{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:39:08Z","timestamp":1786984748643,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroplastyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T21:30:05Z","timestamp":1650490205000},"page":"1858-1864.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Differing Microorganism Profile in Early and Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty \u2014 Implications for Empiric Antibiotic Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5465-7217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katy","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Terrill","family":"Munro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon W.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5396-4","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection is the main cause of failure for modern knee arthroplasty: an analysis of 11,134 knees","volume":"475","author":"Koh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1086\/502033","article-title":"The impact of surgical-site infections following orthopedic surgery at a community hospital and a university hospital: adverse quality of life, excess length of stay, and extra cost","volume":"23","author":"Whitehouse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B6.35185","article-title":"Dealing with the predicted increase in demand for revision total knee arthroplasty: challenges, risks and opportunities","volume":"97-B","author":"Hamilton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.07.022","article-title":"Projected increase in total knee arthroplasty in the United States - an alternative projection model","volume":"25","author":"Inacio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guiding empirical antibiotic therapy in orthopaedics: the microbiology of prosthetic joint infection managed by debridement, irrigation and prosthesis retention","volume":"55","author":"Moran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971060-00005","article-title":"Two-stage reconstruction of a total hip arthroplasty because of infection","volume":"71","author":"McDonald","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01523.x","article-title":"Treatment of bone and joint infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli with a cefepime-fluoroquinolone combination","volume":"12","author":"Legout","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197807000-00043","article-title":"Gram negative bone and joint infection: sixty patients treated with amikacin","author":"Schurman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-002-3079-9","article-title":"Management of infection associated with prosthetic joints","volume":"31","author":"Zimmerli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.8.470","article-title":"Incidence and sources of native and prosthetic joint infection: a community based prospective survey","volume":"56","author":"Kaandorp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200409000-00018","article-title":"Two-stage revision hip arthroplasty for infection: comparison between the interim use of antibiotic-loaded cement beads and a spacer prosthesis","volume":"86","author":"Hsieh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1086\/520202","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection: when can prosthesis salvage be considered?","volume":"29","author":"Tattevin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.01.066","article-title":"Failed debridement and implant retention does not compromise the success of subsequent staged revision in infected total knee arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2102-9","article-title":"New definition for periprosthetic joint infection: from the workgroup of the musculoskeletal infection society","volume":"469","author":"Parvizi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.01.015","article-title":"Encapsulation in fusogenic liposomes broadens the spectrum of action of vancomycin against Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"35","author":"Nicolosi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15677","article-title":"Proposed empiric antibiotic therapy for prosthetic joint infections: an analysis of the PIANO cohort","volume":"52","author":"David","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200606000-00009","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria infecting total joint arthroplasty sites","volume":"88","author":"Fulkerson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib19","first-page":"399","article-title":"Organism profile in periprosthetic joint infection: patho- gens differ at two arthroplasty infection referral centers in Europe and in the United States","volume":"27","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Knee Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3109\/00365540903186207","article-title":"Microbiology of the infected knee arthroplasty: report from the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register on 426 surgically revised cases","volume":"41","author":"Stef\u00e1nsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.13720","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in early periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"86","author":"Ravi","year":"2016","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3080","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3539-2","article-title":"Microorganisms responsible for periprosthetic knee infections in England and Wales","volume":"24","author":"Holleyman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B7.17150","article-title":"The incidence of deep prosthetic infections in a specialist orthopae- dic hospital: a 15-year prospective survey","volume":"88","author":"Phillips","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-020-00638-y","article-title":"Epidemiology and microbiology of prosthetic joint infections: a nine-year, single-center experience in Pavia, Northern Italy","volume":"105","author":"Mussa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2019.1621595","article-title":"Optimization of the empirical antibiotic choice during the treatment of acute prosthetic joint infections: a retrospective analysis of 91 patients","volume":"90","author":"Van Erp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib26","first-page":"328","article-title":"Analysis of postoperative and hematogenous prosthetic joint-infection microbiological patterns in a large cohort","volume":"76","author":"Zeller","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.035","article-title":"Microbiologic epidemiology depending on time to occurrence of prosthetic joint infection: a prospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Triffault-Fillit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2019.01.006","article-title":"Microbiology of polymicrobial prosthetic joint infection","volume":"94","author":"Flurin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0215035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215035","article-title":"Obese patients have higher rates of polymicrobial and Gram-negative early periprosthetic joint infections of the hip than non-obese patients","volume":"14","author":"L\u00f6wik","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.081","article-title":"Success rates of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention in 230 infected total knee arthroplasties: implications for classification of periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"36","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00017","article-title":"Principles of anti- biotic prophylaxis in total joint arthroplasty: current concepts","volume":"23","author":"Bosco","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06246-11","article-title":"Microbiological aetiology, epidemiology, and clinical profile of prosthetic joint infections: are current antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines effective?","volume":"56","author":"Peel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5302-0","article-title":"Vancomycin prophylaxis for total joint arthroplasty: incorrectly dosed and has a higher rate of periprosthetic infection than cefazolin","volume":"475","author":"Kheir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1889-0","article-title":"Outcome of patients with streptococcal prosthetic joint infections with special reference to rifampicin combinations","volume":"16","author":"Fiaux","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix227","article-title":"The not-so-good prognosis of streptococcal periprosthetic joint infection managed by implant retention: the results of a large multicenter study","volume":"64","author":"Lora-Tamayo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2011.03.044","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection caused by Gram-negative organisms","volume":"26","author":"Zmistowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.24285","article-title":"Treatment of prosthetic joint infection with debridement, antibiotics and irrigation with implant retention - a narrative review","volume":"3","author":"Sousa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.09.051","article-title":"Expanded Gram- negative antimicrobial prophylaxis reduces surgical site infections in hip arthroplasty","volume":"31","author":"Bosco","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1856-1","article-title":"Cefepime-induced neurotoxicity: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Payne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1086\/658942","article-title":"Leveraging electronic medical records for surveillance of surgical site infection in a total joint replacement population","volume":"32","author":"Maria","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883540322004053?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883540322004053?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:41:03Z","timestamp":1760121663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0883540322004053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0883540322004053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-5403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-5403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differing Microorganism Profile in Early and Late Prosthetic Joint Infections Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty \u2014 Implications for Empiric Antibiotic Treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Arthroplasty","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2022.04.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}