{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:18:57Z","timestamp":1777695537818,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of intra\u2010articularly administered ketamine, neostigmine, and bupivacaine after outpatient arthroscopic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Type of study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, randomized, double\u2010blind, clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 60 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery other than ligament reconstruction were evaluated for postoperative pain. Ketamine, neostigmine, and bupivacaine were administered intra\u2010articularly. The period of effective analgesia, recorded in minutes, was measured between time 0 and first usage of patient\u2010controlled anesthesia (PCA) by the patients. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to describe the pain level of the patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VAS values were lower for the 3 medication groups compared with the placebo at rest and 90\u00b0 knee flexion. Intra\u2010articular administration of 0.5 mg\/kg ketamine provided longer duration of analgesia as defined by the first PCA use time (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). The total amount of pethidine and analgesia time were longer for the 3 medication groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our basic finding was reduction in postoperative pain and consumption of adequate analgesic drugs with intra\u2010articular ketamine, bupivacaine, or neostigmine use. We have not seen any psychomimetic side effects, particularly as seen with higher doses or systemic use. This study may conclude that intra\u2010articular administration of ketamine provides long\u2010lasting and effective analgesia, similar to neostigmine but less effective than bupivacaine after knee arthroscopy without any adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level I.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2003.11.038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,6]],"date-time":"2004-03-06T05:39:24Z","timestamp":1078551564000},"page":"300-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["The efficacy of intra\u2010articular ketamine for postoperative analgesia in outpatient arthroscopic surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Didem","family":"Dal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Hacettepe University Ankara 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