{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T00:14:58Z","timestamp":1792282498366,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001275","name":"Oak Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005111","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005111","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008368","name":"Arthritis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R171-A5869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R171-A5869"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008368","name":"Arthritis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["241122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["241122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014547","name":"Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002918","name":"Gentofte Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005275","name":"Region Hovedstaden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H-20047715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H-20047715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010363","name":"Minister Erna Hamilton's Scholarship for Science and Art","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003035","name":"Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20-40-0199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-40-0199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022118","name":"Hamilton Community Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022118","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:26:05Z","timestamp":1755822365000},"page":"566-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cannabidiol versus placebo in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-centre trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9257-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne Uggen","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva Ejlersen","family":"W\u00e6hrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pernille Hurup","family":"Duhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Bliddal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirstine","family":"Amris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3725-2","article-title":"Prevalence of fibromyalgia in general population and patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Heidari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g1224","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1224","volume":"348","author":"Rahman","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003904","article-title":"Health inequities and societal costs for patients with fibromyalgia and their spouses: a Danish cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Amris","year":"2024","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00873-6","article-title":"Emotion regulation and the salience network: a hypothetical integrative model of fibromyalgia","volume":"19","author":"Pinto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209724","article-title":"EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia","volume":"76","author":"Macfarlane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6541798","article-title":"Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for fibromyalgia","volume":"2020","author":"Tzadok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2023.12.018","article-title":"Mohabbat AB, Philpot LM. A cross-sectional survey study of cannabis use for fibromyalgia symptom management","volume":"99","author":"Singla","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001929","article-title":"Cannabinoids, cannabis, and cannabis-based medicine for pain management: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"162","author":"Fisher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002266","article-title":"International Association for the Study of Pain Presidential Task Force on Cannabis and Cannabinoid Analgesia: research agenda on the use of cannabinoids, cannabis, and cannabis-based medicines for pain management","volume":"162","author":"Haroutounian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707442","article-title":"The diverse CB1 and CB2 receptor pharmacology of three plant cannabinoids: \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and \u03949-tetrahydrocannabivarin","volume":"153","author":"Pertwee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8870","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21228870","article-title":"Cannabidiol for pain treatment: focus on pharmacology and mechanism of action","volume":"21","author":"Mlost","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2023.0025","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis","volume":"9","author":"Moazen-Zadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cannabis Cannabinoid Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0013","article-title":"A systematic review of fibromyalgia and recent advancements in treatment: is medicinal cannabis a new hope?","volume":"13","author":"Khurshid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-021-00520-5","article-title":"Exploring the use of cannabis as a substitute for prescription drugs in a convenience sample","volume":"18","author":"Kvamme","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330203","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Report of the multicenter criteria committee","volume":"33","author":"Wolfe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.03.003","article-title":"Considerations for improving assay sensitivity in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations","volume":"153","author":"Dworkin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s42238-021-00073-1","article-title":"Consensus recommendations on dosing and administration of medical cannabis to treat chronic pain: results of a modified Delphi process","volume":"3","author":"Bhaskar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cannabis Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R120","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2783","article-title":"The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR): validation and psychometric properties","volume":"11","author":"Bennett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.08.019","article-title":"Evaluation of a technology assisted physical activity intervention among hospitalised patients: a randomised study","volume":"69","author":"Dall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0021","series-title":"Volume 1: Development, standardization, and administration manual","article-title":"Asessment of motor and process skills","author":"Fisher","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2011.632380","article-title":"Differences between questionnaire- and interview-based measures of activities of daily living (ADL) ability and their association with observed ADL ability in women with rheumatoid arthritis, knee osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia","volume":"41","author":"W\u00e6hrens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9","article-title":"EuroQol\u2013a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life","volume":"16","year":"1990","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.19394","article-title":"Analyzing repeated measurements using mixed models","volume":"315","author":"Detry","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-054282","article-title":"Long-term and serious harms of medical cannabis and cannabinoids for chronic pain: a systematic review of non-randomised studies","volume":"12","author":"Zeraatkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-4520","article-title":"Cannabis-based products for chronic pain: a systematic review","volume":"175","author":"McDonagh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0027","article-title":"Cannabis-based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults","volume":"3","author":"M\u00fccke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0028","article-title":"Cannabinoids for fibromyalgia","volume":"7","author":"Walitt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0029","unstructured":"The Ministry for the Interior and Health of Denmark, 2018. Lov om fors\u00f8gsordning med medicinsk cannabis. Online: https:\/\/www.ism.dk\/sundhed\/medicin-og-apoteker\/forsoegsordning-med-medicinsk-cannabis."},{"issue":"7771","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-02524-5","article-title":"The reality behind cannabidiol\u2019s medical hype","volume":"572","author":"Eisenstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002466","article-title":"Cannabidiol treatment in hand osteoarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"163","author":"Vela","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0032","article-title":"Oral cannabidiol (CBD) as add-on to paracetamol for painful chronic osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Pramhas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200948030-00001","article-title":"Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"48","author":"Soldin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453","article-title":"Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"44","author":"Gandhi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241050-00002","article-title":"How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics?","volume":"41","author":"Meibohm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05454-8","article-title":"Placebo response and effect in randomized clinical trials: meta-research with focus on contextual effects","volume":"22","author":"Hafli\u00f0ad\u00f3ttir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1668","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1668","article-title":"Placebos in chronic pain: evidence, theory, ethics, and use in clinical practice","volume":"370","author":"Kaptchuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.13036","article-title":"Eriksson\u2019s caring theories. Part 1. The caritative caring theory, the multidimensional health theory and the theory of human suffering","volume":"36","author":"Bergbom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scand J Caring Sci"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496725042384?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496725042384?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T12:25:49Z","timestamp":1786191949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496725042384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496725042384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cannabidiol versus placebo in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-centre trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2025.07.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}