{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:39:28Z","timestamp":1788586768075,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroplastyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T02:37:07Z","timestamp":1751942227000},"page":"560-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Novel Technologies in Periprosthetic Joint Infections: Emerging Therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4546-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew L.","family":"Magruder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathanael D.","family":"Heckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay R.","family":"Lieberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giles","family":"Scuderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Lustig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Parvizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Mont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04060-5","article-title":"Incidence of periprosthetic joint infection after primary total hip arthroplasty is underestimated: a synthesis of meta-analysis and bibliometric analysis","volume":"18","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.05.042","article-title":"Are we winning or losing the battle with periprosthetic joint infection: trends in periprosthetic joint infection and mortality risk for the medicare population","volume":"33","author":"Kurtz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.12.005","article-title":"Projected economic burden of periprosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Premkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0019-y","article-title":"Implant infections: adhesion, biofilm formation and immune evasion","volume":"16","author":"Arciola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-16-00636","article-title":"Staphylococcal biofilms and immune polarization during prosthetic joint infection","volume":"25 Suppl 1","author":"Gries","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp469","article-title":"Two-stage revision for prosthetic joint infection: predictors of outcome and the role of reimplantation microbiology","volume":"65","author":"Bejon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.12.005","article-title":"Two-stage exchange arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection following total hip or knee arthroplasty is associated with high attrition rate and mortality","volume":"35","author":"Barton","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.5194\/jbji-6-379-2021","article-title":"Long-term outcome of two-stage revision surgery after hip and knee prosthetic joint infections: an observational study","volume":"6","author":"Bourgonjen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B12.BJJ-2020-0792.R1","article-title":"Current actual success rate of the two-stage exchange arthroplasty strategy in chronic hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"102-b","author":"Corona","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9499-7","article-title":"The role of one-stage exchange for prosthetic joint infection","volume":"11","author":"Rowan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"1_Supple_A","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.101B1.BJJ-2018-0374.R1","article-title":"Indications for a single-stage exchange arthroplasty for chronic prosthetic joint infection: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Thakrar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib12","article-title":"A meta-analysis of success rates of one-stage versus two-stage revisions in knee prosthetic joint infections","volume":"16","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B6.33086","article-title":"Single-stage revision for the infected total knee replacement: results from a single centre","volume":"96-b","author":"Tibrewal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-24-00013","article-title":"Comparable results of single and two-stage exchange for select periprosthetic hip and knee infection","volume":"32","author":"Sutton","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.01.043","article-title":"Survival and outcomes of 1.5-stage vs 2-stage exchange total knee arthroplasty following prosthetic joint infection","volume":"37","author":"Nabet","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.01.044","article-title":"A \"1.5-Stage\" spacer construct using revision components for the management of periprosthetic joint infection of the knee","volume":"40","author":"Heckmann","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7 Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib17","article-title":"Success of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention in prosthetic joint infection following primary total knee arthroplasty: results from a prospective multicenter study of 189 cases","volume":"38","author":"Rahardja","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.088","article-title":"Acceptable success rate in patients with periprosthetic knee joint infection treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention","volume":"34","author":"Ottesen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.03.050","article-title":"Complete eradication of biofilm from orthopedic materials","volume":"32","author":"Leary","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7520","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07321-6","article-title":"Employing high-frequency alternating magnetic fields for the non-invasive treatment of prosthetic joint infections","volume":"7","author":"Chopra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2021.2011434","article-title":"Feasibility of heating metal implants with alternating magnetic fields (AMF) in scaled up models","volume":"39","author":"Sadaphal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.65.BJR-2016-0308.R1","article-title":"Non-contact electromagnetic induction heating for eradicating bacteria and yeasts on biomaterials and possible relevance to orthopaedic implant infections: in vitro findings","volume":"6","author":"Pijls","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.94.BJR-2019-0274.R1","article-title":"Induction heating for eradicating Staphylococcus epidermidis from biofilm","volume":"9","author":"Pijls","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2019.1710269","article-title":"Synergy between induction heating, antibiotics, and N-acetylcysteine eradicates Staphylococcus aureus from biofilm","volume":"37","author":"Pijls","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.119.BJR-2022-0010.R1","article-title":"Effectiveness of mechanical cleaning, antibiotics, and induction heating on eradication of Staphylococcus aureus in mature biofilms","volume":"11","author":"Pijls","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-021-00239-y","article-title":"Alternating magnetic fields and antibiotics eradicate biofilm on metal in a synergistic fashion","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2017.1381688","article-title":"Synergistic effects of heat and antibiotics on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms","volume":"33","author":"Ricker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106271","article-title":"Alternating magnetic fields (AMF) and linezolid reduce Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in a large animal implant model","volume":"89","author":"Somawardana","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-49660-7","article-title":"Intermittent alternating magnetic fields diminish metal-associated biofilm in vivo","volume":"13","author":"Shaikh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2024-0111.R2","article-title":"In vivo reduction of biofilm seeded on orthopaedic implants","volume":"13","author":"Cordero Garc\u00eda-Gal\u00e1n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04785-x","article-title":"Biofilm on total joint replacement materials can be reduced through electromagnetic induction heating using a portable device","volume":"19","author":"Enrique","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22169100","article-title":"Extracellular DNA (eDNA). A major ubiquitous element of the bacterial biofilm architecture","volume":"22","author":"Campoccia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib33","article-title":"Crumbling the Castle: targeting DNABII proteins for collapsing bacterial biofilms as a therapeutic approach to treat Disease and Combat antimicrobial resistance","volume":"11","author":"Rogers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609223103","article-title":"Binding then bending: a mechanism for wrapping DNA","volume":"103","author":"Khrapunov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219256","article-title":"Human antibody repertoire frequently includes antibodies to a bacterial biofilm associated protein","volume":"14","author":"Ryser","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib36","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody disrupts biofilm structure and restores antibiotic susceptibility in an orthopedic implant infection model","volume":"12","author":"Burke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02588-15","article-title":"A high-affinity native human antibody disrupts biofilm from Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and potentiates antibiotic efficacy in a mouse implant infection model","volume":"60","author":"Estell\u00e9s","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00904-17","article-title":"A human biofilm-disrupting monoclonal antibody potentiates antibiotic efficacy in rodent models of both Staphylococcus aureus and acinetobacter baumannii infections","volume":"61","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00655-24","article-title":"Phase 1 study of the pharmacokinetics and clinical proof-of-concept activity of a biofilm-disrupting human monoclonal antibody in patients with chronic prosthetic joint infection of the knee or hip","volume":"68","author":"Conway","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00655-24","article-title":"Phase 1 study of the pharmacokinetics and clinical proof-of-concept activity of a biofilm-disrupting human monoclonal antibody in patients who have chronic prosthetic joint infection of the knee or hip","volume":"68","author":"Conway","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9495-y","article-title":"Two-stage revision arthroplasty for the treatment of prosthetic joint infection","volume":"11","author":"Charette","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2002.14.5.492","article-title":"Release of antibiotics from polymethylmethacrylate cement","volume":"14","author":"Bertazzoni Minelli","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2024.03.069","article-title":"Safety profile of seven-day intra-articular antibiotic irrigation for the treatment of chronic periprosthetic joint infection: a prospective randomized phase II comparative study","volume":"39","author":"Springer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib44","series-title":"Success of Seven-Day Intra-Articular Antibiotic Irrigation for the Treatment of Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection: 12-month Results from Two Prospective Randomized Comparative Studies","author":"Springer","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1086\/600877","article-title":"Vancomycin therapeutic guidelines: a summary of consensus recommendations from the infectious diseases society of America, the American society of health-system pharmacists, and the society of infectious diseases pharmacists","volume":"49","author":"Rybak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990768","article-title":"Antibiotics and bone cements. Experimental and clinical long-term observations","volume":"51","author":"Wahlig","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30171","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of antibiotic release from and bacteria growth inhibition by antibiotic-loaded acrylic bone cement spacers","volume":"72","author":"Anagnostakos","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.23.01412","article-title":"In vivo intra-articular antibiotic concentrations at 24 hours after TKA fall below the minimum inhibitory concentration for most bacteria: a randomized study of commercially available bone cement","volume":"106","author":"Lizcano","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05895-5","article-title":"Mechanical strength of antibiotic-loaded PMMA spacers in two-stage revision surgery","volume":"23","author":"Lunz","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202300389","article-title":"Antibiotic-loaded Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylenes","volume":"24","author":"Lekkala","year":"2024","journal-title":"Macromol Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0080","article-title":"A fully functional drug-eluting joint implant","volume":"1","author":"Suhardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"Supple_A","key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B6.BJJ-2019-1593.R1","article-title":"Addressing prosthetic joint infections via gentamicin-eluting UHMWPE spacer","volume":"102-b","author":"Gil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-04871-y","article-title":"Synergistic use of anti-inflammatory ketorolac and gentamicin to target staphylococcal biofilms","volume":"22","author":"Sekar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.017","article-title":"Phage therapy: From biological mechanisms to future directions","volume":"186","author":"Strathdee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-021-00433-y","article-title":"Bacteriophage therapy for inhibition of multi drug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria: a narrative review","volume":"20","author":"Chegini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2020-0163","article-title":"Potential for bacteriophage therapy for Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia with influenza A coinfection","volume":"16","author":"Speck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30482-1","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of a cocktail of bacteriophages to treat burn wounds infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PhagoBurn): a randomised, controlled, double-blind phase 1\/2 trial","volume":"19","author":"Jault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2023.07.002","article-title":"Refractory Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections treated with phage PASA16: a compassionate use case series","volume":"4","author":"Onallah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy269","article-title":"Salvage debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (\"DAIR\") with local injection of a selected cocktail of bacteriophages: is it an option for an elderly patient with relapsing Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic-joint infection?","volume":"5","author":"Ferry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib60","article-title":"Salvage bacteriophage therapy for a chronic MRSA prosthetic joint infection","volume":"9","author":"Doub","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15020177","article-title":"Successful use of salvage bacteriophage therapy for a recalcitrant MRSA knee and hip prosthetic joint infection","volume":"15","author":"Schoeffel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib62","article-title":"Case report: arthroscopic \"debridement antibiotics and implant retention\" with local injection of personalized phage therapy to salvage a relapsing Pseudomonas aeruginosa prosthetic knee infection","volume":"8","author":"Ferry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00424-9","article-title":"Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of LBP-EC01, a CRISPR-Cas3-enhanced bacteriophage cocktail, in uncomplicated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli (ELIMINATE): the randomised, open-label, first part of a two-part phase 2 trial","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.698909","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of novel polyvalent bacteriophages with potent in vitro activity against an international collection of genetically diverse Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"11","author":"Whittard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0634-z","article-title":"Safety of bacteriophage therapy in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"5","author":"Petrovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1306","article-title":"Dysregulation of bacterial proteolytic machinery by a new class of antibiotics","volume":"11","author":"Br\u00f6tz-Oesterhelt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2019.05.008","article-title":"Toxic Activation of an AAA + Protease by the Antibacterial Drug Cyclomarin A","volume":"26","author":"Maurer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Chem Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12790","article-title":"Activated ClpP kills persisters and eradicates a chronic biofilm infection","volume":"503","author":"Conlon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib69","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro effects of a ClpP-activating antibiotic against vancomycin-resistant enterococci","volume":"62","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.9b00245","article-title":"Ureadepsipeptides as ClpP activators","volume":"5","author":"Griffith","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.01.007","article-title":"Human ClpP protease, a promising therapy target for diseases of mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"26","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib72","series-title":"Development of a Dual-Targeting ClpP Activating Antibiotic","author":"LaFleur","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8017","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c10983","article-title":"Poly(d-amino acid) nanoparticles target staphylococcal growth and biofilm disassembly by interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis","volume":"18","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188628","article-title":"D-amino acids trigger biofilm disassembly","volume":"328","author":"Kolodkin-Gal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-010-0571-8","article-title":"Emerging knowledge of regulatory roles of D-amino acids in bacteria","volume":"68","author":"Cava","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.8b00076","article-title":"Magnetic glycol chitin-based hydrogel nanocomposite for combined thermal and d-amino-acid-assisted biofilm disruption","volume":"4","author":"Abenojar","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.2c01083","article-title":"Combination d-amino acid and photothermal hydrogel for the treatment of prosthetic joint infections","volume":"6","author":"Milbrandt","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl Bio Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5862","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.0c01018","article-title":"Photoactivated gold nanorod hydrogel composite containing d-amino acids for the complete eradication of bacterial biofilms on metal alloy implant materials","volume":"3","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl Nano Mater"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Arthroplasty"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088354032500837X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088354032500837X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T00:04:06Z","timestamp":1766793846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088354032500837X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S088354032500837X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-5403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-5403","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Novel Technologies in Periprosthetic Joint Infections: Emerging Therapeutics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Arthroplasty","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2025.06.086","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}