{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:21:12Z","timestamp":1791073272900,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aquatic Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,17]],"date-time":"2009-09-17T09:08:04Z","timestamp":1253178484000},"page":"195-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Chronic effects assessment and plasma concentrations of the \u03b2-blocker propranolol in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Giltrow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Eccles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariann","family":"Rand-Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Sumpter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(2001)020<1276:DAEOAS>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Description and evaluation of a short-term reproduction test with the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)","volume":"20","author":"Ankley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.04.062","article-title":"Investigating the environmental transport of human pharmaceuticals to streams in the United Kingdom","volume":"333","author":"Ashton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2007.06.005","article-title":"Variations in bioconcentration of human pharmaceuticals from sewage effluents into fish blood plasma","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(03)00068-7","article-title":"Aquatic ecotoxicity of pharmaceuticals including the assessment of combination effects","volume":"142","author":"Cleuvers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00543705","article-title":"Beta-blocker brain concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Cruickshank","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2005.09.009","article-title":"Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals","volume":"76","author":"Fent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3003","DOI":"10.1021\/es991292a","article-title":"Development of a reproductive performance test for endocrine disrupting chemicals using pair-breeding fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)","volume":"34","author":"Harries","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-002-1182-7","article-title":"Toxicity of select beta adrenergic receptor-blocking pharmaceuticals (\u03b2-blockers) on aquatic organisms","volume":"43","author":"Huggett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1080\/714044797","article-title":"A theoretical model for utilizing mammalian pharmacology and safety data to prioritize potential impacts of human pharmaceuticals to fish","volume":"9","author":"Huggett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(02)00226-9","article-title":"Determination of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking pharmaceuticals in United States wastewater effluent","volume":"121","author":"Huggett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(86)90214-9","article-title":"A toxicological review of beta-adrenergic blockers","volume":"6","author":"Jackson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fund. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1065\/espr2005.02.238","article-title":"The EU-project ERAPharm, incentives for the further development of guidance documents?","volume":"12","author":"Knacker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Envrion. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2007.02.007","article-title":"Comparative physiology, pharmacology and toxicology of beta-blockers: mammals versus fish","volume":"82","author":"Owen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.05.009","article-title":"Uptake of propranolol, a cardiovascular pharmaceutical, from water into fish plasma and its effects on growth and organ biometry","volume":"93","author":"Owen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/02757549408038554","article-title":"Estrogenic effects of effluents from sewage treatment works","volume":"8","author":"Purdom","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1139\/z78-285","article-title":"Seasonal changes in the histology of the gonads and dorsal skin of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas","volume":"56","author":"Smith","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02716609","article-title":"The effect of propranolol on rat-brain catecholamine biosynthesis","volume":"5","author":"Srivastava","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(98)00099-2","article-title":"Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers","volume":"32","author":"Ternes","year":"1998","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)01205-5","article-title":"Determination of neutral pharmaceuticals in wastewater and rivers by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"938","author":"Ternes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2006.11.003","article-title":"An optimised experimental test procedure for measuring chemical effects on reproduction in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas","volume":"81","author":"Thorpe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0456(03)00172-8","article-title":"The heart of Daphnia magna: effects of four cardioactive drugs","volume":"136","author":"Villegas-Navarro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib22","unstructured":"Vu, J., Beckwith, M.C., 2007. Central nervous system side effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents. http:\/\/health.utah.gov\/medicaid\/pharmacy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00543714","article-title":"Central nervous-system side-effects with hydrophilic and lipophilic beta-blockers","volume":"28","author":"Westerlund","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2007.11.017","article-title":"Defining the chronic impacts of atenolol on embryo-larval development and reproduction in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)","volume":"86","author":"Winter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1979.tb05815.x","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol during chronic oral propranolol therapy","volume":"8","author":"Wong","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Aquatic Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166445X0900304X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166445X0900304X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,16]],"date-time":"2018-12-16T23:52:04Z","timestamp":1545004324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166445X0900304X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0166445X0900304X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aquatox.2009.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-445X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-445X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}}}