{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T02:27:53Z","timestamp":1775960873102,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Medical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T05:40:13Z","timestamp":1755668413000},"page":"103279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Primer on Monkeypox Infection: An Emerging Threat to Global Public Health"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Rasanpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8140-2033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurabh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1513-2153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Parashar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhuvnesh Prasad","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5626-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chakresh","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit703","article-title":"Human monkeypox","volume":"58","author":"McCollum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0002","first-page":"165","article-title":"Human monkeypox, 1970\u201379","volume":"58","author":"Breman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0003","unstructured":"Outbreak M.-.C.M. Situation update. World Health Organization Available online: https:\/\/www.whoint\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2022-DON393 (Accessed June 17, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0004","author":"M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asymptomatic monkeypox infection detected from routine sexual health samples"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0005","unstructured":"mpox. World Health Organization, Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/mpox (Accessed August 26, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0006","unstructured":"Signs and symptoms of mpox, CDC, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mpox\/signs-symptoms\/. (Accessed September 12, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.07.004","article-title":"Emerging diseases: the monkeypox epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"22","author":"Kantele","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.12.130","article-title":"A review of experimental and natural infections of animals with monkeypox virus between 1958 and 2012","volume":"8","author":"Parker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Future Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/156.2.293","article-title":"Human monkeypox: clinical features of 282 patients","volume":"156","author":"Je\u017eek","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032299","article-title":"The detection of monkeypox in humans in the Western Hemisphere","volume":"350","author":"Reed","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.058","article-title":"Increased outbreaks of monkeypox highlight gaps in actual disease burden in Sub-Saharan Africa and in animal reservoirs","volume":"122","author":"Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0013","first-page":"593","article-title":"A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"46","author":"Ladnyj","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0014","first-page":"297","article-title":"Human monkeypox: confusion with chickenpox","volume":"45","author":"Jezek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0015","first-page":"311","article-title":"Monkey pox virus infection in humans in the Central African Republic","volume":"78","author":"Khodakevich","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0016","first-page":"53","article-title":"First appearance of monkey pox in human beings in Gabon","volume":"51","author":"Meyer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Trop (Mars)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30043-4","article-title":"Genomic characterisation of human monkeypox virus in Nigeria","volume":"18","author":"Faye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0019","first-page":"633","article-title":"Human infection with monkeypox virus: laboratory investigation of six cases in West Africa","volume":"46","author":"Lourie","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bull WHO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0020","first-page":"347","article-title":"Monkeypox and whitepox viruses in West and Central Africa","volume":"53","author":"Arita","year":"1976","journal-title":"Bull WHO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0021","first-page":"145","article-title":"Monkeypox: second human case observed in Ivory Coast (rural health sector of Daloa","volume":"43","author":"Merouze","year":"1983","journal-title":"Med Trop (Mars)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011720","article-title":"Re-emergence of monkeypox in Africa: a review of the past six years","volume":"54","author":"Heymann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0023","first-page":"123","article-title":"Variola or a severe case of varicella? A case of human variola due to monkeypox virus in a child from the Cameroon","volume":"71","author":"Tchokoteu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Soc Belg Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.02.05.00161-en","article-title":"Human monkeypox in Kasai Oriental, Zaire (1996\u20131997)","volume":"2","author":"Mwanbal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63725-7","article-title":"Re-emergence of human monkeypox in Zaire in 1996","volume":"349","author":"Mukinda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1306.061540","article-title":"Endemic human monkeypox, democratic Republic of Congo, 2001\u20132004","volume":"13","author":"Rimoin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1309.070175","article-title":"Spectrum of infection and risk factors for human monkeypox, United States, 2003","volume":"13","author":"Reynolds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1086\/505880","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox influenced by route of infection","volume":"194","author":"Reynolds","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1086\/498115","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of human monkeypox, and risk factors for severe disease","volume":"41","author":"Huhn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40794-020-00129-9","article-title":"COVID-19 in comparison with other emerging viral diseases: risk of geographic spread via travel","volume":"7","author":"Wilder-Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc060792","article-title":"Discovery of monkeypox in Sudan","volume":"355","author":"Damon","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0095","article-title":"Case report: human monkeypox in the kivus, a conflict region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"93","author":"McCollum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2206.150579","article-title":"Extended human-to-human transmission during a monkeypox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"22","author":"Nolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6710a5","article-title":"Emergence of monkeypox: West and central Africa, 1970\u20132017","volume":"67","author":"Durski","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s13149-016-0516-z","article-title":"Twelve cases of monkeypox virus outbreak in Bangassou District (Central African Republic) in December 2015","volume":"109","author":"Kalthan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.01.006","article-title":"Monkeypox virus phylogenetic similarities between a human case detected in Cameroon in 2018 and the 2017\u20132018 outbreak in Nigeria","volume":"69","author":"Sadeuh-Mba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0037","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiology of human monkeypox outbreaks and implications for outbreak strategy","volume":"13","author":"Beer","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS NTDs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0567","article-title":"Evaluation of the GeneXpert for human monkeypox diagnosis","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0758","article-title":"Detection of human monkeypox in the Republic of the Congo following intensive community education","volume":"88","author":"Reynolds","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30294-4","article-title":"Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017\u201318: a clinical and epidemiological report","volume":"19","author":"Yinka-Ogunleye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25348","article-title":"A review of the monkeypox virus and a recent outbreak of skin rash disease in Nigeria","volume":"91","author":"Kabuga","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.32.2100745","article-title":"Family cluster of three cases of monkeypox imported from Nigeria to the United Kingdom, May 2021","volume":"26","author":"Hobson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2604.191164","article-title":"Human-to-human transmission of monkeypox virus, United Kingdom, October 2018","volume":"26","author":"Vaughan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2608.191387","article-title":"Imported monkeypox, Singapore","volume":"26","author":"Yong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/MRA.01524-19","article-title":"Identification and whole-genome sequencing of a monkeypox virus strain isolated in Israel","volume":"9","author":"Cohen-Gihon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiol Resour Announc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7122e1","article-title":"Use of JYNNEOS (smallpox and monkeypox vaccine, live, nonreplicating) for preexposure vaccination of persons at risk for occupational exposure to orthopoxviruses: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014United States, 2022","volume":"71","author":"Rao","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0047","unstructured":"What is monkeypox and how do you catch it?, BBC, Available online : https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/health-45665821 (Accessed August 5, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0048","unstructured":"Isidro J, Borges V, Pinto M, et al. First draft genome sequence of Monkeypox virus associated with the suspected multi-country outbreak, May 2022 (confirmed case in Portugal). Virological Post 2022. https:\/\/virological.org\/t\/first-draft-genome-sequence-of-monkeypox-virus-associated-with-the-suspected-multi-country-outbreak-may-2022-confirmed-case-in-portugal\/799. (Accessed August 5, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e554","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(22)00153-7","article-title":"Global human monkeypox outbreak: atypical presentation demanding urgent public health action","volume":"3","author":"Otu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.12513","article-title":"The WHO declaration of monkeypox as a global public health emergency","volume":"328","author":"Nuzzo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01437-4","article-title":"Monkeypox as a PHEIC: implications for global health governance","volume":"400","author":"Wenham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2022-009838","article-title":"Availability, scope and quality of monkeypox clinical management guidelines globally: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Webb","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2146910","article-title":"The first case of monkeypox in Hong Kong presenting as infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Chiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4034","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27884","article-title":"Monkeypox: a potential global threat?","volume":"94","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0055","first-page":"31","article-title":"Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of monkeypox cases\u2014United States","volume":"71","author":"Philpott","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e616","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00530-9","article-title":"The global alarm bell is ringing due to the threat of potential severe cases and deaths caused by clade I of monkeypox virus","volume":"24","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.3390\/v17060753","article-title":"Mpox 2022 to 2025 update: a comprehensive review on its complications, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Yadav","year":"2025","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2006.131329","article-title":"Fatal monkeypox in wild-living sooty mangabey, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, 2012","volume":"20","author":"Radoni\u0107","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.757","article-title":"Monkeypox zoonotic associations: insights from laboratory evaluation of animals associated with the multi-state US outbreak","volume":"76","author":"Hutson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810378649","article-title":"Animal models of orthopoxvirus infection","volume":"47","author":"Chapman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066071","article-title":"Pathogen-host associations and predicted range shifts of human monkeypox in response to climate change in central Africa","volume":"8","author":"Thomassen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.130272.2","article-title":"Monkeypox (mpox) in immunosuppressed patients","volume":"12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3390\/v9110340","article-title":"Vaccinia virus natural infections in Brazil: the good, the bad, and the ugly","volume":"9","author":"JSd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2406.180017","article-title":"Reemergence of human monkeypox in Nigeria, 2017","volume":"24","author":"Yinka-Ogunleye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113813","article-title":"Monkeypox: a comprehensive review on mutation, transmission, pathophysiology, and therapeutics","volume":"146","author":"Dutta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120846","article-title":"Monkeypox. I. Clinical, virologic and immunologic studies","volume":"87","author":"Wenner","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00241","article-title":"Emergence of monkeypox as the most important orthopoxvirus infection in humans","volume":"6","author":"Sklenovsk\u00e1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168664","article-title":"Presumptive risk factors for monkeypox in rural communities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"12","author":"Quiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(82)90003-7","article-title":"The global eradication of smallpox","volume":"10","author":"Strassburg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1610.100713","article-title":"Human monkeypox outbreak caused by novel virus belonging to Congo Basin clade, Sudan, 2005","volume":"16","author":"Formenty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16262","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005769107","article-title":"Major increase in human monkeypox incidence 30 years after smallpox vaccination campaigns ceased in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"107","author":"Rimoin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001705","article-title":"Current evidence demonstrates that monkeypox is a sexually transmitted infection","volume":"50","author":"Allan-Blitz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.3390\/v14091894","article-title":"Monkeypox, a literature review: what is new and where does this concerning virus come from?","volume":"14","author":"Tiecco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102402","article-title":"Phylogenomic analysis of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) 2022 outbreak: emergence of a novel viral lineage?","volume":"49","author":"Luna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-024-03920-z","article-title":"Monkeypox virus: insights into pathogenesis and laboratory testing methods","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46949-7","article-title":"Monkeypox virus genomic accordion strategies","volume":"15","author":"Monz\u00f3n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msq088","article-title":"Using time-structured data to estimate evolutionary rates of double-stranded DNA viruses","volume":"27","author":"Firth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0077","article-title":"Genomic annotation and molecular evolution of monkeypox virus outbreak in 2022","volume":"95","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.04.014","article-title":"Status of human monkeypox: clinical disease, epidemiology and research","volume":"29","author":"Damon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac298","article-title":"Geographic structuring and divergence time frame of monkeypox virus in the endemic region","volume":"227","author":"Forni","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0080","article-title":"Monkeypox: a comprehensive review of transmission, pathogenesis, and manifestation","volume":"14","author":"Kaler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1360586","article-title":"A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics","volume":"14","author":"Alakunle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.10802","article-title":"Monkeypox in 2022: what clinicians need to know","volume":"328","author":"Guarner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800589105","article-title":"Monkeypox virus evades antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses by suppressing cognate T cell activation","volume":"105","author":"Hammarlund","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2002.130118","article-title":"Genomic variability of monkeypox virus among humans, Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"20","author":"Kugelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141049","article-title":"Poxviruses and immune evasion","volume":"21","author":"Seet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2505.190076","article-title":"Diagnosis of imported monkeypox, Israel","volume":"25","author":"Erez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2004.08.015","article-title":"The exit of vaccinia virus from infected cells","volume":"106","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51074-6","article-title":"Multi-omics characterization of the monkeypox virus infection","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0089","article-title":"Enhancing case definitions for surveillance of human monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"11","author":"Osadebe","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS NTDs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Interim guidance for prevention and treatment of monkeypox in persons with HIV infection: United States, August 2022, CDC, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/71\/wr\/mm7132e4.htm (Accessed August 12, 2022).","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7132e4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00228-6","article-title":"Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK","volume":"22","author":"Adler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e210","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa143","article-title":"Clinical course and outcome of human monkeypox in Nigeria","volume":"71","author":"Ogoina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix260","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with human monkeypox infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"216","author":"Mbala","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.03.012","article-title":"Detection of monkeypox virus with real-time PCR assays","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.02.003","article-title":"Monkeypox (mpox) virus: classification, origin, transmission, genome organization, antiviral drugs, and molecular diagnosis","volume":"16","author":"Karagoz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780373","article-title":"The pathology of experimental aerosolized monkeypox virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"81","author":"Zaucha","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1099","article-title":"Poxvirus tropism","volume":"3","author":"McFadden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.3390\/v4050688","article-title":"Poxvirus cell entry: how many proteins does it take?","volume":"4","author":"Moss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.113788","article-title":"HDAC5 enhances IRF3 activation and is targeted for degradation by protein C6 from orthopoxviruses including Monkeypox virus and Variola virus","volume":"43","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2016.07.015","article-title":"Membrane fusion during poxvirus entry","volume":"60","author":"Moss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-83-12-2915","article-title":"The formation and function of extracellular enveloped vaccinia virus","volume":"83","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2404","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2404","article-title":"Monkeypox virus diagnosis and laboratory testing","volume":"33","author":"Nakhaie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122091","article-title":"Disease history, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics for human monkeypox disease: a comprehensive review","volume":"10","author":"Saied","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2005.00254.x","article-title":"Monkeypox virus: histologic, immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic findings","volume":"32","author":"Bayer-Garner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00778-4","article-title":"Differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mpox (monkeypox): a review for dermatologists","volume":"24","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1003.030878","article-title":"Monkeypox transmission and pathogenesis in prairie dogs","volume":"10","author":"Guarner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00856-9","article-title":"Human monkeypox: an emerging zoonosis","volume":"4","author":"Di Giulio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.12.7.867-872.2005","article-title":"Characterization of acute-phase humoral immunity to monkeypox: use of immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of monkeypox infection during the 2003 North American outbreak","volume":"12","author":"Karem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0703.017311","article-title":"Outbreak of human monkeypox, Democratic Republic of Congo, 1996 to 1997","volume":"7","author":"Hutin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0109","unstructured":"mpox (monkeypox). WHO Factsheet 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/mpox. (Accessed May 21, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.62411\/jcta.12255","article-title":"Feature fusion with albumentation for enhancing monkeypox detection using deep learning models","volume":"2","author":"Pratama","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Comput Theor Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102459","article-title":"Diagnosis of monkeypox virus\u2013An overview","volume":"50","author":"Altindis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.5582\/ddt.2022.01093","article-title":"Molecular and immunological diagnosis of Monkeypox virus in the clinical laboratory","volume":"16","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Discov Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0114","unstructured":"World Health O. Surveillance, case investigation and contact tracing for mpox (monkeypox): interim guidance, 22 December 2022. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2022. https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/documents\/surveillance-case-investigation-and-contact-tracing-mpox-monkeypox-interim-guidance. (Accessed May 21, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2022.106971","article-title":"FDA's authorized \u201cJYNNEOS\u201d vaccine for counteracting monkeypox global public health emergency;an update: correspondence","volume":"107","author":"Sah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-024-01690-1","article-title":"Understanding the biology of monkeypox virus to prevent future outbreaks","volume":"9","author":"Moss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114448","article-title":"Emergence and evolution of monkeypox virus: epidemiology, pathology, clinical symptoms, preventative and treatment measures","volume":"152","author":"Tripathi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/17.3.643","article-title":"The transmission potential of monkeypox virus in human populations","volume":"17","author":"Fine","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.3390\/v9120380","article-title":"Improving the care and treatment of monkeypox patients in low-resource settings: applying evidence from contemporary biomedical and smallpox biodefense research","volume":"9","author":"Reynolds","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1819791","article-title":"An overview of tecovirimat for smallpox treatment and expanded anti-orthopoxvirus applications","volume":"19","author":"Russo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00879-06","article-title":"Efficacy of delayed treatment with ST-246 given orally against systemic orthopoxvirus infections in mice","volume":"51","author":"Quenelle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1705688","article-title":"Oral tecovirimat for the treatment of smallpox","volume":"379","author":"Grosenbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1086\/587668","article-title":"Severe eczema vaccinatum in a household contact of a smallpox vaccinee","volume":"46","author":"Vora","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0124","first-page":"532","article-title":"Progressive vaccinia in a military smallpox vaccinee-United States","volume":"58","author":"Lederman","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0125","unstructured":"Novel drug approvals for 2022, U.S. Food and Drug, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/novel-drug-approvals-fda\/novel-drug-approvals-2022, (Accessed May 21, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.01.009","article-title":"Short-term clinical safety profile of brincidofovir: a favorable benefit\u2013risk proposition in the treatment of smallpox","volume":"143","author":"Chittick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2012.02.005","article-title":"Evaluation of disease and viral biomarkers as triggers for therapeutic intervention in respiratory mousepox: an animal model of smallpox","volume":"94","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antivir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020801900302","article-title":"Progress in the discovery of compounds inhibiting orthopoxviruses in animal models","volume":"19","author":"Smee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antivir Chem Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.12.001","article-title":"Vaccinia immune globulin: current policies, preparedness, and product safety and efficacy","volume":"10","author":"Wittek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1086\/498155","article-title":"Reemergence of monkeypox: prevalence, diagnostics, and countermeasures","volume":"41","author":"Weinstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.11.008","article-title":"Monkeypox: enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era","volume":"78","author":"Petersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0132","unstructured":"Multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries, World Health Organization, Available on: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2022-DON385#. (Accessed May 21, 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252307001259","article-title":"Buffalopox: an emerging and re-emerging zoonosis","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-022-01587-1","article-title":"Monkeypox vaccination begins-can the global outbreaks be contained?","volume":"606","author":"Kozlov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed1010008","article-title":"Human monkeypox: current state of knowledge and implications for the future","volume":"1","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2022.106705","article-title":"Unexpected sudden rise of human monkeypox cases in multiple non-endemic countries amid COVID-19 pandemic and salient counteracting strategies: another potential global threat?","volume":"103","author":"Mohapatra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/iht029","article-title":"Enhancing health care worker ability to detect and care for patients with monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"5","author":"Bass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.07.011","article-title":"Evaluating the performance of WHO and CDC case definitions for influenza-like illness in diagnosing influenza during the 2022\u20132023 flu season in Mexico","volume":"222","author":"Guzm\u00e1n-Esquivel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab135","article-title":"The evolving epidemiology of human monkeypox: questions still to be answered","volume":"223","author":"Heymann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200482","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.24.2200482","article-title":"Monkeypox in Europe and beyond\u2013tackling a neglected disease together","volume":"27","author":"Kluge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279_bib0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116932","article-title":"A label-free optical biosensor-based point-of-care test for the rapid detection of Monkeypox virus","volume":"269","author":"Aslan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens Bioelectron"}],"container-title":["Archives of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0188440925000992?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0188440925000992?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T14:09:32Z","timestamp":1771855772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0188440925000992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0188440925000992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0188-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0188-4409","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Primer on Monkeypox Infection: An Emerging Threat to Global Public Health","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Medical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2025.103279","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103279"}}