{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T23:56:41Z","timestamp":1781827001189,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","arthroplastyjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T19:49:02Z","timestamp":1515527342000},"page":"1872-1878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Irrigation and Debridement for Early Periprosthetic Knee Infection: Is It Effective?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0763-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajkishen","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afshin A.","family":"Anoushiravani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameer M.","family":"Elbuluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin K.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward M.","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0681-7014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Schwarzkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00012","article-title":"Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030","volume":"89","author":"Kurtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01639","article-title":"Variation in hospital-level risk-standardized complication rates following elective primary total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"96","author":"Bozic","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-14-00455","article-title":"Novel developments in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periprosthetic joint infections","volume":"23","author":"Parvizi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-03-153","article-title":"Two-stage revision arthroplasty for management of chronic periprosthetic hip and knee infection: techniques, controversies, and outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Kuzyk","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2015.7.1.69","article-title":"The parameters affecting the success of irrigation and debridement with component retention in the treatment of acutely infected total knee arthroplasty","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20080601-22","article-title":"Evaluation and management of the infected total hip and knee","volume":"31","author":"Moyad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20090201-18","article-title":"Prosthesis retention, serial debridement, and antibiotic bead use for the treatment of infection following total joint arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"Tintle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03333.x","article-title":"Early prosthetic joint infection: outcomes with debridement and implant retention followed by antibiotic therapy","volume":"17","author":"Cobo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.03.009","article-title":"Definition of periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"29","author":"Parvizi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1433-2","article-title":"The Mark Coventry Award: diagnosis of early postoperative TKA infection using synovial fluid analysis","volume":"469","author":"Bedair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2434-0","article-title":"Culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection does not preclude infection control","volume":"470","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra035415","article-title":"Current concepts\u2014treatment of infections associated with surgical implants","volume":"350","author":"Darouiche","year":"2004","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib13","first-page":"1746","article-title":"The impact of infection after total hip arthroplasty on hospital and surgeon resource utilization","volume":"87a","author":"Bozic","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.01196","article-title":"Management of modifiable risk factors prior to primary hip and knee arthroplasty: a readmission risk assessment tool","volume":"97","author":"Boraiah","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1086\/318502","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 2 management strategies for infected total hip arthroplasty in the elderly","volume":"32","author":"Fisman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.5301\/ijao.5000148","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infections due to Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci","volume":"35","author":"Tornero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1910-2","article-title":"Infection control rate of irrigation and debridement for periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"469","author":"Koyonos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2011.03.031","article-title":"Irrigation and debridement for periprosthetic infections: does the organism matter?","volume":"26","author":"Odum","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis746","article-title":"A\u00a0large multicenter study of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections managed with implant retention","volume":"56","author":"Lora-Tamayo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2009.04.027","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection risk after total hip arthroplasty in the Medicare population","volume":"24","author":"Ong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00116","article-title":"The impact of glycemic control and diabetes mellitus on perioperative outcomes after total joint arthroplasty","volume":"91","author":"Marchant","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00111-13","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection","volume":"27","author":"Tande","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00515","article-title":"Morbid obesity: a significant risk factor for failure of two-stage revision total hip arthroplasty for infection","volume":"97","author":"Houdek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001610010636","article-title":"Biofilm and the role of antibiotics in the treatment of periprosthetic hip and knee joint infections","volume":"10","author":"Mirza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis803","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"56","author":"Osmon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2013.823589","article-title":"Prosthetic joint-associated infections treated with DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, irrigation, and retention): analysis of risk factors and local antibiotic carriers in 91 patients","volume":"84","author":"Kuiper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30961-5","article-title":"Treatment of infections occurring in total hip surgery","volume":"6","author":"Coventry","year":"1975","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199604000-00005","article-title":"Infection after total hip arthroplasty\u2014a study of the treatment of one hundred and six infections","volume":"78a","author":"Tsukayama","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567020-00014","article-title":"Bacterial adherence to biomaterials and tissue. The significance of its role in clinical sepsis","volume":"67","author":"Gristina","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.14075","article-title":"The effectiveness of debridement, antibiotics and irrigation for periprosthetic joint infections after primary hip and knee arthroplasty. A 15 years retrospective study in two community hospitals in The Netherlands","volume":"1","author":"de Vries","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200211000-00022","article-title":"Results of direct exchange or debridement of the infected total knee arthroplasty","author":"Silva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.03.051","article-title":"Poor outcomes of irrigation and debridement in acute periprosthetic joint infection with antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate beads","volume":"32","author":"Flierl","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"6 Suppl.\u00a02","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2007.04.013","article-title":"Preoperative testing for sepsis before revision total knee arthroplasty","volume":"22","author":"Della Valle","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00470","article-title":"Cell count and differential of aspirated fluid in the diagnosis of infection at the site of total knee arthroplasty","volume":"90","author":"Ghanem","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.06.022","article-title":"Synovial fluid leukocyte count and differential for the diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection","volume":"117","author":"Trampuz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib36","article-title":"Are all periprosthetic joint infections the same? Evaluating major versus minor criteria","author":"Klement","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-001-0301-9","article-title":"The outcome of perioperative wound infection after total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Abudu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22581","article-title":"Etiology of surgical site infections after primary total joint arthroplasties","volume":"32","author":"Benito","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib39","first-page":"399","article-title":"Organism profile in periprosthetic joint infection: pathogens differ at two arthroplasty infection referral centers in Europe and in the United States","volume":"27","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Knee Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-4748-9","article-title":"Does preadmission cutaneous chlorhexidine preparation reduce surgical site infections after total hip arthroplasty?","volume":"474","author":"Kapadia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.06.058","article-title":"Risk factors for infection following total knee arthroplasty: a series of 3836 cases from one institution","volume":"30","author":"Crowe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.5301\/hipint.5000328","article-title":"Debridement, antibiotics and implant retention in early periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"26","author":"Bergkvist","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hip Int"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883540318300019?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883540318300019?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T01:55:54Z","timestamp":1660269354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0883540318300019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0883540318300019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-5403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-5403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Irrigation and Debridement for Early Periprosthetic Knee Infection: Is It Effective?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Arthroplasty","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2017.12.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}