{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T12:11:35Z","timestamp":1781957495686,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":212,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ageing Research Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T00:45:11Z","timestamp":1613609111000},"page":"101302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Targeting impaired nutrient sensing with repurposed therapeutics to prevent or treat age-related cognitive decline and dementia: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Kioussis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla S.L.","family":"Tuttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Heard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian K.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola T.","family":"Lautenschlager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea B.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.10.076","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of the amylin analogue pramlintide on Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis and cognition","volume":"35","author":"Adler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-017-0915-z","article-title":"Effect of metformin on adult hippocampal neurogenesis: comparison with donepezil and links to cognition","volume":"62","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2015.00013","article-title":"Insulin, aging, and the brain: mechanisms and implications","volume":"6","author":"Akintola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.2.5455","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I and cognitive function in healthy older men","volume":"84","author":"Aleman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.12.012","article-title":"Prolonged metformin treatment leads to reduced transcription of Nrf2 and neurotrophic factors without cognitive impairment in older C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"301","author":"Allard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw065","article-title":"Impact of single or repeated dose intranasal zinc-free insulin in young and aged F344 rats on cognition, signaling, and brain metabolism","volume":"72","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx212","article-title":"Caloric restriction research: new perspectives on the biology of aging","volume":"73","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1087","article-title":"Caffeine reverses cognitive impairment and decreases brain amyloid-beta levels in aged Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice","volume":"17","author":"Arendash","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7885","article-title":"Stomach is a major source of circulating ghrelin, and feeding state determines plasma ghrelin-like immunoreactivity levels in humans","volume":"86","author":"Ariyasu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0050","unstructured":"Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd., Australian medicines handbook. Australian Medicines Handbook. Adelaide, S.Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.05.046","article-title":"Insulin potentiates the therapeutic effect of memantine against central STZ-induced spatial learning and memory deficit","volume":"311","author":"Bahramian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.1970","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults: results of a controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Baker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15020","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.15020","article-title":"Rolipram, a type IV-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, facilitates the establishment of long-lasting long-term potentiation and improves memory","volume":"95","author":"Barad","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.05.030","article-title":"Study of the effect of inhibiting galanin in Alzheimer\u2019s disease induced in rats","volume":"641","author":"Baraka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.02.044","article-title":"Awake, long-term intranasal insulin treatment does not affect object memory, odor discrimination, or reversal learning in mice","volume":"174","author":"Bell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70088-3","article-title":"Dementia and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes and prediabetic stages: towards targeted interventions","volume":"2","author":"Biessels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e612","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.139","article-title":"Exenatide promotes cognitive enhancement and positive brain metabolic changes in PS1-KI mice but has no effects in 3xTg-AD animals","volume":"4","author":"Bomba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57256","article-title":"An anti-diabetes agent protects the mouse brain from defective insulin signaling caused by Alzheimer\u2019s disease- associated Abeta oligomers","volume":"122","author":"Bomfim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0095","first-page":"12","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 is associated with biomarkers of alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology and shows differential expression in transgenic mice","author":"Bonham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2010.123","article-title":"The growth hormone receptor: mechanism of activation and clinical implications","volume":"6","author":"Brooks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1598","article-title":"Design of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) allosteric modulators for enhancing cognition with improved safety","volume":"28","author":"Burgin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13107","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.100420","article-title":"Molecular interplay between mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), amyloid-beta, and Tau: effects on cognitive impairments","volume":"285","author":"Caccamo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180263","article-title":"Metformin use associated with reduced risk of dementia in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"65","author":"Campbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.06.015","article-title":"Therapeutic actions of insulin-like growth factor I on APP\/PS2 mice with severe brain amyloidosis","volume":"27","author":"Carro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09667","article-title":"A critical role for IGF-II in memory consolidation and enhancement","volume":"469","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4060","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9344-6","article-title":"Simvastatin enhances spatial memory and long-term potentiation in hippocampal CA1 via Upregulation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","volume":"53","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.09.008","article-title":"Metformin attenuates diabetes-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagic clearance","volume":"311","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.11.012","article-title":"Evidence of metabolic memory-induced neurodegeneration and the therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists via Forkhead box class O","volume":"1865","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.1202","article-title":"Metformin and the risk of dementia in type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"10","author":"Chin-Hsiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00118","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-II: new roles for an old actor","volume":"3","author":"Cianfarani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-122308","article-title":"Sex and ApoE genotype differences in treatment response to two doses of intranasal insulin in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"35","author":"Claxton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-159002","article-title":"Long acting intranasal insulin detemir improves cognition for adults with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"45","author":"Claxton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0165","series-title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists","author":"Collins","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0170","series-title":"Metformin, StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Corcoran","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12515","article-title":"Melatonin induces mechanisms of brain resilience against neurodegeneration","volume":"65","author":"Corpas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.233","article-title":"Intranasal insulin therapy for Alzheimer disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a pilot clinical trial","volume":"69","author":"Craft","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161256","article-title":"Effects of regular and long-acting insulin on cognition and alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers: a pilot clinical trial","volume":"57","author":"Craft","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01517.x","article-title":"Sildenafil restores cognitive function without affecting beta-amyloid burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"164","author":"Cuadrado-Tejedor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180766","article-title":"Treatment combinations for alzheimer\u2019s disease: current and future pharmacotherapy options","volume":"67","author":"Cummings","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2013.856877","article-title":"Intranasal insulin therapy for cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration: current state of the art","volume":"10","author":"de la Monte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0205","series-title":"Octreotide, StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Debnath","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16725","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2153-12.2012","article-title":"Cognitive enhancement with rosiglitazone links the hippocampal PPARgamma and ERK MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"32","author":"Denner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082294","article-title":"Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) Increased the Metabolic Activity of the Brain in an Elder Patient, Not GH-Deficient, Who Suffered Mild Cognitive Alterations and Had an ApoE 4\/3 Genotype","volume":"19","author":"Devesa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713000631","article-title":"Propranolol reduces cognitive deficits, amyloid and tau pathology in Alzheimer\u2019s transgenic mice","volume":"16","author":"Dobarro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712001393","article-title":"Propranolol reduces cognitive deficits, amyloid beta levels, tau phosphorylation and insulin resistance in response to chronic corticosterone administration","volume":"16","author":"Dobarro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.06.047","article-title":"Propranolol restores cognitive deficits and improves amyloid and Tau pathologies in a senescence-accelerated mouse model","volume":"64","author":"Dobarro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.12.041","article-title":"Sitagliptin protects the cognition function of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice through activating glucagon-like peptide-1 and BDNF-TrkB signalings","volume":"696","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117540","article-title":"Insulin mediated novel therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"249","author":"Dubey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0245","first-page":"9","article-title":"Pathology of neurodegenerative diseases","author":"Dugger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0250","series-title":"Thiazolidinediones, StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Eggleton","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/msj.20159","article-title":"Transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"77","author":"Elder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mt. Sinai J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.06.003","article-title":"Dexibuprofen prevents neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in APPswe\/PS1dE9 through multiple signaling pathways","volume":"13","author":"Ettcheto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7327","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-0868-4","article-title":"Peripheral and central effects of memantine in a mixed preclinical mice model of obesity and familial alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"55","author":"Ettcheto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00866.2010","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor knockout mice are impaired in learning, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis","volume":"105","author":"Faivre","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.10.012","article-title":"Role of simvastatin and insulin in memory protection in a rat model of diabetes mellitus and dementia","volume":"144","author":"Fawzy Fahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.05.016","article-title":"Nutrients, neurogenesis and brain ageing: from disease mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities","volume":"141","author":"Fidaleo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.03.002","article-title":"A model of lipid dysregulation and altered nutrient status in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Fluegge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement. N. Y. (N Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00146","article-title":"Successful therapies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: why so many in animal models and none in humans?","volume":"5","author":"Franco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1425","article-title":"Growth hormone-releasing hormone effects on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in mild cognitive impairment and healthy aging","volume":"70","author":"Friedman","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2015-0242","article-title":"Pioglitazone and exenatide enhance cognition and downregulate hippocampal beta amyloid oligomer and microglia expression in insulin-resistant rats","volume":"94","author":"Gad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00020","article-title":"Revisiting the role of insulin-like growth Factor-I receptor stimulating activity and the apolipoprotein e in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Galle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.02.001","article-title":"Crosstalk of metabolic factors and neurogenic signaling in adult neurogenesis: implication of metabolic regulation for mental and neurological diseases","volume":"106","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1021\/cn3000907","article-title":"Phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Garc\u00eda-Osta","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.03.025","article-title":"GLP-1 agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by beta-amyloid","volume":"587","author":"Gault","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01161.2007","article-title":"Protease-resistant glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by beta-amyloid","volume":"99","author":"Gault","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00108","article-title":"In alzheimer\u2019s disease, 6-Month treatment with GLP-1 analog prevents decline of brain glucose metabolism: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Gejl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-030212-183712","article-title":"Genetics of longevity in model organisms: debates and paradigm shifts","volume":"75","author":"Gems","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-019-00374-1","article-title":"Insulins as Drugs or Biologics in the USA: What Difference Does it Make and Why Does it Matter?","volume":"33","author":"George","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.10.070","article-title":"Deleterious effects of soluble beta amyloid on cognition, antagonism by saline and noradrenaline, a role for microglia","volume":"230","author":"Gibbs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000318845","article-title":"Rosiglitazone monotherapy in mild-to-Moderate alzheimer\u2019s disease: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study","volume":"30","author":"Gold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-132183","article-title":"The role of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 in male cognitive aging and dementia risk: the Caerphilly Prospective Study","volume":"41","author":"Green","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9132-3","article-title":"Intracerebroventricular streptozotocin injections as a model of alzheimer\u2019s disease: in search of a relevant mechanism","volume":"53","author":"Grieb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02949.x","article-title":"Activation of Akt\/PKB, increased phosphorylation of Akt substrates and loss and altered distribution of Akt and PTEN are features of Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology","volume":"93","author":"Griffin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12420","article-title":"Potentials of incretin-based therapies in dementia and stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Groeneveld","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12192","article-title":"Exenatide enhances cognitive performance and upregulates neurotrophic factor gene expression levels in diabetic mice","volume":"30","author":"Gumuslu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45971","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45971","article-title":"Long-term treatment with intranasal insulin ameliorates cognitive impairment, tau hyperphosphorylation, and microglial activation in a streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer\u2019s rat model","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.2174\/156720511796391935","article-title":"Rosiglitazone does not improve cognition or global function when used as adjunctive therapy to AChE inhibitors in mild-to-Moderate alzheimer\u2019s disease: two phase 3 studies","volume":"8","author":"Harrington","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0639-y","article-title":"DPP-4 inhibition with linagliptin ameliorates the progression of premature aging in klotho\u2212\/\u2212 mice","volume":"16","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01520","article-title":"Repurposing proteostasis-modifying drugs to prevent or treat age-related dementia: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Heard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102420","article-title":"The anti-diabetic drug metformin reduces BACE1 protein level by interfering with the MID1 complex","volume":"9","author":"Hettich","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","article-title":"SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies","volume":"14","author":"Hooijmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-101524","article-title":"Incidence of dementia is increased in type 2 diabetes and reduced by the use of sulfonylureas and metformin","volume":"24","author":"Hsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0420","article-title":"Exendin-4 protected against cognitive dysfunction in hyperglycemic mice receiving an intrahippocampal lipopolysaccharide injection","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12041194","article-title":"Mechanisms of lifespan regulation by calorie restriction and intermittent fasting in model organisms","volume":"12","author":"Hwangbo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80120-8","article-title":"Induction of CRE-mediated gene expression by stimuli that generate long-lasting LTP in area CA1 of the hippocampus","volume":"16","author":"Impey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6130","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0825-7","article-title":"Antidiabetic polypill improves central pathology and cognitive impairment in a mixed model of alzheimer\u2019s disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"55","author":"Infante-Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.10.008","article-title":"The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist exendin-4 improves reference memory performance and decreases immobility in the forced swim test","volume":"650","author":"Isacson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/rco2.9","article-title":"Growth hormone secretagogues: history, mechanism of action, and clinical development","volume":"3","author":"Ishida","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCSM Rapid Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026615666150610125856","article-title":"Age-related neurodegeneration prevention through mTOR inhibition: potential mechanisms and remaining questions","volume":"15","author":"Jahrling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.2.474","article-title":"Increased risk of type 2 diabetes in alzheimer disease","volume":"53","author":"Janson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1097\/00029330-200805010-00014","article-title":"Effect of insulin on the cognizing function and expression of hippocampal Abeta1-40 of rat with Alzheimer disease","volume":"121","author":"Jiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2012.00341.x","article-title":"PPAR? Agonist pioglitazone reverses memory impairment and biochemical changes in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"18","author":"Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12655","article-title":"Acute metformin preconditioning confers neuroprotection against focal cerebral ischaemia by pre-activation of AMPK-dependent autophagy","volume":"171","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.03.003","article-title":"Improvement of functional recovery by chronic metformin treatment is associated with enhanced alternative activation of microglia\/macrophages and increased angiogenesis and neurogenesis following experimental stroke","volume":"40","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.02.003","article-title":"Neurobehavioral effects of liraglutide and sitagliptin in experimental models","volume":"774","author":"Kamble","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1159\/000054694","article-title":"Improving influence of insulin on cognitive functions in humans","volume":"74","author":"Kern","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01616-3","article-title":"Combined vildagliptin and memantine treatment downregulates expression of amyloid precursor protein, and total and phosphorylated tau in a rat model of combined Alzheimer\u2019s disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"392","author":"Khalaf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21830","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912793107","article-title":"Biguanide metformin acts on tau phosphorylation via mTOR\/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) signaling","volume":"107","author":"Kickstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.05.025","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) protects against methylglyoxal-induced PC12 cell apoptosis through the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR\/GCLc\/redox signaling pathway","volume":"162","author":"Kimura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6539","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100620","article-title":"Blocking IL-1 signaling rescues cognition, attenuates tau pathology, and restores neuronal beta-catenin pathway function in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease model","volume":"187","author":"Kitazawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12148","article-title":"Vildagliptin: an anti-diabetes agent ameliorates cognitive deficits and pathology observed in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"Kosaraju","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6074","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-0125-7","article-title":"Linagliptin, a dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitor, mitigates cognitive deficits and pathology in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"54","author":"Kosaraju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2018.05.024","article-title":"Fasudil hydrochloride ameliorates memory deficits in rat model of streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease: involvement of PI3-kinase, eNOS and NF\u03baB","volume":"351","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8743-4","article-title":"Pan-PPAR modulation effectively protects APP\/PS1 mice from amyloid deposition and cognitive deficits","volume":"51","author":"Kummer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11452","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11452","article-title":"Ghrelin agonist does not foster insulin resistance but improves cognition in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"5","author":"Kunath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-018-00708-x","article-title":"Efficacy of cilostazol administration in alzheimer\u2019s disease patients with white matter lesions: a positron-emission tomography study","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2014.08.014","article-title":"Lixisenatide improves recognition memory and exerts neuroprotective actions in high-fat fed mice","volume":"61","author":"Lennox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1178626419842176","article-title":"The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins in the Nervous System","volume":"12","author":"Lewitt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.04833.x","article-title":"Levels of mTOR and its downstream targets 4E-BP1, eEF2, and eEF2 kinase in relationships with tau in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain","volume":"272","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5236-10.2011","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase-4D knock-out and RNA interference-mediated knock-down enhance memory and increase hippocampal neurogenesis via increased cAMP signaling","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2012.03.002","article-title":"Metformin attenuates Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like neuropathology in obese, leptin-resistant mice","volume":"101","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0565","first-page":"17","article-title":"The GLP-1 receptor agonists exendin-4 and liraglutide alleviate oxidative stress and cognitive and micturition deficits induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in diabetic mice","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0570","article-title":"Insulin degrading enzyme contributes to the pathology in a mixed model of Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: possible mechanisms of IDE in T2D and AD","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0575","series-title":"U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Evidence Syntheses, Formerly Systematic Evidence Reviews, Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: an Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","author":"Lin","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0199-y","article-title":"mTOR at the nexus of nutrition, growth, ageing and disease","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2006.08.009","article-title":"Neurotrophic property of geniposide for inducing the neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2007.04.021","article-title":"Geniposide, a novel agonist for GLP-1 receptor, prevents PC12 cells from oxidative damage via MAP kinase pathway","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2008.25","article-title":"Neuroprotection of geniposide against hydrogen peroxide induced PC12 cells injury: involvement of PI3 kinase signal pathway","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.11.059","article-title":"Effect of pioglitazone on insulin resistance in fructose-drinking rats correlates with AGEs\/RAGE inhibition and block of NAPDH oxidase and NF kappa B activation","volume":"629","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.05.039","article-title":"The hallmarks of aging","volume":"153","author":"Lopez-Otin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10250","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-23-10250.1999","article-title":"Nitric oxide signaling contributes to late-phase LTP and CREB phosphorylation in the hippocampus","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4499-5","article-title":"Lower risk of dementia with pioglitazone, compared with other second-line treatments, in metformin-based dual therapy: a population-based longitudinal study","volume":"61","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2376","article-title":"Metformin, lifestyle intervention, and cognition in the diabetes prevention program outcomes study","volume":"40","author":"Luchsinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27676","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15398","article-title":"Fluoxetine attenuates the impairment of spatial learning ability and prevents neuron loss in middle-aged APPswe\/PSEN1dE9 double transgenic Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice","volume":"8","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0630","first-page":"4113","article-title":"Vildagliptin prevents cognitive deficits and neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0635","first-page":"257","article-title":"Amyloid beta lowering and cognition enhancing effects of ghrelin receptor analog [D-Lys (3)] GHRP-6 in rat model of obesity","volume":"51","author":"Madhavadas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu314","article-title":"Intranasal insulin improves age-related cognitive deficits and reverses electrophysiological correlates of brain aging","volume":"71","author":"Maimaiti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12498","article-title":"Intranasal insulin alleviates cognitive deficits and amyloid pathology in young adult APPswe\/PS1dE9 mice","volume":"15","author":"Mao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0650","first-page":"3","article-title":"Effects of long-term treatment with pioglitazone on cognition and glucose metabolism of PS1-KI, 3xTg-AD, and wild-type mice","author":"Masciopinto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14063","article-title":"Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys","volume":"8","author":"Mattison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20160177","article-title":"Modelling the molecular mechanisms of aging","volume":"37","author":"Mc Auley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.005","article-title":"Liraglutide can reverse memory impairment, synaptic loss and reduce plaque load in aged APP\/PS1 mice, a model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"76 Pt A","author":"McClean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.07.015","article-title":"Lixisenatide, a drug developed to treat type 2 diabetes, shows neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"86","author":"McClean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.12.023","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues enhance synaptic plasticity in the brain: a link between diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"630","author":"McClean","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2686-y","article-title":"A high-fat-diet-induced cognitive deficit in rats that is not prevented by improving insulin sensitivity with metformin","volume":"55","author":"McNeilly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2018.11.009","article-title":"Pore-former enabled seeding of tau in rats: alleviation by memantine and lithium chloride","volume":"319","author":"Mietelska-Porowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.11.005","article-title":"Cognitively impaired elderly exhibit insulin resistance and no memory improvement with infused insulin","volume":"39","author":"Morris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-016-4301-2","article-title":"Differential metformin dose-dependent effects on cognition in rats: role of Akt","volume":"233","author":"Mostafa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0700","first-page":"69","article-title":"Caffeine prevents weight gain and cognitive impairment caused by a high-fat diet while elevating hippocampal","volume":"109","author":"Moy","year":"2013","journal-title":"BDNF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.R115.053330","article-title":"Neurodegeneration and alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). What can proteomics tell us about the alzheimer\u2019s brain?","volume":"15","author":"Moya-Alvarado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-018-9824-3","article-title":"Melatonin rescue oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation\/ neurodegeneration and memory impairment in scopolamine-induced Amnesia mice model","volume":"14","author":"Muhammad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131901","article-title":"Long-term metformin usage and cognitive function among older adults with diabetes","volume":"41","author":"Ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4920-04.2005","article-title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is expressed in adult hippocampus and induces progenitor cell proliferation","volume":"25","author":"Nyberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2014.04.018","article-title":"Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker losartan prevents and rescues cerebrovascular, neuropathological and cognitive deficits in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease model","volume":"68","author":"Ongali","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.03.018","article-title":"Sildenafil ameliorates cognitive deficits and tau pathology in a senescence-accelerated mouse model","volume":"33","author":"Orejana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2013.03.001","article-title":"Implication of JNK pathway on tau pathology and cognitive decline in a senescence-accelerated mouse model","volume":"48","author":"Orejana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0740","series-title":"Global Action Plan on the Public Health Response to Dementia 2017-2025","author":"Organisation","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0745","series-title":"Global Strategy and Action Plan on Ageing and Health","author":"Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155733","article-title":"Meta-analysis of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Ostrowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.12.009","article-title":"Metformin treatment prevents amyloid plaque deposition and memory impairment in APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"69","author":"Ou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12706","article-title":"Down-regulation of serum gonadotropins but not estrogen replacement improves cognition in aged-ovariectomized 3xTg AD female mice","volume":"130","author":"Palm","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-8-199604150-00002","article-title":"Growth hormone replacement in healthy older men improves body composition but not functional ability","volume":"124","author":"Papadakis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.17196.1","article-title":"mTOR as a central regulator of lifespan and aging","volume":"8","author":"Papadopoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.04.068","article-title":"Protective effect of the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor cilostazol on amyloid beta-induced cognitive deficits associated with decreased amyloid beta accumulation","volume":"408","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.05.029","article-title":"Growth hormone and prolactin regulate human neural stem cell regenerative activity","volume":"190","author":"Pathipati","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.037481","article-title":"Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4","volume":"302","author":"Perry","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2015.01.017","article-title":"Metformin increases APP expression and processing via oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and NF-\u03baB activation: use of insulin to attenuate metformin\u2019s effect","volume":"1853","author":"Picone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0521","article-title":"DPP-4 inhibitors improve cognition and brain mitochondrial function of insulin-resistant rats","volume":"218","author":"Pintana","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12088","article-title":"DPP4-inhibitor improves neuronal insulin receptor function, brain mitochondrial function and cognitive function in rats with insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet consumption","volume":"37","author":"Pipatpiboon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.200900003","article-title":"Expanding roles for AMP-activated protein kinase in neuronal survival and autophagy","volume":"31","author":"Poels","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.10.017","article-title":"Neuroprotection of Cilostazol against ischemia\/reperfusion-induced cognitive deficits through inhibiting JNK3\/caspase-3 by enhancing Akt1","volume":"1653","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.08.001","article-title":"Growth hormone treatment attenuates age-related changes in hippocampal short-term plasticity and spatial learning","volume":"129","author":"Ramsey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6335","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5463-11.2012","article-title":"CREB-dependent transcriptional control and quantal changes in persistent long-term potentiation in hippocampal interneurons","volume":"32","author":"Ran","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.03.016","article-title":"Effects of intranasal insulin on cognition in memory-impaired older adults: modulation by APOE genotype","volume":"27","author":"Reger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-143012","article-title":"Escitalopram ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation and spatial memory deficits induced by protein kinase a activation in Sprague Dawley Rats","volume":"47","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4342-z","article-title":"The mechanisms of action of metformin","volume":"60","author":"Rena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1273-x","article-title":"Selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors: a promising target for cognition enhancement","volume":"202","author":"Reneerkens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2013.818656","article-title":"PDE4 as a target for cognition enhancement","volume":"17","author":"Richter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.08.002","article-title":"Rosiglitazone reversal of Tg2576 cognitive deficits is independent of peripheral gluco-regulatory status","volume":"216","author":"Rodriguez-Rivera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0855","series-title":"Animal Models of Cognitive Impairment","article-title":"Assessments of cognitive deficits in mutant mice","author":"Rodriguiz","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-014-0214-y","article-title":"A single-dose pilot trial of intranasal rapid-acting insulin in apolipoprotein E4 carriers with mild-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Rosenbloom","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-014-9547-7","article-title":"Beneficial effects of melatonin in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Rudnitskaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0999-1","article-title":"Selective PDE inhibitors rolipram and sildenafil improve object retrieval performance in adult cynomolgus macaques","volume":"196","author":"Rutten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150307","article-title":"Central nervous system delivery of intranasal insulin: mechanisms of uptake and effects on cognition","volume":"47","author":"Salameh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.10.009","article-title":"Efficacy of PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone in mild Alzheimer disease","volume":"32","author":"Sato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.11.004","article-title":"Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, activates proteasome-mediated proteolysis and attenuates tauopathy and cognitive decline","volume":"193","author":"Schaler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00173","article-title":"Divergent Metabolic Regulation of Autophagy and mTORC1-Early Events in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease?","volume":"9","author":"Shafei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2017.02.004","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of growth hormone secretagogues","volume":"6","author":"Sigalos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex. Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0900","series-title":"Risk Factors for Dementia","author":"Society","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.09.024","article-title":"Exenatide reduces TNF-alpha expression and improves hippocampal neuron numbers and memory in streptozotocin treated rats","volume":"765","author":"Solmaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110149","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin D2 followed by intranasal insulin in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Stein","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0915","first-page":"1","article-title":"The advantages and limitations of using meta-analysis in human resource management research","volume":"27","author":"Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum. Resour. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2016.1010","article-title":"Metformin impairs spatial memory and visual acuity in old male mice","volume":"8","author":"Thangthaeng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2012.09.004","article-title":"Central angiotensin II-induced Alzheimer-like tau phosphorylation in normal rat brains","volume":"586","author":"Tian","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.72","article-title":"Activation of Wnt signaling by lithium and rosiglitazone reduced spatial memory impairment and neurodegeneration in brains of an APPswe\/PSEN1DeltaE9 mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Toledo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13037","article-title":"Alteration of mTOR signaling occurs early in the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD): analysis of brain from subjects with pre-clinical AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and late-stage AD","volume":"133","author":"Tramutola","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4239","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.9.4239","article-title":"Regulation of gene expression and its role in long-term memory and synaptic plasticity","volume":"94","author":"Tully","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1061","article-title":"Targeting the CREB pathway for memory enhancers","volume":"2","author":"Tully","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154450","article-title":"Association between cognition and serum insulin-like growth Factor-1 in middle-aged & older men: an 8 year follow-up study","volume":"11","author":"Tumati","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12936","article-title":"Ineffectiveness of saxagliptin as a neuroprotective drug in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats","volume":"70","author":"Turnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100939","article-title":"A multi-center randomized proof-of-Concept clinical trial applying [F-18]FDG-PET for evaluation of metabolic therapy with rosiglitazone XR in mild to moderate alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Tzimopoulou","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2018.12.015","article-title":"Sildenafil treatment of vascular dementia in aged rats","volume":"127","author":"Venkat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12556","article-title":"Chronic metformin treatment improves post-stroke angiogenesis and recovery after experimental stroke","volume":"39","author":"Venna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.04.008","article-title":"The role of type 2 diabetes in neurodegeneration","volume":"84","author":"Verdile","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.010","article-title":"Growth hormone releasing hormone improves the cognition of healthy older adults","volume":"27","author":"Vitiello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-014-1343-x","article-title":"Effects of long-term treatment with quercetin on cognition and mitochondrial function in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.05.020","article-title":"Simvastatin prevents beta-amyloid(25-35)-impaired neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus through alpha7nAChR-dependent cascading PI3K-Akt and increasing BDNF via reduction of farnesyl pyrophosphate","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3742","article-title":"Exendin-4 antagonizes Abeta1-42-induced attenuation of spatial learning and memory ability","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S141675","article-title":"Metformin: a review of its potential indications","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000065916.25128.25","article-title":"Insulin increases CSF Abeta42 levels in normal older adults","volume":"60","author":"Watson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1010","first-page":"950","article-title":"Preserved cognition in patients with early Alzheimer disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment during treatment with rosiglitazone: a preliminary study","volume":"13","author":"Watson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1165","article-title":"Effects of insulin and octreotide on memory and growth hormone in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Watson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2018.08.006","article-title":"Neural correlates of liraglutide effects in persons at risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"356","author":"Watson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e291","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004854","article-title":"Circulating insulin-like growth factors and Alzheimer disease: a mendelian randomization study","volume":"90","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2575","article-title":"Autophagy gone awry in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"13","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.03.011","article-title":"Escitalopram alleviates stress-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like tau pathologies and cognitive deficits by reducing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity and insulin\/GSK-3\u03b2 signal pathway activity","volume":"67","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.01.042","article-title":"Long-term acarbose administration alleviating the impairment of spatial learning and memory in the SAMP8 mice was associated with alleviated reduction of insulin system and acetylated H4K8","volume":"1603","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(96)80082-1","article-title":"CREB and the formation of long-term memory","volume":"6","author":"Yin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2008.10.014","article-title":"Insulin resistance and amyloidogenesis as common molecular foundation for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"1792","author":"Zhao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12190","article-title":"Simvastatin exerts antiamnesic effect in Abeta25-35 -injected mice","volume":"20","author":"Zhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302_bib1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.03.030","article-title":"Amylin receptor ligands reduce the pathological cascade of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"119","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"}],"container-title":["Ageing Research Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568163721000490?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568163721000490?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T18:46:55Z","timestamp":1761590815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568163721000490"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":212,"alternative-id":["S1568163721000490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-1637"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-1637","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Targeting impaired nutrient sensing with repurposed therapeutics to prevent or treat age-related cognitive decline and dementia: A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ageing Research Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101302","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101302"}}