{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T00:25:42Z","timestamp":1793751942842,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["archives-rrct.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T23:42:30Z","timestamp":1778283750000},"page":"100630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sequential Cryoneurolysis and Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy for Refractory Wrist Flexor Contracture: A Retrospective Case Series in Stroke and Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8403-6988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Winston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Pepler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdis","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280400014576","article-title":"Spasticity: clinical perceptions, neurological realities and meaningful measurement","volume":"27","author":"Pandyan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215510381620","article-title":"Spasticity and contractures at the wrist after stroke: time course of development and their association with functional recovery of the upper limb","volume":"25","author":"Malhotra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20285","article-title":"Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. II: emergence of muscle overactivity","volume":"31","author":"Gracies","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20284","article-title":"Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: paresis and soft tissue changes","volume":"31","author":"Gracies","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2010.00539.x","article-title":"Poststroke chronic disease management: Towards improved identification and interventions for poststroke spasticity-related complications","volume":"6","author":"Brainin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2018.08.004","article-title":"Adjuvant treatments associated with botulinum toxin injection for managing spasticity: an overview of the literature","volume":"62","author":"Picelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0b013e328353e3d4","article-title":"Classification of posture in poststroke upper limb spasticity: a potential decision tool for botulinum toxin A treatment?","volume":"35","author":"Hefter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002728","article-title":"Measuring the efficacy of percutaneous cryoneurolysis in participants with refractory or plateaued shoulder, elbow, wrist, or finger spasticity","author":"Hashemi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2018","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0009","first-page":"S114","article-title":"Cryoneurotomy as a novel adjunct to botulinum toxin treatment for the spastic elbow: a case study","volume":"156","author":"Winston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2016.1204229","article-title":"Novel cryoneurolysis device for the treatment of sensory and motor peripheral nerves","volume":"13","author":"Ilfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Med Devices"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24306","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration and recovery of motor nerves after multiple focused cold therapies","volume":"51","author":"Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for ultrasound guidance for diagnostic nerve blocks for spasticity. What are the advantages?","volume":"104","author":"Winston","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2021.101513","article-title":"Diagnostic nerve blocks in spasticity management: E-survey of current practices in physical rehabilitation medicine in France","volume":"64","author":"Spittler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e167","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001801","article-title":"Ultrasound with e-stimulation diagnostic nerve blocks for targeted muscle selection in spasticity","volume":"100","author":"Winston","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0015","article-title":"A case report illustrating the combined use of cryoneurolysis and percutaneous needle tenotomy in the treatment of longstanding spastic shoulder contractures after stroke","volume":"5","author":"Herzog","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins18030137","article-title":"Innovative management of spastic shoulder contractures: a retrospective cohort analysis of combined percutaneous cryoneurolysis and tenotomy","volume":"18","author":"Winston","year":"2026","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.08.003","article-title":"Soft tissue surgery for adults with nonfunctional, spastic hands following central nervous system lesions: a retrospective study","volume":"42","author":"Gatin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143495","article-title":"Effectiveness and complications of percutaneous needle tenotomy with a large needle for muscle contractures: a cadaver study","volume":"10","author":"Chesnel","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2015.11.005","article-title":"An alternative treatment for contractures of the elderly institutionalized persons: microinvasive percutaneous needle tenotomy of the finger flexors","volume":"59","author":"Schnitzler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2013.11.001","article-title":"Acquired deforming hypertonia and contractures in elderly subjects: definition and prevalence in geriatric institutions (ADH survey)","volume":"57","author":"Dehail","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0021","article-title":"Percutaneous tenotomy for the management of spastic contractures in adults: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Jarratt Barnham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Rehab Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0022","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided percutaneous distal biceps tenotomy for fixed spastic elbow contracture in cerebral palsy: case report and technical note","volume":"12","author":"Hermoso de Mendoza Pi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl Published online March"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050802530557","article-title":"The Modified Tardieu Scale for the measurement of elbow flexor spasticity in adult patients with hemiplegia","volume":"22","author":"Ansari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206","article-title":"Inter rater reliability of a modified Ashworth Scale of muscle spasticity","volume":"67","author":"Bohannon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002796","article-title":"Cryoneurolysis for the forearm in spasticity management","volume":"104","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630_bib0026","article-title":"Cryoneurolysis for managing spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a case report demonstrating sustained functional gains and cost-effectiveness","volume":"7","author":"Hughes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl"}],"container-title":["Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590109526000479?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590109526000479?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T23:37:35Z","timestamp":1793749055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590109526000479"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2590109526000479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-1095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sequential Cryoneurolysis and Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy for Refractory Wrist Flexor Contracture: A Retrospective Case Series in Stroke and Spinal Cord Injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arrct.2026.100630","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100630"}}