{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:59:39Z","timestamp":1792799979868,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if cartilage particles increased the expression of TNF\u2010\u03b1 by articular chondrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Type of study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In vitro experiment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Articular chondrocytes were obtained from patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis (n = 3) and from patients undergoing below\u2010knee amputation for peripheral vascular disease (n = 3). Chondrocytes were then incubated with and without cartilage particles at a concentration of 5 \u03bcg\/10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells for 24 hours. TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels were then determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes had low baseline expression of TNF\u2010\u03b1 under standard cell culture conditions. Expression was markedly increased in response to incubation with cartilage particles, and was statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cartilage debris in the traumatized and osteoarthritic joint may increase the concentration of TNF\u2010\u03b1 in the joint, contributing to joint symptoms and cartilage destruction. Arthroscopic debridement and lavage may improve symptoms by washing these harmful components from the joint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,9]],"date-time":"2004-12-09T17:58:50Z","timestamp":1102615130000},"page":"1040-1043","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cartilage debris increases the expression of chondrodestructive tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 by articular chondrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Cameron\u2010Donaldson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University O'Neill Laboratories Division of Arthritis Surgery Good Samaritan Hospital Baltimore Maryland U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University O'Neill Laboratories Division of Arthritis Surgery Good Samaritan Hospital Baltimore Maryland U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Hungerford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University O'Neill Laboratories Division of Arthritis Surgery Good Samaritan Hospital Baltimore Maryland U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmelita G.","family":"Frondoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University O'Neill Laboratories Division of Arthritis Surgery Good Samaritan Hospital Baltimore Maryland U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Arthroscopy of the knee joint","volume":"16","author":"Burman M.S.","year":"1934","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","volume-title":"Atlas of arthroscopy","author":"Watanabe M.","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Arthroscopy of the arthritic knee","volume":"101","author":"Jackson R.W.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","first-page":"332","article-title":"The arthroscopic treatment of degenerative arthritis of the knee","volume":"70","author":"Jackson R.W.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","first-page":"527","volume-title":"Osteoarthritis","author":"Jackson R.W.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B6.1720118"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780240708"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Synovial fluid analysis by ferrography","volume":"2","author":"Evans C.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","first-page":"993","article-title":"Synovial fluid particle analysis in equine joint disease","author":"Tew W.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mod Vet Prac"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780241114"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270212"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1988.tb04643.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","first-page":"234","article-title":"Biology of disease: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin\u20101; 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