{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T14:36:18Z","timestamp":1793284578177,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"Sweden's Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholms L\u00e4ns Landsting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T07:13:28Z","timestamp":1784531608000},"page":"2107-2118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ultrasound-defined presynovitis is associated with progression to clinical arthritis in ACPA-positive individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal insights from the Karolinska Risk-RA cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3988-1629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogan","family":"Kisten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"C\u00eerciumaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Dehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Gr\u00f6nwall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Mathsson-Alm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Lundberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cidem","family":"Gentline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy Vivar","family":"Pomiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aase","family":"Hensvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Chatzidionysiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Geschwind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Johan","family":"Jakobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik af","family":"Klint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Askling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Westerlind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9601-6186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Klareskog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209846","article-title":"EULAR definition of arthralgia suspicious for progression to rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"76","author":"van Steenbergen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224211","article-title":"Therapeutic interception in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis to prevent clinically impactful disease","volume":"84","author":"Deane","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202048952","article-title":"Towards prevention of autoimmune diseases: the example of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Hensvold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2022.103217","article-title":"Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review of preventive strategies in at-risk individuals","volume":"22","author":"Frazzei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"issue":"10429","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02649-1","article-title":"Abatacept in individuals at high risk of rheumatoid arthritis (APIPPRA): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, parallel, placebo-controlled, phase 2b clinical trial","volume":"403","author":"Cope","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"10348","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01193-X","article-title":"Intervention with methotrexate in patients with arthralgia at risk of rheumatoid arthritis to reduce the development of persistent arthritis and its disease burden (TREAT EARLIER): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial","volume":"400","author":"Krijbolder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200990","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for terminology and research in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: report from the Study Group for Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Gerlag","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216716","article-title":"The earlier, the better or the worse? Towards accurate management of patients with arthralgia at risk for RA","volume":"79","author":"van der Helm-van Mil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev347","article-title":"Towards prevention of autoantibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis: from lifestyle modification to preventive treatment","volume":"55","author":"Gerlag","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0011","article-title":"The role of ultrasound across the inflammatory arthritis continuum: focus on \u201cat-risk\u201d individuals","volume":"7","author":"Duquenne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02061-0","article-title":"Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis in at-risk individuals: current status and future prospects","volume":"84","author":"Toyoda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208235","article-title":"Ultrasound findings predict progression to inflammatory arthritis in anti-CCP antibody-positive patients without clinical synovitis","volume":"75","author":"Nam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205227","article-title":"Predicting the development of clinical arthritis in anti-CCP positive individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal symptoms: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"74","author":"Rakieh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R98","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3028","article-title":"The value of ultrasonography in predicting arthritis in auto-antibody positive arthralgia patients: a prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"van de Stadt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1767-9","article-title":"The value of joint ultrasonography in predicting arthritis in seropositive patients with arthralgia: a prospective cohort study","volume":"20","author":"van Beers-Tas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2028","article-title":"THU0094 In ACPA positive at-risk individuals without clinical arthritis, is ultrasound sufficiently accurate to predict progression to inflammatory arthritis?","volume":"79","author":"Duquenne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0018","article-title":"Bone erosions detected by ultrasound are prognostic for clinical arthritis development in patients with ACPA and musculoskeletal pain","volume":"8","author":"Ziegelasch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0448-6","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound in patients with suspected arthritis\u2013a probabilistic approach","volume":"16","author":"Rezaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key025","article-title":"The role of ultrasound-defined tenosynovitis and synovitis in the prediction of rheumatoid arthritis development","volume":"57","author":"Sahbudin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac109","article-title":"Importance of tenosynovitis in preventing the progression through rheumatoid arthritis continuum","volume":"33","author":"Izumiyama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42320","article-title":"Combination of two monoclonal anti-citrullinated protein antibodies induced tenosynovitis, pain, and bone loss in mice in a peptidyl arginine deiminase-4-dependent manner","volume":"75","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3164","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae146","article-title":"Identification of early risk factors for anti-citrullinated-protein-antibody positive rheumatoid arthritis\u2014a prospective cohort study","volume":"63","author":"C\u00eerciumaru","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-219302","article-title":"Tenosynovitis has a high sensitivity for early ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative RA: a large cross-sectional MRI study","volume":"80","author":"Matthijssen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab862","article-title":"Ultrasound subclinical synovitis in anti-CCP-positive at-risk individuals with musculoskeletal symptoms: an important and predictable stage in the rheumatoid arthritis continuum","volume":"61","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0026","series-title":"Ultrasound and fluorescence optical imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of rheumatoid arthritis [doctoral thesis]","first-page":"86 p","author":"Kisten","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.068361","article-title":"Introduction of a novel magnetic resonance imaging tenosynovitis score for rheumatoid arthritis: reliability in a multireader longitudinal study","volume":"66","author":"Haavardsholm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161097","article-title":"Development and validation of OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis magnetic resonance tenosynovitis scoring system in multireader exercise","volume":"44","author":"Glinatsi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9060752","article-title":"What is the value of ultrasound in individuals \u2018at-risk\u2019 of rheumatoid arthritis who do not have clinical synovitis?","volume":"9","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.116384","article-title":"The ACPA isotype profile reflects long-term radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"69","author":"van der Woude","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214331","article-title":"MRI inflammation of the hand interosseous tendons occurs in anti-CCP-positive at-risk individuals and may precede the development of clinical synovitis","volume":"78","author":"Mankia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000427","article-title":"Scoring ultrasound synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: a EULAR-OMERACT ultrasound taskforce-part 2: reliability and application to multiple joints of a standardised consensus-based scoring system","volume":"3","author":"Terslev","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000428","article-title":"Scoring ultrasound synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: a EULAR-OMERACT ultrasound taskforce-part 1:definition and development of a standardised, consensus-based scoring system","volume":"3","author":"D\u2019Agostino","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181095","article-title":"OMERACT definitions for ultrasonographic pathologies and elementary lesions of rheumatic disorders 15 years on","volume":"46","author":"Bruyn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208103","article-title":"Prevalence of ultrasound synovial inflammatory findings in healthy subjects","volume":"75","author":"Padovano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37954","article-title":"Relevance of grade 1 gray-scale ultrasound findings in wrists and small joints to the assessment of subclinical synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Witt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0037","article-title":"When and how should we use imaging in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"9","author":"Harnden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.685312","article-title":"Autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis - laboratory and clinical perspectives","volume":"12","author":"R\u00f6nnelid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.091236","article-title":"Relationship between rheumatoid factor isotypes and IgG anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies","volume":"37","author":"Jaskowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00876","article-title":"Determination of autoantibody isotypes increases the sensitivity of serodiagnostics in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Sieghart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224728","article-title":"In early rheumatoid arthritis, anticitrullinated peptide antibodies associate with low number of affected joints and rheumatoid factor associates with systemic inflammation","volume":"83","author":"Pertsinidou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.01.013","article-title":"Clinical performance characteristics of a laboratory test. A practical approach in the autoimmune laboratory","volume":"8","author":"Bossuyt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-004510","article-title":"Arthritis progressors have a decreased frequency of circulating autoreactive T cells during the at-risk phase of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Turcinov","year":"2024","journal-title":"RMD Open."}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496726003705?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496726003705?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T14:08:22Z","timestamp":1793282902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496726003705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496726003705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultrasound-defined presynovitis is associated with progression to clinical arthritis in ACPA-positive individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal insights from the Karolinska Risk-RA cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2026.06.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}