{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:56:39Z","timestamp":1792616199271,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019345","name":"King Salman Center for Disability Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019345","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ageing Research Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T06:34:08Z","timestamp":1792391648000},"page":"103424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Aging, regeneration, and peripheral nerve repair: Integrated multi-omics biomarkers and AI-enabled therapeutic discovery approaches"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Muhanad Musaad","family":"Alhujaily","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal Adnan","family":"Ashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Shafie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Anjum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7164-0791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tooba Naz","family":"Shamsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taj","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2024.1421704","article-title":"Psychology of nerve injury, repair, and recovery: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Adu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Rehabil. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.07.012","article-title":"Proteomics analysis of site-and stage-specific protein expression after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"23","author":"Aiki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2331205X.2018.1466404","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury and axonotmesis: State of the art and recent advances","volume":"5","author":"Alvites","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cogent Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.08.064","article-title":"Changes in the Coding and Non-coding Transcriptome and DNA Methylome that Define the Schwann Cell Repair Phenotype after Nerve Injury","volume":"20","author":"Arthur-Farraj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-026-00786-z","article-title":"A deep learning framework for automated quantification of peripheral nerve lesions in MR neurography","volume":"10","author":"Beste","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00038","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms involved in Schwann cell plasticity","volume":"10","author":"Boerboom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.adx9003","article-title":"Metabolic alterations after traumatic neural injury: Mechanistic insights and potential translational targets for axon regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Cao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-025-01564-4","article-title":"Aging-Related Changes in the Injury Response of the Peripheral Nervous System","volume":"42","author":"Cen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib9","first-page":"151","article-title":"Basic nerve histology and histological analyses following peripheral nerve repair and regeneration","author":"Chato-Astrain","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Haacke, E.M., Li, J., 2019. Peripheral nerve magnetic resonance imaging. F1000Research 8, F1000 Faculty Rev-1803.","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19695.1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24653","article-title":"Therapeutic Potential of Growth Hormone in Peripheral Nerve Injury: Enhancing Schwann Cell Proliferation and Migration Through IGF-1R-AKT and ERK Signaling Pathways","volume":"73","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030364","article-title":"The role of physical exercise and rehabilitative implications in the process of nerve repair in peripheral neuropathies: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Chiaramonte","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2025.04.004","article-title":"A Deep Learning Approach for Nerve Injury Classification in Brachial Plexopathies Using Magnetic Resonance Neurography with Modified Hiking Optimization Algorithm","volume":"32","author":"Dahou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acad. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8344","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158344","article-title":"Unraveling axon guidance during axotomy and regeneration","volume":"22","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Romero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28467","article-title":"Serum biomarkers for traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review","volume":"72","author":"Faust","year":"2025","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2024.1425780","article-title":"Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of the injured proximal and distal human digital nerve ends","volume":"17","author":"Frostadottir","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-110","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration: gaining perspective on inflammatory events after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"8","author":"Gaudet","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14060884","article-title":"Early intensive neurorehabilitation in traumatic peripheral nerve injury\u2014state of the art","volume":"14","author":"Gouveia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04671-6","article-title":"Erythropoietin promotes M2 macrophage phagocytosis of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve injury","volume":"13","author":"Govindappa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. death & Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-026-04230-z","article-title":"Applications of artificial intelligence in peripheral neurosurgery: a systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Green","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3895","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26083895","article-title":"Optimizing peripheral nerve regeneration: Surgical techniques, biomolecular and regenerative strategies\u2014A narrative review","volume":"26","author":"Grosu-Bularda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12061256","article-title":"Inflammation in the peripheral nervous system after injury","volume":"12","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines14030636","article-title":"Aging and peripheral nerve injuries: impaired repair, inflammaging impact, and regeneration resistance","volume":"14","author":"Gu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-024-00849-3","article-title":"Neuronal maturation and axon regeneration: unfixing circuitry to enable repair","volume":"25","author":"Hilton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2024.114687","article-title":"GPNMB promotes peripheral nerve regeneration by activating the Erk1\/2 and Akt pathways via binding Na(+)\/K(+)-ATPase \u03b11 in Schwann cells","volume":"373","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-025-04374-2","article-title":"The role of endothelial cell glycolysis in Schwann cells and peripheral nerve injury repair: a novel and important research area","volume":"50","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6937","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.622878","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of Schwann cell enhancers after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"290","author":"Hung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.08.007","article-title":"Chromatin-remodeling enzymes in control of Schwann cell development, maintenance and plasticity","volume":"47","author":"Jacob","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3521","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270874","article-title":"The repair Schwann cell and its function in regenerating nerves","volume":"594","author":"Jessen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib30","series-title":"Physiotherapy for Adult Neurological Conditions","first-page":"621","article-title":"Peripheral nerve disorders","author":"Joshua","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.60223","article-title":"Analysis of the immune response to sciatic nerve injury identifies efferocytosis as a key mechanism of nerve debridement","volume":"9","author":"Kalinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/15578100251392371","article-title":"Integrative multi-omics and artificial intelligence: a new paradigm for systems biology","volume":"29","author":"Kant","year":"2025","journal-title":"Omics a J. Integr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11411","article-title":"Impairment of peripheral nerve regeneration by insufficient activation of the HGF\/c-Met\/c-Jun pathway in aged mice","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-022-08895-w","article-title":"Transcription and proteome changes involved in re-innervation muscle following nerve crush in rats","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-019-0338-1","article-title":"Growth factors-based therapeutic strategies and their underlying signaling mechanisms for peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.70290","article-title":"Role of non-coding RNAs in axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2026.02.012","article-title":"New approach methodologies for drug discovery","volume":"189","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-026-02631-6","article-title":"Multi-omics and artificial intelligence for precision drug discovery and potential clinical applications","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-026-08914-z","article-title":"Revisiting the Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020918","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury treatments and advances: one health perspective","volume":"23","author":"Lopes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119715672.ch16","article-title":"Diseases of the peripheral nerves","author":"Lunn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. A Queen Sq. Textb."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9135","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1370-16.2016","article-title":"Epigenomic Regulation of Schwann Cell Reprogramming in Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e08281","article-title":"The role of exercise on peripheral nerve regeneration: from animal model to clinical application","volume":"7","author":"Maugeri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-025-01882-5","article-title":"Enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration in aging: the role of Schwann cells, c-Jun, and emerging therapeutic strategies","volume":"48","author":"Mehdipour","year":"2026","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2025.1628081","article-title":"The extracellular matrix in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration: a narrative review of its role and therapeutic potential","volume":"19","author":"Metafune","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Neuroanat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12398","article-title":"Integrins promote axonal regeneration after injury of the nervous system","volume":"93","author":"Nieuwenhuis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03516-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of Schwann cell plasticity involved in peripheral nerve repair after injury","volume":"77","author":"Nocera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9082","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26189082","article-title":"Optogenetic and endogenous modulation of Ca2+ signaling in schwann cells: implications for autocrine and paracrine neurotrophic regulation","volume":"26","author":"Numata","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6277","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136277","article-title":"Histone acetylation in central and peripheral nervous system injuries and regeneration: epigenetic dynamics and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Palom\u00e9s-Borrajo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.07.013","article-title":"Age-related effects on peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"50","author":"Porche","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. hand Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.286956","article-title":"Interaction between Schwann cells and other cells during repair of peripheral nerve injury","volume":"16","author":"Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib52","series-title":"Peripheral nerve tissue engineering and regeneration","first-page":"437","article-title":"Drug therapies for peripheral nerve injuries","author":"Rayner","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19767-3","article-title":"Neuroprotective drug for nerve trauma revealed using artificial intelligence","volume":"8","author":"Romeo-Guitart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib54","article-title":"Challenges in Clinical Research for Nerve Injuries (Nerve SPACE 2025)","volume":"8","author":"Saltzman","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg. Glob. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073377","article-title":"Basic pathological mechanisms in peripheral nerve diseases","volume":"26","author":"Schenone","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0825","article-title":"NMDA receptors coordinate metabolic reprogramming and mitophagy in Schwann cells to promote peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"8","author":"Shan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib57","first-page":"832","article-title":"iTRAQ-based proteomics profiling of Schwann cells before and after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"21","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Basic. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib58","article-title":"A burden of nerve injury from a global perspective, 1990\u20132021: an analysis of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability","volume":"16","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12041","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S547018","article-title":"Advanced nanoparticle-engineered platforms for peripheral nerve repair: multimodal therapeutic strategies and clinical translation","volume":"20","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00641","article-title":"Multilevel analysis of the central\u2013peripheral\u2013target organ pathway: contributing to recovery after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"20","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2852","article-title":"The impact of the extracellular matrix on inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Sorokin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1602112","article-title":"Endoneurial immune interplay in peripheral nerve repair: insights and implications for future therapeutic interventions","volume":"19","author":"Sprenger-Sva\u010dina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00467","article-title":"The axon-myelin unit in development and degenerative disease","volume":"12","author":"Stassart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2020.03.008","article-title":"Predictors of functional outcome after peripheral nerve injury and compression","volume":"34","author":"Stonner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hand Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.865266","article-title":"Engineered Schwann cell-based therapies for injury peripheral nerve reconstruction","volume":"16","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000011974","article-title":"An Open-Source, User-Friendly Machine-Learning Method for Automated Segmentation and Analysis of Peripheral Nerve Cross-Sections","volume":"156","author":"Suchyta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib67","series-title":"Feature Selection and Feature Extraction on Omics Data","first-page":"147","article-title":"Feature Extraction and Selection Methods and Bioinformatics Approach on Omics Data to Identify Molecular Signatures for Specific Diseases","author":"Syed","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12625","article-title":"Conduction slowing, conduction block and temporal dispersion in demyelinating, dysmyelinating and axonal neuropathies: Electrophysiology meets pathology","volume":"29","author":"Uncini","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbac191","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches using gene expression and variant data for personalized medicine","volume":"23","author":"Vadapalli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinforma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221121410","article-title":"Predictors Using Machine Learning of Complete Peroneal Nerve Palsy Recovery After Multiligamentous Knee Injury: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"10","author":"Vasavada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.62232","article-title":"Failures of nerve regeneration caused by aging or chronic denervation are rescued by restoring Schwann cell c-Jun","volume":"10","author":"Wagstaff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2022.104619","article-title":"Label-free proteomics-based analysis of peripheral nerve injury induced by Japanese encephalitis virus","volume":"264","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Proteom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1745990","article-title":"The neuroimmune microenvironment of peripheral nerve injury: mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapeutic implications","volume":"13","author":"Warner","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8856","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35606-6","article-title":"Next-generation RNA sequencing elucidates transcriptomic signatures of pathophysiologic nerve regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Warner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.637924","article-title":"A Subpopulation of Schwann Cell-Like Cells With Nerve Regeneration Signatures Is Identified Through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib76","series-title":"The Future for Assessment of the Processes and Experiences of Nerve Injury, Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering and Regeneration","first-page":"491","article-title":"Clinical Outcome Measures Following Peripheral Nerve Repair","author":"Wilcox","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12576","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain measurements following nerve trauma","volume":"28","author":"Wilcox","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib78","article-title":"Deep learning-based hybrid analysis for axonal regeneration and myelination in rat sciatic nerve","author":"Won","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7384","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157384","article-title":"Biomaterial-Based nucleic acid delivery systems for In situ tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7431","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04049-z","article-title":"Genes in axonal regeneration","volume":"61","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-026-04000-0","article-title":"Age-driven lipid remodeling promotes reciprocal ferro-inflammation response via TLR4 signaling to impair nerve regeneration","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib82","article-title":"Advancements in autologous peripheral nerve transplantation care: a review of strategies and practices to facilitate recovery","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib83","article-title":"Nanoparticle-Mediated Immunometabolic-Epigenetic Remodeling Enhances Schwann Cell-Macrophage Interaction for Sciatic Nerve Regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-025-00443-w","article-title":"Modulating Schwann cell behavior via functional nerve guidance conduits for enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.46439\/signaling.3.077","article-title":"Neuroimmune interplay in peripheral neuropathies","volume":"3","author":"Yao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ad628d","article-title":"Scaffold design considerations for peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11110898","article-title":"Biomaterial and Hydrogel Strategies for Regenerative Microenvironment Reconstruction in Peripheral Nerve Conduits","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib88","article-title":"Unraveling the immune system\u2019s role in peripheral nerve regeneration: A pathway to enhanced healing","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib89","article-title":"The role of immune regulation in peripheral nerve regeneration: functions of inflammatory cells and cytokines","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-03090-0","article-title":"Transcriptional control of peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4051","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-25-00610","article-title":"Multi-omics technologies: Novel tools and methods for assessing nerve injury and regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-016-0028-7","article-title":"Non-coding RNAs as emerging regulators of neural injury responses and regeneration","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."}],"container-title":["Ageing Research Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568163726004162?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568163726004162?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:28:56Z","timestamp":1792614536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568163726004162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":92,"alternative-id":["S1568163726004162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-1637"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-1637","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Aging, regeneration, and peripheral nerve repair: Integrated multi-omics biomarkers and AI-enabled therapeutic discovery approaches","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ageing Research Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2026.103424","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103424"}}