{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T16:06:18Z","timestamp":1788969978496,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020955","name":"GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA\/NV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004399","name":"UCB Pharma GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008021","name":"Bristol Myers Squibb Canada Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004312","name":"Eli Lilly and Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012351","name":"Tanabe Pharma Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012351","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008272","name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010795","name":"Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013671","name":"Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008897","name":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000042","name":"The Amgen Foundation Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T03:33:55Z","timestamp":1777001635000},"page":"1683-1693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chasing the target: reports from the Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting, 2025"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3892-6947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin L.","family":"Winthrop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kerschbaumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Isaacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3478-5665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Mease","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xenofon","family":"Baraliakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K.","family":"Crow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8962-5642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya","family":"Buch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1802-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Conaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9294-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margreet","family":"Kloppenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0546-8310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Distler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0577-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Landewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana E.","family":"Orange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2108-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Aletaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain B.","family":"McInnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas W.J.","family":"Huizinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Voll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen M.","family":"Gravallese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand C.","family":"Breedveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef S.","family":"Smolen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224916","article-title":"Unmet need in rheumatology: reports from the Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting, 2023","volume":"83","author":"Winthrop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217344","article-title":"EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"80","author":"Nagy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-220973","article-title":"EULAR points to consider for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"81","author":"Nagy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac563","article-title":"Early characterization of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis by suboptimal initial management: a multicentre cohort study","volume":"62","author":"Giollo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.02.004","article-title":"Risk profiling for a refractory course of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"49","author":"B\u00e9c\u00e8de","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000870","article-title":"Window of opportunity in rheumatoid arthritis - definitions and supporting evidence: from old to new perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Burgers","year":"2019","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.11.004","article-title":"Synovial tissue myeloid dendritic cell subsets exhibit distinct tissue-niche localization and function in health and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"57","author":"MacDonald","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"7987","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06708-y","article-title":"Deconstruction of rheumatoid arthritis synovium defines inflammatory subtypes","volume":"623","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000940","article-title":"Emerging synovial cell states in rheumatoid arthritis as potential therapeutic targets","volume":"35","author":"Mantel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1002\/path.6383","article-title":"Assessing spatial sequencing and imaging approaches to capture the molecular and pathological heterogeneity of archived cancer tissues","volume":"265","author":"Vo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02818-w","article-title":"Using explainable artificial intelligence to predict and forestall flare in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Alivernini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-023-00576-4","article-title":"Advances in PET imaging of cancer","volume":"23","author":"Schwenck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-024-01110-w","article-title":"Unlocking precision medicine: clinical applications of integrating health records, genetics, and immunology through artificial intelligence","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0014","article-title":"Novel methodology to discern predictors of remission and patterns of disease activity over time using rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials data","volume":"4","year":"2018","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00793-5","article-title":"Mechanisms of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis \u2014 immune cell\u2013fibroblast\u2013bone interactions","volume":"18","author":"Komatsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0378-1","article-title":"Defining inflammatory cell states in rheumatoid arthritis joint synovial tissues by integrating single-cell transcriptomics and mass cytometry","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0413-5","article-title":"Restoring synovial homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes","volume":"16","author":"Nygaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03343-4","article-title":"Targeting pathogenic fibroblast-like synoviocyte subsets in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Qian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930802198550","article-title":"Stem cell transplantation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Snowden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02017-5","article-title":"Anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"28","author":"Mackensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-226017","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and autoantibody seroconversion with CD19-CAR T cell therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and coexisting myasthenia gravis","volume":"83","author":"Haghikia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rkae074","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkae074","article-title":"Deciphering difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis (D2T-PsA): a GRAPPA perspective from an international survey of healthcare professionals","volume":"8","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rheumatol Adv Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.05.188","article-title":"OP0175 Establishing definitions for difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis (D2T-PsA) and complex-to-manage psoriatic arthritis (C2M-PsA): insights from the group for research and assessment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (GRAPPA) initiative","volume":"84","author":"Proft","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.06.619","article-title":"POS1269\u2005Eular points to consider for the definitions of difficult-to-manage and treatment-refractory psoriatic arthritis","volume":"84","author":"Marzo-Ortega","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-225087","article-title":"Time to address the challenge of difficult to treat psoriatic arthritis: results from an international survey","volume":"83","author":"Marzo-Ortega","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-025-01329-3","article-title":"Consensus definitions of complex-to-manage and treatment-refractory psoriatic arthritis: a GRAPPA initiative","volume":"22","author":"Proft","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2024.105770","article-title":"Navigating the complexities of difficult-to-treat axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"91","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.01.035","article-title":"The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) Consensus-Based Expert Definition of Difficult-to-Manage, including Treatment-Refractory, Axial Spondyloarthritis","volume":"84","author":"Poddubnyy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-225531","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies: 2023 update","volume":"83","author":"Gossec","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2023.105670","article-title":"Characteristics of difficult-to-treat axial spondyloarthritis: results of a real-world multicentric study","volume":"91","author":"Philippoteaux","year":"2024","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152275","article-title":"Characteristics of difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis: a comparative analysis","volume":"63","author":"Philippoteaux","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.05.190","article-title":"OP0177\u2014Exploring definitions and prevalence of difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis in 13,872 patients from five nordic registries","volume":"84","author":"Nielung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0033","article-title":"Adipokines, cardiovascular risk, and therapeutic management in obesity and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Porta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211734","article-title":"Treating axial spondyloarthritis and peripheral spondyloarthritis, especially psoriatic arthritis, to target: 2017 update of recommendations by an international task force","volume":"77","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22443","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the effect of disease activity and clinical damage on physical function over the course of psoriatic arthritis: does the effect change over time?","volume":"56","author":"Husted","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211433","article-title":"The effects of structural damage on functional disability in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"76","author":"Kerschbaumer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/art.43302","article-title":"Global recruiting patterns affect placebo response rates in clinical trials of psoriatic arthritis and plaque psoriasis","volume":"78","author":"Kerschbaumer","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25358","article-title":"Prevalence of fibromyalgia and widespread pain in psoriatic arthritis: association with disease severity assessment in a large US Registry","volume":"76","author":"Mease","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.160904","article-title":"Updating the Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Core Domain Set: a Report from the PsA Workshop at OMERACT 2016","volume":"44","author":"Orbai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218808","article-title":"Secukinumab in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial manifestations: results from the double-blind, randomised, phase 3 MAXIMISE trial","volume":"80","author":"Baraliakos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06589-y","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of guselkumab in biologic-na\u00efve patients with active axial psoriatic arthritis: study protocol for STAR, a phase 4, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Gladman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e716","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00264-3","article-title":"Sex-related differences in patient characteristics, and efficacy and safety of advanced therapies in randomised clinical trials in psoriatic arthritis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Eder","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000001023","article-title":"Navigating the complexity of pain in psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"36","author":"Mease","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-023-06806-2","article-title":"What is the association of depression with clinical response to therapy in patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs?","volume":"43","author":"Martins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211057975","article-title":"Axial Involvement in Psoriatic Arthritis cohort (AXIS): the protocol of a joint project of the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) and the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)","volume":"13","author":"Poddubnyy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0046","unstructured":"Torgutalp M, Azevedo V, Baraliakos X, Van den Bosch F, Braun J, Cauli A, et al. Characteristics of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Presenting with Axial Involvement: results of a Prospective International Multicenter Study (AXIS). presented at: ACR Convergence 2024; published as part of Arthritis & Rheumatology Abstracts (ACR Meeting Abstracts); 2024 2024; San Diego, CA. https:\/\/acrabstracts.org\/abstract\/characteristics-of-patients-with-psoriatic-arthritis-presenting-with-axial-involvement-results-of-a-prospective-international-multicenter-study-axis\/"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0006-8","article-title":"Axial disease in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: a critical comparison","volume":"14","author":"Feld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0175-0","article-title":"Preventing psoriatic arthritis: focusing on patients with psoriasis at increased risk of transition","volume":"15","author":"Scher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-220761","article-title":"Does biologic therapy impact the development of PsA among patients with psoriasis?","volume":"81","author":"Meer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-063650","article-title":"Efficacy of guselkumab, a selective IL-23 inhibitor, in Preventing Arthritis in a Multicentre Psoriasis At-Risk cohort (PAMPA): protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled multicentre trial","volume":"12","author":"Haberman","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01013-y","article-title":"Digital health technologies and machine learning augment patient reported outcomes to remotely characterise rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Creagh","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.220300","article-title":"The challenge of addressing the rheumatology workforce shortage","volume":"49","author":"Miloslavsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.05.009","article-title":"Addressing the rheumatology workforce shortage: a multifaceted approach","volume":"50","author":"Miloslavsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02613-z","article-title":"Targeted depletion of TRBV9+ T cells as immunotherapy in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"29","author":"Britanova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1134\/S1607672925700140","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of BCD-180, an Anti-TRBV9+ T cell monoclonal antibody, in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: 36-week results from the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical study ELEFTA","volume":"522","author":"Nasonov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dokl Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"7941","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05501-7","article-title":"Autoimmunity-associated T cell receptors recognize HLA-B*27-bound peptides","volume":"612","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii4","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae522","article-title":"Pathogenic T-cell clones in axial spondyloarthritis: what is the evidence?","volume":"63","author":"Penkava","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4228","article-title":"Microbes, the gut and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"15","author":"Costello","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2014.10.018","article-title":"The role of the gut and microbes in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis","volume":"28","author":"Asquith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.965634","article-title":"Axial spondyloarthritis patients have altered mucosal IgA response to oral and fecal microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Gill","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-014-8576-2","article-title":"ERAP1 in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"60","author":"Reeves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02463","article-title":"How ERAP1 and ERAP2 Shape the Peptidomes of Disease-Associated MHC-I Proteins","volume":"9","author":"L\u00f3pez de Castro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-023-00910-y","article-title":"ERAP1 and the return of the UPR in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"19","author":"Haroon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1618856114","article-title":"ERAP1 association with ankylosing spondylitis is attributable to common genotypes rather than rare haplotype combinations","volume":"114","author":"Roberts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224762","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: 2023 update","volume":"83","author":"Fanouriakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1002\/art.43212","article-title":"2024 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guideline for the screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis","volume":"77","author":"Sammaritano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.01.044","article-title":"Responsiveness of systemic lupus erythematosus subjects to iberdomide based on molecular endotypes","volume":"84","author":"Bachali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4650","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf215","article-title":"Unsupervised machine learning identifies distinct SLE patient endotypes with differential response to belimumab","volume":"64","author":"Depascale","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410965","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab in active lupus nephritis","volume":"392","author":"Furie","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03089-5","article-title":"Deconvolution of whole blood transcriptomics identifies changes in immune cell composition in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"25","author":"Akthar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000002102","article-title":"The Lupus Foundation of America-Rapid Evaluation of Activity in Lupus Clinician-Reported Outcome Predicts Damage in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Data from the almenara lupus cohort","volume":"30","author":"Ugarte-Gil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.17161","article-title":"An update on clinical trials for cutaneous lupus erythematosus","volume":"51","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2023-000901","article-title":"Meeting report: the ALPHA project: a stakeholder meeting on lupus clinical trial outcome measures and the patient perspective","volume":"10","author":"Buie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-024-01422-y","article-title":"Extrapolation of the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of belimumab to support its use in children with lupus nephritis","volume":"63","author":"Dimelow","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e560","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(24)00118-8","article-title":"Challenges of designing and conducting cohort studies and clinical trials in populations of pregnant people","volume":"6","author":"Schreiber","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1903076","article-title":"Nintedanib for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"380","author":"Distler","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202401-0246ED","article-title":"Enrichment strategies for systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease trials","volume":"209","author":"Volkmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1002\/art.43051","article-title":"Characterization of incident interstitial lung disease in late systemic sclerosis","volume":"77","author":"Hoa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217455","article-title":"Progressive interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease in the EUSTAR database","volume":"80","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e670","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(25)00217-6","article-title":"Further progression in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease \u2013 authors\u2019 reply","volume":"7","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"issue":"10354","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01349-6","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risk: a population-based study on 19 autoimmune diseases and 12 cardiovascular diseases in 22 million individuals in the UK","volume":"400","author":"Conrad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-024-01126-4","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes, molecular endotypes and theratypes in OA therapeutic development","volume":"20","author":"Mobasheri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-221763","article-title":"Osteoarthritis endotype discovery via clustering of biochemical marker data","volume":"81","author":"Angelini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Conaghan P, Guermazi A, Katz N, Bihlet A, Rom D, Perkins M, et al. LEVI-04, a novel neurotrophin-3 inhibitor, substantially improves pain and function without deleterious effects on joint structure in people with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled phase ii trial. presented at: ACR Convergence 2024; 2024; https:\/\/acrabstracts.org\/abstract\/levi-04-a-novel-neurotrophin-3-inhibitor-substantially-improves-pain-and-function-without-deleterious-effects-on-joint-structure-in-people-with-knee-osteoarthritis-a-randomized-controlled-phase-ii\/ American College of Rheumatology","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf142.004"},{"issue":"10414","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01572-6","article-title":"Methotrexate to treat hand osteoarthritis with synovitis (METHODS): an Australian, multisite, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"402","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7326\/M24-0303","article-title":"Pain reduction with oral methotrexate in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"177","author":"Kingsbury","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40840","article-title":"A phase II trial of lutikizumab, an anti-interleukin-1\u03b1\/\u03b2 dual variable domain immunoglobulin, in knee osteoarthritis patients with synovitis","volume":"71","author":"Fleischmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0527","article-title":"Effects of interleukin-1\u03b2 inhibition on incident hip and knee replacement: exploratory analyses from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"173","author":"Schieker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.7326\/M23-0289","article-title":"Association of low-dose colchicine with incidence of knee and hip replacements: exploratory analyses from a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial","volume":"176","author":"Heijman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0090","unstructured":"Cohen S, Conaghan P, Hochberg M, Kivitz A, Joy N, Jackson D, et al. Sustained clinical effects after a single intra-articular injection of PCRX-201 for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee. presented at: ACR Convergence 2024; November 17, 2024; https:\/\/acrabstracts.org\/abstract\/sustained-clinical-effects-after-a-single-intra-articular-injection-of-pcrx-201-for-moderate-to-severe-osteoarthritis-of-the-knee\/"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0091","first-page":"678","article-title":"DONATELLO: -a phase 1b randomized controlled trial evaluating safety and pharmacodynamics of a novel IL-1Ra gene therapy (GNSC-001) injection for knee OA: 6-month interim results abstract","volume":"37","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2403664","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in persons with obesity and knee osteoarthritis","volume":"391","author":"Bliddal","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.3471","article-title":"Metformin for knee osteoarthritis in patients with overweight or obesity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"333","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496726002104?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496726002104?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:06:34Z","timestamp":1788966394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496726002104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496726002104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chasing the target: reports from the Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting, 2025","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2026.03.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}