{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T10:27:09Z","timestamp":1779359229602,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infection after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a serious but uncommon complication. Optimal management has not been established. The purpose of our case series was to review our experience and published reports to identify risk factors, evaluate physical and laboratory findings, compare different treatments, and assess clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective review of all the arthroscopic ACL reconstructions performed at our institution between 1994 and 2002. Patients with intra\u2010articular infections were evaluated and, when available, comparisons were made between patients with extra\u2010articular infections and uncomplicated postoperative ACL reconstructions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven postoperative infections were identified, all in patients who had hamstring autograft. Previous knee surgery, especially previous ACL reconstruction and tibial ACL graft fixation with a post and washer, was associated with increased infection. Laboratory data revealed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (average, 67), C\u2010reactive protein (average, 14), and intra\u2010articular blood cell count (average, 52,000). All infections were eradicated with serial arthroscopic incision and drainage (average, 2.4 procedures) and intravenous antibiotics (duration, 14 to 42 days). The graft was retained in 10 of 11 patients. At an average follow\u2010up of 22 months, the average Lysholm functional knee score was 71.6 out of 100 points (range, 36\u201099). Of the 5 patients with fair\/poor results, the most common chief complaint was pain and stiffness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term goals for treatment of patients with postoperative ACL infections are to protect the articular cartilage and to maintain knee function. Timely initiation of treatment, including joint lavage, debridement, and antibiotics, are essential to treatment. Graft and hardware retention can successfully accomplish these long\u2010term goals. However, if early clinical response is not acceptable, strong consideration should be given to expedient graft and hardware removal. Excellent outcomes can be obtained, but results are usually lower than with uncomplicated cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T07:39:50Z","timestamp":1143877190000},"page":"375-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Infections Following Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.A.J. Daniel","family":"Judd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Womack Army Medical Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Fort Bragg North Carolina U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.T.C. Craig","family":"Bottoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tripler Army Medical Center Denver Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado Permanente Medical Group Denver Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.P.T. Matthew","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eisenhower Army Medical Center Fort Gordon Georgia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.A.J. Shawn","family":"Hooker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winn Army Community Hospital Fort Stewart Georgia U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70098-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500222"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270050301"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(00)90032-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(88)80047-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200205000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310031501"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658201000306"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198509000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","first-page":"2012","volume-title":"Orthopaedic sports medicine","author":"DeLee J.C.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons","author":"Baechler FM","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769070-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557010-00008"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806305016543?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806305016543?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:19:43Z","timestamp":1777454383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.12.002","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}}}