{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:34:19Z","timestamp":1790379259915,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Medical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T16:01:14Z","timestamp":1353513674000},"page":"677-685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease: Nonamnestic Subtypes and Type 2 AD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mario F.","family":"Mendez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.980080612","article-title":"An English translation of Alzheimer\u2019s 1907 paper, Uber eine eigenartige Erkankung der Hirnrinde","volume":"8","author":"Alzheimer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.114.512.797","article-title":"The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects","volume":"114","author":"Blessed","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500040001001","article-title":"Editorial: The prevalence and malignancy of Alzheimer disease. A major killer","volume":"33","author":"Katzman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0909142","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"362","author":"Querfurth","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-005-1949-y","volume":"77","author":"Bickel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2456","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of young onset dementia in an English health district","volume":"26","author":"Renvoize","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib8","series-title":"Early-Onset Dementia: A National Challenge, A Future Crisis","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000089546","article-title":"Early-onset dementia: frequency and causes compared to late-onset dementia","volume":"21","author":"McMurtray","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1540","article-title":"Family history of dementia in early-onset versus very late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"McMurtray","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70306-9","article-title":"Early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the case of the missing APOE varepsilon4 allele","volume":"10","author":"van der Flier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000228222.17111.2a","article-title":"The effect of APOE genotype on clinical phenotype in Alzheimer disease","volume":"67","author":"van der Flier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.11.070","article-title":"Reduced hippocampal volume in non-demented carriers of the apolipoprotein E epsilon4: relation to chronological age and recognition memory","volume":"396","author":"Lind","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2635903100","article-title":"Functional brain abnormalities in young adults at genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"101","author":"Reiman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1159\/000097038","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele frequency and age at onset of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Davidson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.1.155","article-title":"Apolipoprotein e genotype modifies the phenotype of Alzheimer disease","volume":"63","author":"Schott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318201f249","article-title":"ApoE E4 is a susceptibility factor in amnestic but not aphasic dementias","volume":"25","author":"Rogalski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821a44dd","article-title":"Clinical features and APOE genotype of pathologically proven early-onset Alzheimer disease","volume":"76","author":"Balasa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-005-0019-5","article-title":"Clinical phenotypic heterogeneity of Alzheimer\u2019s disease associated with mutations of the presenilin-1 gene","volume":"253","author":"Larner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6481-y","article-title":"Comparison of clinical characteristics between familial and non-familial early onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"259","author":"Joshi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e31821d69b8","article-title":"Genetic counseling and testing for Alzheimer disease: joint practice guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and the National Society of Genetic Counselors","volume":"13","author":"Goldman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.02949.x","article-title":"A novel PSEN1 mutation (K239N) associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease with wide range age of onset and slow progression","volume":"17","author":"Llado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-011-0193-z","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s genetics in the GWAS era: a continuing story of replications and refutations","volume":"11","author":"Bertram","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/13803399508406582","article-title":"Cognitive changes in young-old adults: effect of family history of dementia","volume":"17","author":"La Rue","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.221","article-title":"Autosomal recessive causes likely in early-onset Alzheimer disease","volume":"69","author":"Wingo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.9.1307","article-title":"Early-onset Alzheimer disease in families with late-onset Alzheimer disease: a potential important subtype of familial Alzheimer disease","volume":"63","author":"Brickell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20101207-01","article-title":"Meeting the mental health needs of the aging veteran population","volume":"49","author":"Sorrell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.61","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of dementia among US veterans","volume":"67","author":"Yaffe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2808","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury and amyloid-beta pathology: a link to Alzheimer\u2019s disease?","volume":"11","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9164-5","article-title":"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: neurodegeneration following repetitive concussive and subconcussive brain trauma","volume":"6","author":"Baugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317512454711","article-title":"Nonamnestic presentations of early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Mendez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm213","article-title":"Focal cortical presentations of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"130","author":"Alladi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1337","article-title":"Early-versus late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: more than age alone","volume":"19","author":"Koedam","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2005.11.002","article-title":"Variability in cognitive presentation of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"44","author":"Stopford","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","article-title":"The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"McKhann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1159\/000149585","article-title":"Early-onset dementia is associated with higher mortality","volume":"26","author":"Koedam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:2:1:01","article-title":"The solved and unsolved mysteries of the genetics of early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Rogaeva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-111934","article-title":"Early onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease is associated with a distinct neuropsychological profile","volume":"30","author":"Smits","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2011.10.002","article-title":"Brain networks in posterior cortical atrophy: a single case tractography study and literature review","volume":"48","author":"Migliaccio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821103e6","article-title":"Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants","volume":"76","author":"Gorno-Tempini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317511418955","article-title":"Posterior cortical atrophy: evidence for discrete syndromes of early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Tsai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1159\/000058331","article-title":"Posterior cortical atrophy: clinical characteristics and differences compared to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Mendez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000202093.81603.d8","article-title":"What are we seeing? Is posterior cortical atrophy just Alzheimer disease?","volume":"66","author":"Tang-Wai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300875","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for corticobasal syndrome: a comparative study","volume":"83","author":"Mathew","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2012.00081","article-title":"Differences between early and late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease in neuropsychological tests","volume":"3","author":"Sa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.1.136","article-title":"Clinical and neuropsychological differences between patients with earlier and later onset of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a CERAD analysis, Part XII","volume":"46","author":"Koss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.2190\/Q6J4-R143-P630-KW41","article-title":"The accurate diagnosis of early-onset dementia","volume":"36","author":"Mendez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl377","article-title":"The topography of grey matter involvement in early and late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"130","author":"Frisoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317506299156","article-title":"Cognitive differences between early- and late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Licht","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2010.12.002","article-title":"Working memory, attention, and executive function in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and frontotemporal dementia","volume":"48","author":"Stopford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib51","article-title":"Regional brain volume differences in symptomatic and pre-symptomatic carriers of familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease mutations","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000240117.55680.0a","article-title":"Voxel-based analysis of PET amyloid ligand [11C]PIB uptake in Alzheimer disease","volume":"67","author":"Kemppainen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.12.1791","article-title":"Phases of A beta-deposition in the human brain and its relevance for the development of AD","volume":"58","author":"Thal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib54","first-page":"333","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometric comparison between early- and late-onset mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease and assessment of diagnostic performance of z score images","volume":"26","author":"Ishii","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.6.715","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: differences in technetium-99m HMPAO SPECT scan findings between early onset and late onset dementia","volume":"74","author":"Kemp","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.10.967","article-title":"Atrophy of medial temporal lobes on MRI in \"probable\" Alzheimer\u2019s disease and normal ageing: diagnostic value and neuropsychological correlates","volume":"55","author":"Scheltens","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp326","article-title":"Increased metabolic vulnerability in early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease is not related to amyloid burden","volume":"133","author":"Rabinovici","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.06.010","article-title":"Four subgroups of Alzheimer\u2019s disease based on patterns of atrophy using VBM and a unique pattern for early onset disease","volume":"33","author":"Shiino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.10.012","article-title":"Temporoparietal atrophy: a marker of AD pathology independent of clinical diagnosis","volume":"32","author":"Whitwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31825dce28","article-title":"Early-onset Alzheimer disease clinical variants: multivariate analyses of cortical thickness","volume":"79","author":"Ridgway","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c0d427","article-title":"Clinical syndromes associated with posterior atrophy: early age at onset AD spectrum","volume":"73","author":"Migliaccio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.025","article-title":"Ventral and dorsal visual streams in posterior cortical atrophy: a DT MRI study","volume":"33","author":"Migliaccio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-007-0269-2","article-title":"Precuneus atrophy in early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a morphometric structural MRI study","volume":"49","author":"Karas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.05.020","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s pathology in primary progressive aphasia","volume":"33","author":"Rohrer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.216432","article-title":"EEG abnormalities in early and late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: understanding heterogeneity","volume":"82","author":"de Waal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530060036013","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Age at\u00a0onset and single-photon emission computed tomographic patterns of regional cerebral blood flow","volume":"47","author":"Jagust","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh539","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in early onset versus late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an SPM analysis of 120 patients","volume":"128","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00114-4","article-title":"Differences in cerebral metabolic impairment between early and late onset types of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"200","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000017024","article-title":"Age at onset and regional cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Yasuno","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(92)90015-P","article-title":"Differences of regional cerebral glucose metabolism between presenile and senile dementia of Alzheimer type","volume":"13","author":"Mielke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000109258","article-title":"Positron emission tomography facilitates diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"59","author":"McMurtray","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90408-Y","article-title":"Familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease with the amyloid precursor protein position 717 mutation and sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease have the same cytoskeletal pathology","volume":"137","author":"Lantos","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.10.956","article-title":"Heterogeneity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: progression rate segregated by distinct neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic profiles","volume":"55","author":"Mann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1159\/000278422","article-title":"Comparison of neuropsychological and FDG-PET findings between early- versus late-onset mild cognitive impairment: a five year longitudinal study","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317512459798","article-title":"Neuropsychological and neuroimaging markers in early versus late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Kaiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimer's Disease Other Dementias"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws113","article-title":"Amyloid burden and metabolic function in early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: parietal lobe involvement","volume":"135","author":"Ossenkoppele","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1021\/ar800189x","article-title":"Dissecting molecular mechanisms in the living brain of dementia patients","volume":"42","author":"Barrio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp062","article-title":"Serial PIB and MRI in normal, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: implications for sequence of pathological events in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"132","author":"Jack","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318202bf3a","article-title":"Relationship of amyloid-beta burden with age-at-onset in Alzheimer disease","volume":"19","author":"Choo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21451","article-title":"Abeta amyloid and glucose metabolism in three variants of primary progressive aphasia","volume":"64","author":"Rabinovici","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr216","article-title":"Subtypes of progressive aphasia: application of the International Consensus Criteria and validation using beta-amyloid imaging","volume":"134","author":"Leyton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr130","article-title":"Similar amyloid-beta burden in posterior cortical atrophy and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"134","author":"de Souza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821cccad","article-title":"Distinct clinical and metabolic deficits in PCA and AD are not related to amyloid distribution","volume":"76","author":"Rosenbloom","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70156-9","article-title":"Neuropathologically defined subtypes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease with distinct clinical characteristics: a retrospective study","volume":"10","author":"Murray","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988706297086","article-title":"Early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease is associated with greater pathologic burden","volume":"20","author":"Marshall","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws076","article-title":"Clinically concordant variations of Alzheimer pathology in aphasic versus amnestic dementia","volume":"135","author":"Gefen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0879-y","article-title":"TDP-43 pathological changes in early onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease, late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Down's syndrome: association with age, hippocampal sclerosis and clinical phenotype","volume":"122","author":"Davidson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.11.022","article-title":"Hippocampal-sparing Alzheimer\u2019s disease presenting as corticobasal syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Malkani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000280575.77437.a2","article-title":"MRI patterns of atrophy associated with progression to AD in amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"70","author":"Whitwell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.05.023","article-title":"Prediction of MCI to AD conversion, via MRI, CSF biomarkers, and pattern classification","volume":"32","author":"Davatzikos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.02.007","article-title":"CSF biomarker levels in early and late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Bouwman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e3181d712d9","article-title":"Could clinical profile influence CSF biomarkers in early-onset Alzheimer disease?","volume":"24","author":"Koric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202753","article-title":"Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"367","author":"Bateman","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.155","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of beta-amyloid 1\u201342, but not of tau, are fully changed already 5 to 10 years before the onset of Alzheimer dementia","volume":"69","author":"Buchhave","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70299-6","article-title":"Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer\u2019s pathological cascade","volume":"9","author":"Jack","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","article-title":"Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging\u2013Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Sperling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr055","article-title":"Neural correlates of cognitive impairment in posterior cortical atrophy","volume":"134","author":"Kas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3328","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90355.2008","article-title":"Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity","volume":"100","author":"Vincent","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318245287d","article-title":"Functional integration of parietal lobe activity in early Alzheimer disease","volume":"78","author":"Jacobs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.05.003","article-title":"Different beta-amyloid oligomer assemblies in Alzheimer brains correlate with age of disease onset and impaired cholinergic activity","volume":"33","author":"Bao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.604","article-title":"Distinct patterns of antiamyloid-beta antibodies in typical and atypical Alzheimer disease: distinct patterns of anti-abeta antibodies and AD","volume":"69","author":"Dorothee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20110302-05","article-title":"Young-onset dementia: a review of the literature and what it means for clinicians","volume":"49","author":"Hunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv"}],"container-title":["Archives of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0188440912003372?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0188440912003372?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T19:42:45Z","timestamp":1759261365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0188440912003372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0188440912003372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0188-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0188-4409","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease: Nonamnestic Subtypes and Type 2 AD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Medical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.11.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}