297","article-title":"Antibiotics as deep modulators of gut microbiota: between good and evil","volume":"65","author":"Ianiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.04.004","article-title":"Impact of early gut microbiota on immune and metabolic development and function","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15217","article-title":"The mutual interplay of gut microbiota, diet and human disease","volume":"287","author":"Illiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2019.01.004","article-title":"Multifunctional oral delivery systems for enhanced bioavailability of therapeutic peptides\/proteins","volume":"9","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.06.021","article-title":"Bioresponsive drug delivery systems in intestinal inflammation: State-of-the-art and future perspectives","volume":"146","author":"Kotla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1470","article-title":"Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates?.","volume":"3","author":"Kola","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s12247-018-9319-z","article-title":"A review on solubility enhancement of carvedilol\u2014a BCS Class II drug","volume":"13","author":"Fernandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pharm Innov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2016.1269122","article-title":"Current and evolving approaches for improving the oral permeability of BCS Class III or analogous molecules","volume":"43","author":"Dave","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2016.11.034","article-title":"Food, gastrointestinal pH, and models of oral drug absorption","volume":"112","author":"Abuhelwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1292","article-title":"Impact of pharmaceutical excipients on oral drug absorption: a focus on intestinal drug transporters","volume":"105","author":"Zou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.09.004","article-title":"The effects of dietary and herbal phytochemicals on drug transporters","volume":"116","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/27.11.1348","article-title":"Metabolism of drugs by microorganisms in the intestine","volume":"27","author":"Goldman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.064477","article-title":"Defining the role of gut bacteria in the metabolism of deleobuvir: In\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo studies","volume":"43","author":"McCabe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.08973","article-title":"Bidirectional interactions between indomethacin and the murine intestinal microbiota","volume":"4","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2017.10.010","article-title":"Inhibition of intestinal ascorbic acid uptake by lipopolysaccharide is mediated via transcriptional mechanisms","volume":"1860","author":"Subramanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4352","DOI":"10.1021\/jf4007505","article-title":"The gut microbiota ellagic acid-derived metabolite urolithin A and its sulfate conjugate are substrates for the drug efflux transporter breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2\/BCRP)","volume":"61","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Sarr\u00edas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000221672.01272.ba","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication and L-dopa absorption in patients with PD and motor fluctuations","volume":"66","author":"Pierantozzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087150","article-title":"Administration of a probiotic can change drug pharmacokinetics: effect of E. coli Nissle 1917 on amidarone absorption in rats","volume":"9","author":"Matuskova","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257109044386","article-title":"The role of the gut flora in the metabolism of prontosil and neoprontosil in the rat","volume":"1","author":"Gingell","year":"1971","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257309151548","article-title":"Intestinal azo-reduction and glucuronide conjugation of prontosil","volume":"3","author":"Gingell","year":"1973","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)29238-2","article-title":"The role of intestinal bacteria in the metabolism of salicylazosulfapyridine","volume":"181","author":"Peppercorn","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.114.058354","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated drug interactions between lovastatin and antibiotics","volume":"42","author":"Yoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000773","article-title":"Effects of orally administered antibiotics on the bioavailability of amlodipine: Gut microbiota-mediated drug interaction","volume":"34","author":"Yoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2018.1469687","article-title":"Plateau hypoxia attenuates the metabolic activity of intestinal flora to enhance the bioavailability of nifedipine","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2016.09.023","article-title":"Reduced metabolic activity of gut microbiota by antibiotics can potentiate the antithrombotic effect of aspirin","volume":"122","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52632-5","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated drug\u2012drug interaction between amoxicillin and aspirin","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib38","article-title":"Effects of intestinal flora on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of aspirin in high-altitude hypoxia","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b110639","article-title":"Change in pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid as a function of age in rats and effect of coadministered amoxicillin\/clavulanate","volume":"35","author":"Ishizaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025482","article-title":"Correction: Enteric microbiome metabolites correlate with response to simvastatin treatment","volume":"6","author":"Kaddurah-Daouk","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2010.512024","article-title":"Effects of bile salts on the lovastatin pharmacokinetics following oral administration to rats","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00597","article-title":"Lactobacillus murinus improved the bioavailability of orally administered glycyrrhizic acid in rats","volume":"11","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198110013051403","article-title":"Inactivation of digoxin by the gut flora: reversal by antibiotic therapy","volume":"305","author":"Lindenbaum","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6836275","article-title":"Digoxin-inactivating bacteria: identification in human gut flora","volume":"220","author":"Saha","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1235872","article-title":"Predicting and manipulating cardiac drug inactivation by the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta","volume":"341","author":"Haiser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26638","article-title":"Mechanistic and structural insight into promiscuity based metabolism of cardiac drug digoxin by gut microbial enzyme","volume":"119","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.27915","article-title":"Mechanistic insight into digoxin inactivation by Eggerthella lenta augments our understanding of its pharmacokinetics","volume":"5","author":"Haiser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut Microb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12155","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12155","article-title":"Transforming berberine into its intestine-absorbable form by the gut microbiota","volume":"5","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112330","article-title":"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection improves levodopa action, clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"9","author":"Hashim","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.61.10.0005","article-title":"In-vitro interaction of L-dopa with bacterial adhesins of Helicobacter pylori: An explanation for clinicial differences in bioavailability?.","volume":"61","author":"Niehues","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720170061","article-title":"Reduced L-dopa absorption and increased clinical fluctuations in Helicobacter pylori-infected Parkinson's disease patients","volume":"22","author":"Pierantozzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.1799","article-title":"Evaluation of pharmacokinetic differences of acetaminophen in pseudo germ-free rats","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.08.002","article-title":"Gut microbiome interactions with drug metabolism, efficacy, and toxicity","volume":"179","author":"Wilson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2020-0023","article-title":"The central role of gut microbiota in drug metabolism and personalized medicine","volume":"12","author":"Colotti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-018-0547-2","article-title":"Pharmacomicrobiomics: A novel route towards personalized medicine?.","volume":"9","author":"Doestzada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib56","series-title":"Polysaccharide carriers for drug delivery","first-page":"p. 737","article-title":"25 - advanced colon-specific delivery systems for treating local disorders","author":"Ray","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(67)90133-5","article-title":"The metabolism of 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol in the rat with reference to the action of the intestinal flora","volume":"16","author":"Childs","year":"1967","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-6264(67)83147-X","article-title":"Studies on brown FK. II. Degradative changes undergone in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo","volume":"5","author":"Fore","year":"1967","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.95103s417","article-title":"Reduction of azo dyes and nitroaromatic compounds by bacterial enzymes from the human intestinal tract","volume":"103","author":"Rafii","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2012.660508","article-title":"The influence of probiotic treatment on sulfasalazine metabolism in rat","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13889","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710070200","article-title":"Expansion of substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of azoreductase by X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis","volume":"283","author":"Ito","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)97447-6","article-title":"IS p-aminobenzenesulphonamide the active agent in prontosil therapy?.","volume":"229","author":"Fuller","year":"1937","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1942.tb06841.x","article-title":"Salazopyrin, a new sulfanilamide preparation. A. Therapeutic results in rheumatic polyarthritis. B. Therapeutic results in ulcerative colitis. C. Toxic manifestations in treatment with sulfanilamide preparations","volume":"110","author":"Svartz","year":"1942","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01703","article-title":"Modulation of gut microbiome composition and function in experimental colitis treated with sulfasalazine","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257309151518","article-title":"Azo reduction of salicyl-azo-sulphapyridine in germ-free and conventional rats","volume":"3","author":"Schr\u00f6der","year":"1973","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528809101538","article-title":"Evolution of olsalazine","volume":"148","author":"Truelove","year":"1988","journal-title":"S Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01299921","article-title":"Studies of two novel sulfasalazine analogs, ipsalazide and balsalazide","volume":"28","author":"Chan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1080\/08820139.2017.1373828","article-title":"Immunomodulatory interplay of the microbiome and therapy of rheumatic diseases","volume":"46","author":"Ostrov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGEN.119.002314","article-title":"Gut microbiome and response to cardiovascular drugs","volume":"12","author":"Tuteja","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Genom Precis Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.063867","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated drug-antibiotic interactions","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.118.081026","article-title":"An ex\u00a0vivo fermentation screening platform to study drug metabolism by human gut microbiota","volume":"46","author":"van de Steeg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.07.009","article-title":"The gastrointestinal microbiota as a site for the biotransformation of drugs","volume":"363","author":"Sousa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-004-9004-4","article-title":"Predicting drug disposition via application of BCS: transport\/absorption\/elimination interplay and development of a biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharm Res (N Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-011-9290-9","article-title":"BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs","volume":"13","author":"Benet","year":"2011","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-015-9845-2","article-title":"BDDCS predictions, self-correcting aspects of BDDCS assignments, BDDCS assignment corrections, and classification for more than 175 additional drugs","volume":"18","author":"Hosey","year":"2016","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib76","first-page":"888","article-title":"Classification of natural products as sources of drugs according to the biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS)","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2016-0331","article-title":"Nanocarriers protecting toward an intestinal pre-uptake metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Suchaoin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8569","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R116.767434","article-title":"Glucuronides in the gut: sugar-driven symbioses between microbe and host","volume":"292","author":"Pellock","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.17","article-title":"The microbial pharmacists within us: a metagenomic view of xenobiotic metabolism","volume":"14","author":"Spanogiannopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.49.3.682-685.1985","article-title":"\u03b2-Glucuronidase activities of intestinal bacteria determined both in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo in gnotobiotic rats","volume":"49","author":"Gadelle","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2019.03.002","article-title":"Intestinal bacterial \u03b2-glucuronidase as a possible predictive biomarker of irinotecan-induced diarrhea severity","volume":"199","author":"Chamseddine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2013.811314","article-title":"Bacterial \u03b2-glucuronidase inhibition protects mice against enteropathy induced by indomethacin, ketoprofen or diclofenac: mode of action and pharmacokinetics","volume":"44","author":"Saitta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.111921","article-title":"Therapeutic significance of \u03b2-glucuronidase activity and its inhibitors: a review","volume":"187","author":"Awolade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01283","article-title":"Bile acids and their derivatives as potential modifiers of drug release and pharmacokinetic profiles","volume":"9","author":"Pavlovi\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.04.003","article-title":"Bile salts and their importance for drug absorption","volume":"453","author":"Holm","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38646-6","article-title":"Chemical properties of bile acids. IV. Acidity constants of glycine-conjugated bile acids","volume":"28","author":"Fini","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.02.028","article-title":"Relative acidity scale of glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile acids through ESI-MS measurements","volume":"76","author":"Bortolini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14451","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200814451","article-title":"Absorption-enhancing effects of bile salts","volume":"20","author":"Moghimipour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/21553769.2013.879925","article-title":"Application of bile acids in drug formulation and delivery","volume":"7","author":"Stojan\u010devi\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-016-0375-9","article-title":"Mixed micelles loaded with bile salt: an approach to enhance intestinal transport of the BCS Class III drug cefotaxime in rats","volume":"42","author":"Arafat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450.2019.1665069","article-title":"Bile acid-polymer-probucol microparticles: protective effect on pancreatic \u03b2-cells and decrease in type 1 diabetes development in a murine model","volume":"24","author":"Mooranian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceut Dev Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53999-1","article-title":"Bile acid bio-nanoencapsulation improved drug targeted-delivery and pharmacological effects via cellular flux: 6-months diabetes preclinical study","volume":"10","author":"Mooranian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2016.09.024","article-title":"Molecular features of bile salt hydrolases and relevance in human health","volume":"1861","author":"Chand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.9.5603-5612.2004","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of the bile salt hydrolase genes (bsh) from Bifidobacterium bifidum strains","volume":"70","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1080\/08905436.2017.1303778","article-title":"Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of bile salt hydrolase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus E9 strain","volume":"31","author":"Kaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1995.tb03140.x","article-title":"Significance of bile salt hydrolytic activities of Lactobacilli","volume":"79","author":"De Smet","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Appl Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.3.1729-1738.2006","article-title":"Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics","volume":"72","author":"Begley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R500013-JLR200","article-title":"Bile salt biotransformation by human intestinal bacteria","volume":"47","author":"Ridlon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)69529-8","article-title":"Bile acids and steroids 96. On the mechanism of the biological formation of deoxycholic acid from cholic acid","volume":"235","author":"Samuelsson","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Biol Inorg Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)42247-3","article-title":"Mechanism of intestinal 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid: evidence that allo-deoxycholic acid is an inducible side-product","volume":"32","author":"Hylemon","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38290-0","article-title":"Mechanism of intestinal formation of deoxycholic acid from cholic acid in humans: evidence for a 3-oxo-delta 4-steroid intermediate","volume":"30","author":"Bj\u00f6rkhem","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10158","article-title":"Examination of the solubilization of drugs by bile salt micelles","volume":"91","author":"Wiedmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1021\/mp100144v","article-title":"Imulating fasted human intestinal fluids: understanding the roles of lecithin and bile acids","volume":"7","author":"S\u00f6derlind","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2005.08.006","article-title":"Micellization of conjugated chenodeoxy- and ursodeoxycholates and solubilization of cholesterol into their micelles: comparison with other four conjugated bile salts species","volume":"139","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem Phys Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6362","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)32418-9","article-title":"The influence of bile salt structure on self-association in aqueous solutions","volume":"258","author":"Roda","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01155","article-title":"Impact of gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism on the solubilization capacity of bile salt micelles and drug solubility","volume":"14","author":"Enright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.5b00392","article-title":"Bile salts as crystallization inhibitors of supersaturated solutions of poorly water-soluble compounds","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cryst Growth Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7286","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.6b01470","article-title":"A comparison of the crystallization inhibition properties of bile salts","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cryst Growth Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5711","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00875","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated bile acid transformations alter the cellular response to multidrug resistant transporter substrates in\u00a0vitro: focus on P-glycoprotein","volume":"15","author":"Enright","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.26.11.1601","article-title":"Role of P-glycoprotein in statin drug interactions","volume":"26","author":"Holtzman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.104.002477","article-title":"Differential interaction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase inhibitors with ABCB1, ABCC2, and OATP1B1","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.06.020","article-title":"Effects of bile salts on propranolol distribution into liposomes studied by capillary electrophoresis","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)41612-8","article-title":"Mechanism of degradation of the sterol side chain in the formation of bile acids","volume":"33","author":"Bj\u00f6rkhem","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2019.108607","article-title":"Diurnal expression of ABC and SLC transporters in jejunum is modulated by adrenalectomy","volume":"226","author":"Vagnerov\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-018-0005-8","article-title":"Revisiting the role of ABC transporters in multidrug-resistant cancer","volume":"18","author":"Robey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4461","article-title":"What do drug transporters really do?.","volume":"14","author":"Nigam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4626","article-title":"SLC transporters as therapeutic targets: emerging opportunities","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1039\/C6MD00005C","article-title":"SLC transporters: structure, function, and drug discovery","volume":"7","author":"Colas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medchemcomm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.01.047","article-title":"Complex interactions among diet, gastrointestinal transit, and gut microbiota in humanized mice","volume":"144","author":"Kashyap","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5505.881","article-title":"Molecular analysis of commensal host-microbial relationships in the intestine","volume":"291","author":"Hooper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-009-1045-x","article-title":"Colonic gene expression in conventional and germ-free mice with a focus on the butyrate receptor GPR109A and the butyrate transporter SLC5A8","volume":"14","author":"Cresci","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511003412","article-title":"Up-regulation of intestinal type 1 taste receptor 3 and sodium glucose luminal transporter-1 expression and increased sucrose intake in mice lacking gut microbiota","volume":"107","author":"Swartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.036","article-title":"Hydrocortisone, vitamin C, and thiamine for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock: A retrospective before-after study","volume":"151","author":"Marik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083402","article-title":"How to determine the role of the microbiome in drug Disposition. drug metabolism and disposition","volume":"46","author":"Bisanz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib125","series-title":"Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. Joint FAO\/WHO working group Report on drafting Guidelines for the Evaluation of Probiotics in food","first-page":"1","author":"Araya","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9091021","article-title":"Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health","volume":"9","author":"Markowiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15081679","article-title":"Rebuilding the gut microbiota ecosystem","volume":"15","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2016.04.048","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum LZ95, a potential probiotic strain producing bacteriocins and B-group vitamin riboflavin","volume":"229","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.11.002","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics: can they be used to treat allergies and autoimmune diseases?.","volume":"119","author":"Dargahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib130","series-title":"Advances in applied microbiology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chapter One\u2014antivirulence properties of probiotics in combating microbial pathogenesis","author":"Surendran Nair","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5999","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO01216D","article-title":"A colon-specific delivery system for quercetin with enhanced cancer prevention based on co-axial electrospinning","volume":"9","author":"Wen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666180717105128","article-title":"Recent advances in probiotics as live biotherapeutics against gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"24","author":"Kota","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Pharmaceut Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2018.10.6.575","article-title":"Probiotics as a potential immunomodulating pharmabiotics in allergic diseases: current status and future prospects","volume":"10","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030635","article-title":"The role of probiotics and prebiotics in the prevention and treatment of obesity","volume":"11","author":"Cerd\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1199-8","article-title":"Effect of multi-strain probiotics (multi-strain microbial cell preparation) on glycemic control and other diabetes-related outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"56","author":"Firouzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17127","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28473","article-title":"Importance of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer","volume":"234","author":"Eslami","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8080483","article-title":"Effect of probiotics on depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03191026","article-title":"Probiotic treatment reduces blood glucose levels and increases systemic absorption of gliclazide in diabetic rats","volume":"33","author":"Al-Salami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib139","first-page":"35","article-title":"Probiotic pre-treatment reduces gliclazide permeation (ex\u00a0vivo) in healthy rats but increases it in diabetic rats to the level seen in untreated healthy rats","volume":"1","author":"Al-Salami","year":"2008","journal-title":"ADI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-011-0060-y","article-title":"Probiotics decreased the bioavailability of the bile acid analog, monoketocholic acid, when coadministered with gliclazide, in healthy but not diabetic rats","volume":"37","author":"Al-Salami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.117.077222","article-title":"Effect of probiotics on pharmacokinetics of orally administered acetaminophen in mice","volume":"46","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5004","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518788994","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 probiotic administration increases amlodipine absorption in a rabbit model","volume":"46","author":"Saputri","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2009.01449.x","article-title":"The effects of an orally administered probiotic on sulfasalazine metabolism in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis: a preliminary study","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2015.1110846","article-title":"A comprehensive study of novel microcapsules incorporating gliclazide and a permeation enhancing bile acid: hypoglycemic effect in an animal model of type-1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Mathavan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-017-0415-0","article-title":"High-loading dose of microencapsulated gliclazide formulation exerted a hypoglycaemic effect on type 1 diabetic rats and incorporation of a primary deconjugated bile acid, diminished the hypoglycaemic antidiabetic effect","volume":"42","author":"Golocorbin-Kon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-017-0441-y","article-title":"Potential applications of gliclazide in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus: formulation with bile acids and probiotics","volume":"43","author":"Mikov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.04.022","article-title":"Digoxin use and associated adverse events among older adults","volume":"132","author":"Angraal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.127.2.780-784.1976","article-title":"Arginine, a growth-limiting factor for Eubacterium lentum","volume":"127","author":"Sperry","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.05.068","article-title":"Current knowledge and pharmacological profile of berberine: an update","volume":"761","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1135","article-title":"Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins","volume":"10","author":"Kong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.07.029","article-title":"Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0006","article-title":"Berberine, a natural plant product, activates AMP-activated protein kinase with beneficial metabolic effects in diabetic and insulin-resistant states","volume":"55","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28885","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.052407","article-title":"Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha plays a critical role in PCSK9 gene transcription and regulation by the natural hypocholesterolemic compound berberine","volume":"284","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089919","article-title":"Approaches to improve the oral bioavailability and effects of novel anticancer drugs berberine and betulinic acid","volume":"9","author":"Godugu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00107.x","article-title":"Reduction of polynitroaromatic compounds: The bacterial nitroreductases","volume":"32","author":"Rold\u00e1n","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00214","article-title":"Gut microbiota-regulated pharmacokinetics of berberine and active metabolites in beagle dogs after oral administration","volume":"9","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18290","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated personalized treatment of hyperlipidemia using berberine","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4415","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14366","article-title":"Drug\u2012gut microbiota interactions: Implications for neuropharmacology: Drug-gut microbiota interactions","volume":"175","author":"Walsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.2.179","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori stimulates antral mucosal reactive oxygen metabolite production in\u00a0vivo","volume":"35","author":"Davies","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008453.pub2","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication for Parkinson's disease","author":"Rees","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib161","first-page":"63","article-title":"High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Malaysian Parkinson's disease patients","volume":"3","author":"Nafisah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Res Rev Parkinsonism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310861","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors alter the composition of the gut microbiota","volume":"65","author":"Jackson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310376","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors affect the gut microbiome","volume":"65","author":"Imhann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2018152","article-title":"Effects of proton pump inhibitor on the human gut microbiome profile in multi-ethnic groups in Singapore","volume":"60","author":"Koo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13568","article-title":"A comparison of the gut microbiome between long-term users and non-users of proton pump inhibitors","volume":"43","author":"Clooney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4345","article-title":"Metformin alters the gut microbiome of individuals with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes, contributing to the therapeutic effects of the drug","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib167","first-page":"165","article-title":"Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"3","author":"Ejtahed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4848-7","article-title":"Metformin-induced changes of the gut microbiota in healthy young men: results of a non-blinded, one-armed intervention study","volume":"62","author":"Bryrup","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0226-y","article-title":"Effects of acarbose on the gut microbiota of prediabetic patients: A randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1890","article-title":"Interaction between atypical antipsychotics and the gut microbiome in a bipolar disease cohort","volume":"37","author":"Flowers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1346-1","article-title":"The effects of antipsychotic medications on microbiome and weight gain in children and adolescents","volume":"17","author":"Bretler","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e652","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.135","article-title":"Use of the second-generation antipsychotic, risperidone, and secondary weight gain are associated with an altered gut microbiota in children","volume":"5","author":"Bahr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.05.017","article-title":"Changes in metabolism and microbiota after 24-week risperidone treatment in drug na\u00efve, normal weight patients with first episode schizophrenia","volume":"201","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14177-z","article-title":"Impact of commonly used drugs on the composition and\u00a0metabolic function of the gut microbiota","volume":"11","author":"Vich Vila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101605","article-title":"Analysis of gut microbiota and their metabolic potential in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine: results from a six-week observational prospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Pe\u0142ka-Wysiecka","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.10.003","article-title":"The influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the gut microbiome","volume":"22","author":"Rogers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-315306","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use associated with changes in gut microbiota composition","volume":"67","author":"Reveles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2017.1284732","article-title":"The influence of proton pump inhibitors and other commonly used medication on the gut microbiota","volume":"8","author":"Imhann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut Microb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10181","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors: Risks and rewards and emerging consequences to the gut microbiome","volume":"33","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0466-x","article-title":"Antidepressants affect gut microbiota and Ruminococcus flavefaciens is able to abolish their effects on depressive-like behavior","volume":"9","author":"Luki\u0107","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4236","article-title":"A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurized bacterium improves metabolism in obese and diabetic mice","volume":"23","author":"Plovier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v10.i3.154","article-title":"Crosstalk between gut microbiota and antidiabetic drug action","volume":"10","author":"Kyriachenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1324","article-title":"Metformin Is associated with higher relative abundance of mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila and several short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota in the gut","volume":"40","author":"de la Cuesta-Zuluaga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.03.011","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota in obesity, diabetes mellitus, and effect of metformin: new insights into old diseases","volume":"49","author":"Pascale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(02)00221-X","article-title":"Microbially triggered drug delivery to the colon","volume":"18","author":"Sinha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11110585","article-title":"Conjugation of amisulpride, an anti-psychotic agent, with 5-aminosalicylic acid via an azo bond yields an orally active mutual prodrug against rat colitis","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.101397","article-title":"Chitosan-5-aminosalicylic acid conjugates for colon-specific drug delivery: methods of preparation and in\u00a0vitro evaluations","author":"Nalinbenjapun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119159","article-title":"Use of a genetically engineered E. coli overexpressing \u03b2-glucuronidase accompanied by glycyrrhizic acid, a natural and anti-inflammatory agent, for directed treatment of colon carcinoma in a mouse model","volume":"579","author":"Afkhami-Poostchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315105","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/27\/31\/315105","article-title":"Smart nanocomposite hydrogels based on azo crosslinked graphene oxide for oral colon-specific drug delivery","volume":"27","author":"Hou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.017","article-title":"Enzyme and pH responsive 5-flurouracil (5-FU) loaded hydrogels based on olsalazine derivatives for colon-specific drug delivery","volume":"118","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Polym J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12010068","article-title":"Strategic approaches for colon targeted drug delivery: An overview of recent advancements","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-020-03351-8","article-title":"Chitosan-capped enzyme-responsive hollow mesoporous silica nanoplatforms for colon-specific drug delivery","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6409","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.9b01377","article-title":"Disulfide-bridged chitosan-eudragit S-100 aanoparticles for colorectal cancer","volume":"2","author":"Sood","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl Nano Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1039\/C8BM01485J","article-title":"Enhanced oral absorption of insulin using colon-specific nanoparticles co-modified with amphiphilic chitosan derivatives and cell-penetrating peptides","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2020.1716375","article-title":"Development and evaluation of dapsone tablets coated for specific colon release","volume":"46","author":"Barros","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.01.019","article-title":"Hierarchically targetable polysaccharide-coated solid lipid nanoparticles as an oral chemo\/thermotherapy delivery system for local treatment of colon cancer","volume":"197","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315102","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ab116e","article-title":"Guar gum modified upconversion nanocomposites for colorectal cancer treatment through enzyme-responsive drug release and NIR-triggered photodynamic therapy","volume":"30","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2019.1620751","article-title":"Highly specific colon-targeted transformable capsules containing indomethacin immediate-release pellets for colon cancers therapy","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Drug Target"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.066","article-title":"Role of synbiotics in polysaccharide assisted colon targeted microspheres of mesalamine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"95","author":"Kaur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2016.10.049","article-title":"Mesoporous silica nanoparticle based enzyme responsive system for colon specific drug delivery through guar gum capping","volume":"150","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.197","article-title":"A novel and simple oral colon-specific drug delivery system based on the pectin\/modified nano-carbon sphere nanocomposite gel films","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119070","article-title":"Colon-targeting of progesterone using hybrid polymeric microspheres improves its bioavailability and in\u00a0vivo biological efficacy","volume":"577","author":"Gadalla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.07.021","article-title":"Colon targeted beads loaded with pterostilbene: formulation, optimization, characterization and in\u00a0vivo evaluation","volume":"27","author":"Ansari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Pharmaceut J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.101137","article-title":"In-situ mineralization of calcium carbonate in pectin based edible hydrogel for the delivery of protein at colon","author":"Gautam","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119379","article-title":"A dual pH and microbiota-triggered coating (Phloral (TM)) for fail-safe colonic drug release","volume":"583","author":"Varum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119372","article-title":"OPTICORE (TM), an innovative and accurate colonic targeting technology","volume":"583","author":"Varum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061917","article-title":"Injection molded capsules for colon delivery combining time-controlled andenzyme-triggered approaches","volume":"21","author":"Casati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2016.05.038","article-title":"Mucoadhesive microparticulates based on polysaccharide for target dual drug delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid and curcumin to inflamed colon","volume":"145","author":"Duan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.181","article-title":"Capecitabine encapsulated chitosan succinate-sodium alginate macromolecular complex beads for colon cancer targeted delivery: In\u00a0vitro evaluation","volume":"117","author":"Sinha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.02.011","article-title":"Alginate\/chitosan microcapsules for in-situ delivery of the protein, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), for the treatment of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model","volume":"137","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.118775","article-title":"Cetuximab-conjugated chitosan-pectinate (modified) composite nanoparticles for targeting colon cancer","volume":"572","author":"Sabra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808197","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201808197","article-title":"Dual-stimuli-responsive gut microbiota-targeting berberine-CS\/PT-NPs improved metabolic status in obese hamsters","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Funct Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib213","article-title":"Development of novel pH-responsive dual crosslinked hydrogel beads based on Portulaca oleracea polysaccharide-alginate-borax for colon specific delivery of 5-fluorouracil","volume":"200\u201308","author":"Asnani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.154","article-title":"Efficacy of co-administration of modified apple polysaccharide and probiotics in guar gum-Eudragit S100 based mesalamine mini tablets: A novel approach in treating ulcerative colitis","volume":"126","author":"Mohanta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2009.03.002","article-title":"Design and development of ligand-appended polysaccharidic nanoparticles for the delivery of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer","volume":"6","author":"Jain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-018-1066-4","article-title":"Development and gamma scintigraphy study of Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) polysaccharide-based colon tablet","volume":"19","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(02)00429-5","article-title":"Studies on lactulose formulations for colon-specific drug delivery","volume":"249","author":"Katsuma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20876","article-title":"Effects of mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) on bacterial gene expression","volume":"15","author":"Kaufman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12034","article-title":"The possible effects of mesalazine on the intestinal microbiota","volume":"36","author":"Xue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2018.1557672","article-title":"Biocompatible disulphide cross-linked sodium alginate derivative nanoparticles for oral colon-targeted drug delivery","volume":"47","author":"Ayub","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013_bib221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.42","article-title":"Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity","volume":"16","author":"Rooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"}],"container-title":["Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211383520307279?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211383520307279?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T16:50:44Z","timestamp":1761929444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211383520307279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":221,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211383520307279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-3835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The influence of the gut microbiota on the bioavailability of oral drugs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.09.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}