{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:33:40Z","timestamp":1790818420027,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.es","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archivos de Bronconeumolog\u00eda"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T19:52:15Z","timestamp":1716925935000},"page":"612-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Non-Pharmacological Interventions During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Effects on Pediatric Viral Respiratory Infections"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Georgina","family":"Armero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmina","family":"Guitart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleix","family":"Soler-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mel\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Esteva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Brotons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Almagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iolanda","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Launes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30396-1","article-title":"Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory tract infections in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"17","author":"Troeger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0210","unstructured":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Informe anual SiVIRA de Vigilancia de gripe, COVID-19 y VRS. Temporada 2022-23. Available at: https:\/\/www.isciii.es\/QueHacemos\/Servicios\/VigilanciaSaludPublicaRENAVE\/EnfermedadesTransmisibles\/Paginas\/Informes_Anuales_Vigilancia_IRAs.aspx; 2024 [accessed 3 May 2024]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-320469","article-title":"Reduced PICU respiratory admissions during COVID-19","volume":"106","author":"V\u00e1squez-Hoyos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-051462","article-title":"Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Children in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prospective Multicenter Study","volume":"148","author":"Haddadin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02654-8","article-title":"Epidemiological and virological characteristics of respiratory tract infections in children during COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e754744","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.754744","article-title":"Schools as a Framework for COVID-19 Epidemiological Surveillance of Children in Catalonia, Spain: A Population-Based Study","volume":"9","author":"Perramon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0235","unstructured":"Departament de Salut. Generalitat de Catalunya. 1. RESOLUCI\u00d3 SLT\/737\/2020. Barcelona: Disposicions 2020. Available at: https:\/\/dogc.gencat.cat\/ca\/document-del-dogc\/?documentId=870691. [accessed 15 December 2023]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s41039-022-00201-2","article-title":"The impact of extreme weather on student online learning participation","volume":"17","author":"Lagmay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res Pract Technol Enhanc Learn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2023.10.003","article-title":"Bayesian structural time series, an alternative to interrupted time series in the right circumstances","volume":"163","author":"Gianacas","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0242302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242302","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of common respiratory viruses in children < 2 years with bronchiolitis in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic era","volume":"15","author":"Kenmoe","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.10.022","article-title":"Changes in paediatric respiratory infections at a UK teaching hospital 2016-2021; impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","volume":"84","author":"Lumley","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4099","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26964","article-title":"Where have all the viruses gone? Disappearance of seasonal respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"93","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0265","first-page":"e100043","article-title":"The Prevention of Common Respiratory Virus Epidemics in 2020-21 during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic: An Unexpected Benefit of the Implementation of Public Health Measures","volume":"2","author":"Avadhanula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Lancet Reg Health Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfcli.2020.05.001","article-title":"Aspectos epidemiol\u00f3gicos, cl\u00ednica y mecanismos de control de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2: situaci\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a","volume":"31","author":"Garcia-Alamino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Enferm Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.01.003","article-title":"School closure during novel influenza: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Bin Nafisah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097297","article-title":"The effects of school closures on influenza outbreaks and pandemics: Systematic review of simulation studies","volume":"9","author":"Jackson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e423","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002845","article-title":"Effect of Social Distancing Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Children in Finland During Early 2020","volume":"39","author":"Kuitunen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100807","article-title":"The impact of the lockdown and the re-opening of schools and day cares on the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections in children - A nationwide register study in Finland","volume":"34","author":"Haapanen","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21157-9","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions on influenza and other respiratory viral infections in New Zealand","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15601","article-title":"COVID-19 public health measures and respiratory viruses in children in Melbourne","volume":"57","author":"Abo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07041-x","article-title":"Bronchiolitis, epidemiological changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","volume":"22","author":"Guitart","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h694","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h694","article-title":"Facemasks for the prevention of infection in healthcare and community settings","volume":"350","author":"MacIntyre","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0315","first-page":"CD006207","article-title":"Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses","volume":"1","author":"Jefferson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1086\/600041","article-title":"A quantitative assessment of the efficacy of surgical and N95 masks to filter influenza virus in patients with acute influenza infection","volume":"49","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003205","article-title":"Influenza virus aerosols in human exhaled breath: particle size, culturability, and effect of surgical masks","volume":"9","author":"Milton","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab181","article-title":"Risk of Transmission and Viral Shedding From the Time of Infection for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Households","volume":"190","author":"Otomaru","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814001393","article-title":"Influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) shedding","volume":"143","author":"Munywoki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e649","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1256","volume":"72","author":"Marriott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12854","article-title":"Increased risk of Rhinovirus infection in children during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic","volume":"15","author":"Takashita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4097","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26959","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic period, where are the seasonal viruses?","volume":"93","author":"Mansuy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30307-2","article-title":"COVID-19 public health measures and respiratory syncytial virus","volume":"4","author":"Britton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16381","article-title":"Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19 pandemic-United States, Australia, Chile, and South Africa, 2020","volume":"20","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-052089","article-title":"Delayed Seasonal RSV Surge Observed During the COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"148","author":"Agha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2829","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1906","article-title":"The Interseasonal Resurgence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Australian Children Following the Reduction of Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Public Health Measures","volume":"73","author":"Foley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100639","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.29.2100639","article-title":"Low levels of respiratory syncytial virus activity in Europe during the 2020\/21 season: what can we expect in the coming summer and autumn\/winter?","volume":"26","author":"van Summeren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2021-323375","article-title":"Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia","volume":"107","author":"Foley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0385","first-page":"195","article-title":"The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity","volume":"21","author":"Chow","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.10.002","article-title":"Interference between respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in respiratory tract infections in children","volume":"22","author":"Karppinen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix031","article-title":"Interference Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Rhinovirus Infection in Infancy","volume":"215","author":"Achten","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2802.211727","article-title":"Viral Interference between Respiratory Viruses","volume":"28","author":"Piret","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["Archivos de Bronconeumolog\u00eda"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300289624001832?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300289624001832?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T08:51:19Z","timestamp":1727772679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300289624001832"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0300289624001832"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-2896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-2896","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Non-Pharmacological Interventions During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Effects on Pediatric Viral Respiratory Infections","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archivos de Bronconeumolog\u00eda","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.05.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. on behalf of SEPAR.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}